宇宙（2007）

The Universe S01E04

Part 4 April 22, 2021, 8:11 p.m.

会不会是小细菌,会是最好的细菌？
We would expect only to see primitive life forms.
我们只能期待看到原始的生命形式.
But they might be some more else that we see on Earth, we just don't know.
但可能是我们在地球上看到过的,我们只是不知道而已.
Scientists are encouraged by the discovering of strange and hardy lifeforms
在地球最不适合居住的地方发现
found in the most inhospitable places on Earth.
陌生勇敢的生命形式鼓舞着科学家.
Two worms, for example,
例如,两种蠕虫,
survive and thrive in total darkness.
在完全黑暗的地方生存繁衍.
Extreme pressure isn't a problem.
极端的压力不成问题.
The creatures were discovered in 1977
这些生物在1977年被发现,
several miles below the surface of the Galapagos rift.
在加拉帕戈斯裂谷以下几英里的地方发现.
They exist in water, near superheated thermal vents.
它们生存在水里,高温喷口的附近.
It's believed that these very conditions,
相信这些极端条件,
darkness, high pressure and hydrothermal vents,
黑暗,高压和高温,
are present on Europa.
就存在在木卫二上.
If you could have hydrothermal vents
如果在木卫二地核下和附近,
kicking out warmth and nutrients
能够发现喷口
down and near the core of Europa,
喷出热和养分,
and organisms would have fed off of that material
就能哺育生物,
just likely might have in the early Earth.
就象早期的地球.
And while two worms might not be lurking beneath Europa's icy shell,
虽然两个蠕虫不可能隐藏在木卫二的冰盖下,
something else could be.
但至少会有东西的.
This microbial life is the bulk of life on Earth.
这种微生物是地球上的大量的生命.
We expect that branches of that type of life would exists on Europa,
我们期待这些生命的分枝会存在于木卫二上,
just simply because water is the key feature.
只是因为水是其中的关键.
Finding it consumes scientist Bill Stone.
寻找生命折磨着科学家Bill Stone.
Its DepthX may answer a question that excites secrets of knowledge.
深潜水热探险者可能是揭开知识奥秘的答案.
And we have the robot behavior look for
我们有机器人寻找
signs of life
生命的痕迹,
and then try to collect the samples based of what it's sensing.
接着搜集找到的样本.
Stone's baby is in its infancy.
Stone的婴儿还处于幼年.
At the same time it is futuristic and advanced.
同时它也是超前的,高级的.
It's a high tech toy like no other,
它是高科技的玩具,不象其它,
that might show our world what another is all about.
可以显示我们世界另外的东西.
Our first contact with extraterrestrial life
我们第一次接触地外生命
may be on Jupiter's moon, Europa.
可能在木星的卫星木卫二上.
The DepthX robot, or more accurately "Hydrobot",
深潜水热探险者,更准确地叫法"水下机器人",
is being designed to ultimately think, move and explore
设计成会自己思考,行动和探索,
without help from man.
而不需要人的帮助.
And that is all to be done by the robot itself.
全靠机器人自己做到.
We're not gonna be guiding it to do that.
我们将不会遥控它.
That's gonna be a big step forward in what we would call robot science autonomy.
这是一个将要做的大的步骤,我们会称之为机器人科学自治.
It's a real life hell.
这是个人间地狱.
The start of a new "Space Odyssey".
一个新的太空奥德赛的开始.
We're literally
我们在底部
at the bottom edge
边缘逐个
let the type look surface and we won't see it again
分类察看,会重复察看,
until it tell us what's down there.
直到告诉了我们下面有什么.
DepthX would be able to extract and analyze samples
深潜水热探险者在海洋里航行时
on its own as it navigates the ocean.
能够自己提取分♥析♥样本.
This outer tube we see down here is where we pull in water samples
我们看到的下部伸出的管子会采集水样,
and store them in one later bag, we have five of them on-board.
并储存在后面的袋子里,车上装有五个这样的东西.
But before it does that
然而早做之前,
it actually powers through a series of micro pumps here on the left
实际上通过左边的微型泵连续工作,
and brings it into and on-board microscope.
把水带到随车的显微镜下.
And that microscope will take images
显微镜将摄取图象,
of what's in the water down to about five microns.
可以看到水里5微米左右的物体.
So we can see most of the typical types of microbial life,
所以我们几乎能够看到典型的微生物,
from five to two hundred microns, on screen.
在屏幕上看到从5微米到200微米的.
The robot will use that to discriminate to determine if there is life
如果有生命的话,机器人用这来分别测定,
and then grab a sample.
接着提取样本.
DepthX and its systems must be made smaller to work in space
深潜水热探险者及其系统必须做得较小便于太空活动,
and it still must pass trials under ice floes.
而且还必须通过浮冰的考验.
We are testing this in Antarctica
我们在南极测试它,
to make sure all works totally under ice.
完全能在冰下可靠工作.
The question of life on Europa is probably the big meal***unknown,
木卫二上的生命可能是未知的大餐,
because that would change our view of the Universe, basically.
主要是它可能会改变我们对宇宙的认识.
I mean, if this little moon sitting out there
我是指,如果这个小卫星在那里,
in his hostile environment of Jupiter
在木星恶劣的环境下,
can have life form on it,
能够有生命存在,
that means that probably tell us that,
那就意味着或许会告诉我们,
that life is almost everywhere.
生命几乎到处存在.
The sign is there, I mean, I think searching for like is one of the most
存在痕迹,我是说,认为搜索生命是一件
compelling things that we can do as...
最引人瞩目的事情,我们能够做的..
as not only as scientist but as a race... as human beings.
不仅仅是科学家做的,而且还是种族...就象人类做的.
It's a giant lead, and not just for mankind.
这是一个巨大的引导,不仅仅是对人类.
Nor for robot kind.
也不是对机器人族.
Of all Jupiter's imposing features,
在所有木星壮丽的映像里,
none is more impressive than the one you cannot see.
没有一个比你无法看到的更让人映像深刻.
It's bigger by far than the Great Red Spot,
它远比大红斑大,
more dynamic than the bands of jet streams,
比气流喷射更具活力,
and as lethal as any killer known to men.
可以媲美人们了解的任何杀手.
You have one of the most powerful radiation environment
这是一个太阳系里最强烈的辐射环境,
in the solar system, beside from the Sun.
还包括太阳.
The magnetic field of Jupiter is the largest entity, I believe, in the solar system.
木星的磁场是,我认为是太阳系里最大的.
It is a bubble, 450 million miles long
它是个泡沫,4.5亿英里长,
buzzing with electrically charged particles.
充满电荷粒子.
It's Jupiter's magnetosphere.
这是木星的磁气圈.
The Sun's sitting here putting out the solar wind,
太阳把太阳风送到这里,
and the solar wind is charged particle of protons and electrons.
太阳风充满了质子和电子.
These particles flow along at 1 million miles an hour.
这些粒子流以每小时1英里的速度前进.
And Jupiter basically capture these sort of protons and electrons.
木星基本上捕捉到了这些质子和电子.
All these charged particles are electrical current
所有这些粒子是电流,
and is has it then in the space circling around Jupiter
并且环绕着木星流动.
No word in the english language accurately conveys the enormity of this phenomenon.
英语中没有一个词汇能够准确地表达这种环境的恶劣.
The magnetosphere of Jupiter is the biggest object is the solar system.
木星的磁气圈是太阳系里最大的.
Is a lot bigger than the Sun.
要比太阳大得多.
Comparisons are the best measure
对它最好的比喻
of this mega-mighty-wonder.
是魔力无边的奇迹.
If it were visible in the night sky,
如果在夜空显现,
it would be many, many times bigger than the moon.
会比月亮大许多,许多倍.
It's enormous. Even though
它是个巨大的东西.
it's five times as far away from Earth as the Sun is,
尽管它距离地球是太阳距离地球的五倍,
it still would look immense in the night sky.
我们仍然可以在夜晚看到它.
If visible it would take a familiar form: a windsock.
如果看到的话,它会以惯常的面孔出现:风向袋.
There's a rounded section facing away from the planet, in one direction,
有一个完美的面孔以一个方向对着地球,
with a tail flowing out the other.
拖着长长的尾巴.
This windsock reaches the outer orbit of Saturn.
这个风向袋的延伸到土星的轨道.
Power plant Jupiter generates up to ten million amps of electrical current.
木星产生着1000万安培的电流.
The biggest planet in the solar system
这个太阳系里最大的行星
can conduct electricity all the way through and around it.
可以操控所有经过它周围的电流.
This conductivity creates a phenomenon we can see,
这产生了我们能够看到的一种现象,
when the excited charged particles escape.
此时激发了带电粒子逃逸.
Jupiter has auroras,
木星有极光,
because when those particles leak in and crash into the upper atmosphere, it glows.
因为在这些粒子进入大气层的时候,会发光.
Just as Earth has auroras.
就象地球的极光.
These ghostly auroras are a thousand times more powerful
这些可怕的极光要1000倍地
than Earth's northern and southern lights.
强于地球南极和北极的极光.
They measure up to 1,200 miles across.
它们处在1200英里高空.
If you could stand under them, they'd fill the entire sky,
在它们下面看的话,它们弥漫着整个天空,
moving at lightning speed, ten thousand miles an hour.
以闪电般的速度移♥动♥,每小时一万英里.
Jupiter's magnetic field is a monster and it roars.
木星的磁场是个怪物,嚎叫着.
In fact it's speaking to us, right now.
事实上是在对我们演讲,就在现在.
Jupiter...
木星...
The giant of the solar system has something to say, if you're listening.
太阳系里的巨人在向我们说着什么,如果你注意听的话.
We can hear what we call "lion roars",
我们能够听到的称为"狮吼",
'cause it has this roaring sound.
是因为它是咆哮的声音.
We can hear whistler modes, we can hear hiss...
我们能够听到吹口哨的声音,听到嘘声...
And whistles that are going:
口哨是这样形成的:
And these are all indications of dynamics
这些是动力学的原理,
things that are happening in the magnetosphere now.
物体在磁气圈里产生的.
If you find yourself driving on a dark desert highway,