宇宙（2007）

The Universe S01E03

Part 5 April 22, 2021, 8:11 p.m.

I don't know that means for the Universe to end,
我不知道那是否意味着宇宙的末日,
because I like time, I live in it.
因为我喜欢时间,我生活在时间里.
So it's hard to imagine time ending.
所以想象时间的终结是困难的.
Today scientists contemplate our inevitable fate.
今天科学家沉思着我们不可避免的命运.
In the distant future, the Earth and the entire Universe,
在遥远的将来,地球和整个宇宙,
may face the ultimate cosmic monster.
可能面对最后的宇宙妖魔.
No one suspects that Earth's most lethal enemy lurks amongst the stars.
没有人怀疑地球最致命的敌人就潜伏在星球之中.
But in the future, and without prior warning
然而在将来,没有预先的警告,
a cosmic grim reaper will unleash the ultimate Armageddon.
宇宙冷酷的收割机将释放最终的决战.
The dark villain will stretch apart the Universe.
黑暗的魔鬼将拆散整个宇宙.
Galaxies themselves will split apart.
星系将四分五裂.
Stars and planets will tear to shreds.
恒星和行星将打得粉碎.
The ultimate apocalyptic event is being called "The Big Rip".
终极大灾难事件被称为"大撕裂".
And when it begins it won't stop
而且一旦开始就不会停止,
until every atom and nuclei in the Universe aren't minced meat.
直到宇宙里的原子和原子核都变成了碎片.
"The Big Rip", it really is the end of the Universe.
"大撕裂",实际上是宇宙的末日.
It's not like we're the last ones at the party, wondering what's going on
不喜欢我们是聚会上的最后一个,不知是怎么回事,
and we can go do something else.
除非我们能够做些什么.
It's really like you've turned off all the lights.
真的很喜欢你关掉所有的灯.
And the Universe just ends.
此时宇宙刚好终结.
Innovator physicists Robert Caldwell and Marc Kamionkowski
创新的物理学家Robert Caldwell和Marc Kamionkowski
proposed a notion of "The Big Rip".
提出一个"大撕裂"的概念.
A grim hypothesis about the final fate of the Universe.
一个宇宙最终命运的严酷假设.
We use to think that the Universe, which is currently expanding,
我们过去认为的宇宙,正在扩展,
can reach a point of maximum expansion.
能扩展到最大点.
"The Big Rip" is the idea that the expansion
"大撕裂"主张膨胀
will not only continue and accelerate,
不仅仅只是扩展和加速,
but rip everything apart as it does so.
而且撕裂也同样在发生.
Caldwell and Kamionkowski calculated that the Universe is expanding
Caldwell和Kamionkowski计算出宇宙
at an alarming and increasing pace.
以惊人的越来越快的速度膨胀.
And there something is sucking everything outward like a vacuum.
这些物体象吸尘器那样吸取周围的物体.
Acting like a galactic vice squad,
就象星系刑♥警♥队那样,
these young scientists hunt for the cosmic killer.
这些年轻的科学家搜索着宇宙杀手.
They believe a mysterious phenomenon called dark energy
他们认为一种叫做暗能量的神秘现象
may be the culprit.
可能是犯人.
Figuring out what dark energy is,
盘算着暗能量是,
is probably the number one goal of cosmologists today.
可能是宇宙学家现在排在第一号♥的对象.
Dark energy is "dark" so you can't see it.
暗能量是"暗的",所以你无法看到它.
We can feel what it is, we feel that through
我们能够感觉到它,通过
its effects on the gravitational behavior of the Universe.
它在宇宙间对引力的作用感觉到它.
There could be some dark energy in this room, under the chair...
这个房♥间里可能有暗能量,在椅子下...
It's only when you look at its properties
只有真正在大的宇宙尺度下
on really big cosmological length scales,
才能看到它的性质,
billions of light-years across, that you start to see
数十亿光年的跨度,你开始看到
the accumulated effects of the dark energy.
聚集的暗能量的影响.
It causes things to be pushed farther away from each other
它造成物体相互推开,
and contributes to the expansion of the Universe.
引起宇宙的膨胀.
And it quicken in pace.
并且加快步伐.
Edwin Hubble, whom the Hubble telescope is named after,
Edwin Hubble,后来以他的名字命名哈勃望远镜,
first discovered the Universe is expanding back in the 1920s.
早在1920年第一个发现宇宙在膨胀.
But it wasn't until the 1998
然而直到1998年,
when a crack team of scientists measured that this expansion
当时一支精锐科学家团队衡量这种扩张
is moving like a runaway train.
象失控的火车.
A nice analogy is to imagine that the Universe
恰当的比喻是宇宙
are three-dimensional spaces like the surface of a
在叁维空间里象一个
rubber balloon that I'm blowing up.
我正在吹起的橡皮球的表面.
Ok, I'm gonna blow the balloon as a demonstration
好啦,我将要作个示范,吹起
of the effects of the expansion of the Universe.
影响宇宙膨胀的气球.
Here's the balloon gets bigger that's the depiction of the
这个气球变得更大,是星系膨胀
expansion of galaxies.
的描述.
First galaxy, another one...
第一个星系,另一个...
- These are galaxies... - Okay.
-这些是星系...-好了.
- One over there. - Okay. That's our home.
-一个在上面.-好.那是我们的家乡.
As the Universe expands every other galaxy gets farther away from us.
当宇宙膨胀时,每一个其它的星系都远离我们.
In ordinary expansion each galaxy stays the same size.
一般的膨胀,各个星系保持着相同的排列.
But if you have super accelerated expansion,
但是如果有超级加速膨胀,
then the galaxies themselves can each expand.
这时单个星系会自己膨胀.
Which is a sort of what happen here.
这个发生在这里.
If I could blow it up fast enough to depict "The Big Rip" then
如果你足够快的吹起它,来描述"大撕裂",
the balloon would explode.
那么气球将爆♥炸♥.
- That's like space-time not being able to... - Take it.
-那个象时空,不可能会...-拿起它.
And coming to an end.
并即将结束.
Sound we'll just pop a hole in the balloon.
我们将听到气球砰的一声,一个洞在气球上.
That's "The Big Rip".
那就是"大撕裂".
According to Caldwell and Kamionkowski,
按照Caldwell和Kamionkowski的说法,
the Universe has no hope of surviving "The Big Rip".
宇宙不存在"大撕裂"的洞.
They've even come up with a countdown to this apocalyptic event.
他们甚至进行了这个世界末日的倒计时.
"The Big Rip", kind of rolls up its sleeves
"大撕裂",开始卷起袖子,
and progressively takes apart the Universe layer by layer.
逐步层层剥离宇宙.
Working from the outside in,
运作从外往里,
going from the larger scales to the smaller scales.
从较大规模到较小规模.
A billion years to pull apart clusters of galaxies,
十亿年撕裂星系团,
then hundreds of millions of years to pull apart galaxies themselves.
然后数亿年撕裂星系.
And then, down to the size of the solar system,
接着,下至太阳系这样的规模,
we're talking hundred of thousands of years.
我们说有数十万年就够.
And then to tear apart the Earth itself will take...
然后撕裂地球会用...
less than an hour.
不到一个小时.
It's kind of interesting to think about what that would look like.
关于看起来象什么是个奇怪的想法.
If I'm in my protective capsule watching things happen,
如果在得到保护的太空舱里看着事情的发生,
I would see the swallow of darkness that starts coming towards us.
将会看到朝着我们来的黑暗吞没地球.
I would no longer, at that point, be able to see any stars.
在那一点上,不会很久观察到任何星星.
The Earth layer by layer would be peeled off
地球被一层一层地剥离
and ejected away.
并被抛出.
Everything in us, the molecules that hold us together,
我们的一切,组成我们的分子,
would get ripped apart and...
将被撕开,以及...
every atom that makes up your body would get...
组成你身体的每一个原子都将会...
would get... would fly off to infinity.
将会...将会飞入太空.
In a very short period of time.
在一个非常短暂的时间里.
Fortunately mankind doesn't need to lose sleep over "The Big Rip".
幸好人类无须失眠度过'大撕裂".
Caldwell and Kamionkowski estimate that it will climax
Caldwell和Kamionkowski估计从现在算起
500亿年进入顶峰,
fifty billion years from now,
when the Universe is over three times its current age.
那时宇宙年龄将超过它现在年龄的叁倍.
What's really fun for us is to try to figure out
试图推测真的对我们是个玩笑吗,
whether this is actually what's going to happen,
实际上无论会发生什么,
to paint a science fiction scenario
科学家虚构的情节描述了
of what might happen and to think what might happen to us.
将会发生什么和我们会发生什么.
Deep space threats are real?
太空深处的威胁是真的吗?
Sun could harm us tomorrow?
太阳会在明天伤害我们吗?
Others in the far future.
一切都发生在遥远的将来.
But one thing is certain.
然而一件事是确定的.
Something will terminate Earth and probably the entire Universe.
有东西会终结地球以及可能整个宇宙.
Once and for all.
永远.
It's only a matter of time.
这只是时间的问题.
It's useful to sometimes think about,
有时想想,还是有帮助的,
how fragile our life is here on Earth.
地球上的生命是多么的脆弱.
That maybe we're not gonna be here for eternity.
也许我们不会永远在这里.
Maybe there's a hope.
也许会有希望.
But... they way it looks...
但是...他们看起来...
The Universe just ends.
宇宙刚好结束.
And that's it.
就是这样.