里根夫妇（2020）

at being able to support yourself and your family.
自己和家人的公平机会。
It was also very frightening for people who were white.
对于白人来说，这也是非常可怕的。
It was the notion that,
这是一种观念，
"This could spill over into my community."
“这可能会蔓延到我的社区。”
And so it's very easy for Ronald Reagan then
所以罗纳德·里根很容易介入
to come in and manipulate that fear.
并操纵这种恐惧。
California also leads in some things
不幸的是，加州也在一些让我们
that unfortunately give us no sense of pride.
没有自豪感的事情上，领了先。
The only thing that's gone up more than spending is crime.
唯一比消费增加得更多的是犯罪。
Our city streets are jungle paths after dark.
天黑后，我们城市的街道如同是“丛林小径”。
[Lopez] Reagan used the term "jungle paths" to talk about
[洛佩兹] 里根用“丛林小径”这个词来形容
the areas in our cities populated by African Americans.
我们城市中，非洲裔美国人居住的地区。
This was a way to trigger racist stereotypes.
这是一种引发种族主义刻板印象的方式。
He used these terms that hearkened back to Africa.
他使用的这些术语让人想起了非洲。
[Ronald] The jungle is closing in on this little patch
[罗纳德] 丛林正在逼近这一小块，我们为之
that we have been civilizing for so long a time.
进行了长♥期♥文明的地方。
[Shearer] Reagan is in effect saying,
[希勒] 里根实际上是在说:
"These are people who are breaking the law,
“这些人违反了法律，
and I will protect you against them."
我会保护你们，不受他们的伤害。”
（德雷克.希勒，政♥治♥学研究者）
We need law and order,
我们需要法律和秩序，
（德雷克.希勒，政♥治♥学研究者）
and that's exactly what Reagan campaigned on.
这正是里根竞选时的口号♥。
You wanted law and order in this town. You got it.
你想让这个小镇有法律和秩序。你说对了。
[gunshot]
[枪声]
When white people heard "law and order,"
当白人听到“法律与秩序”时，
they heard him saying,
他们听到他说:
"I am going to stop the hordes of liberals
“我要阻止成群结队的自♥由♥主义者、
and Black and brown people from invading your neighborhood."
黑人和棕色人种入侵你们的社区。”
[Wiley] They bring violence. They bring crime.
[威利] 他们带来暴♥力♥。他们带来了犯罪。
All of those are deeply imbedded stereotypes
所有这些都是根深蒂固的刻板印象，
that get played out in that tough-on-crime stance.
体现在对犯罪的强硬立场上。
Patriotic music
[爱国乐曲声]
[Lopez] In 1966, it's no longer acceptable
[洛佩兹] 在1966年，政♥治♥人物使用明确的
for a political figure to use explicitly racist terms.
种族主义术语已不再被接受。
So a new language developed,and Ronald Reagan was a pioneer.
于是一种新的语言发展起来，而罗纳德·里根是先驱者。
It was a language that allowed people
这是一种允许人们以一种，
to oppose integration on a principle
与所谓的种族主义无关的原则，
that supposedly had nothing to do with race.
但又反对种族融合的“语言”。
That's what dog whistle politics is.
这就是“吹狗哨政♥治♥”。
The use of coded language to trigger
使用隐晦的语言来引发
unacceptable social hatreds
不可接受的社会仇恨，
while pretending that's not what you're doing.
同时假装这不是你在做的事情。
Reagan can turn around and say, "Me?
里根可以转身说:“我?
I didn't say anything about race.
我没说任何关于种族的事。
I just mentioned people commit crimes,
我刚才提到人们犯罪，
gangs, inner cities,
拉帮结派，内卷化，
a pathological culture,no respect for work,
病态的文化，对工作的不尊重，
jungle paths, nothing about race there at all."
我说的丛林小路，根本没有说到种族问题。”
[helicopter blades whirring]
[直升机桨叶呼呼作响]
[man] Do you think the Fair Housing Act in California
[男声] 你认为，加州的《公平住房♥法案》
is an ineffective or a bad method
是一种无效或糟糕的
of assuring open housing?
保证开放住房♥的方法吗?
It runs the risk of by President giving to government a power
它存在这样的风险，即总统赋予政♥府♥
that government should not have,
不应该拥有的权力，
and this is the infringement on the right
这侵犯了那些
of the individual to private possessions
拥有这些财产的个人的权利，
and the control ownership of those possessions.
以及个人对这些财产的控制所有权。
When he ran for Governor, fair housing
当他竞选州长时，公平住房♥的
anti-discrimination was a big issue.
反歧视是一个大问题。
Classical cello music
[古典的大提琴音乐]
You have to remember in the '50s you could not sell your house
你要记得在50年代,你不能把你的房♥子
to a Black person.
卖♥♥给黑人。
This wasn't your private choice.
这不是你的个人选择。
This was imposed upon you
这是整个房♥地♥产♥行业
by the entire real estate industry.
强加给你的。
Under federal housing programs,
根据联邦住房♥计划，
banks would not loan to African Americans
如果非裔美国人试图住在白人社区，
if they tried to live in white neighborhoods.
银行将不会贷款给他们。
This was legalized segregation.
这就是“合法化”的种族隔离。
[woman] Everybody that lives here has been hassling me.
[女声] 住在这里的每个人都在骚扰我。
[man] Why?
[男声] 为什么？
Because you're not safe walking the streets at night.
因为你晚上走在街上，会不安全。
You cannot leave the house.
你不能离开房♥子。
The people were frightened to death of integration.
人们对于“种族融合”害怕的要死。
They thought,"This will hurt our schools.
他们认为，“这会损害我们的学校。
It'll make our neighborhood unsafe.
这会让我们的社区变得不安全。
Therefore the only thing I have in value in this world,
因此，我在这个世界上唯一有价值的东西，
my house, will lose its value." It was the hottest issue.
我的房♥子，将失去它的价值。”这是最热门的话题。
Will you lose your neighborhood? That was it.
你会失去你的社区吗?就是这样。
[Lopez] While campaigning,Reagan would say,
[洛佩兹] 在竞选时，里根会说:
"I'm against prejudice,
“我反对偏见，
but I also support property rights."
但我也支持财产权。”
And one of the inherent rights of property
财产的固有权利之一是，
is the right to dispose of it any way a person sees fit,
任何人都有权以他（或她）认为合适的方式处置它，
even if that meant not selling to African Americans.
即使这意味着不卖♥♥给非洲裔美国人。
That's a classic dog whistle.
这就是典型的“吹狗哨”政♥治♥。
[Ronald] I do not believe that we can without in seriously
[罗纳德] 我不认为，在不严重危及我们
endangering our basic freedoms,that we can violate
被赋予的基本自♥由♥的情况下，我们就能够侵犯
this constitutional right of the individual.
宪法赋予个人的这项权利。
But I myself, I'll tell you now, do not subscribe to it.
但我自己，我现在要告诉你们，我不认投这个观点。
I'm willing to sell my house.A matter of fact
我愿意卖♥♥掉我的房♥子。事实上，
if there's anyone listening wants to buy to a farm,
如果在座的听众，有人想买♥♥农场，
I've got a farm for sale right now.
我现在就有一个农场要卖♥♥。
[Derek] In effect, Reagan's definition of freedom
[德雷克] 实际上，里根对自♥由♥的定义
included the so-called freedom to discriminate.
包括了所谓的“歧视的自♥由♥”。
[crowd cheering]
[人群的欢呼声]
[Wiley] He understood that there were many white voters
[威利] 他知道，在加利福尼亚州，有很多
in California who,because of racial integration,
白人选民，因为种族融合，
did not want to see their lives changed.
他们不希望看到自己的生活被改变。
He's sounding a message that has appeal...
他发出了一个有吸引力的信息...
"I warned people that this actor's gonna defeat Pat Brown,"
"我警告过大家,俺这个“会演戏的”，能够打败帕特·布朗，"
and it turned out to be true.
事实证明这是真的。
Place your left hand upon the Bible
把你的左手放在圣经上，
（1967年一月二日，加州州长就职典礼）
and raise your right hand.
举起你的右手。
（1967年一月二日，加州州长就职典礼）
[Lopez] Reagan had demonstrated that racial resentment
[洛佩兹] 里根证明了种族仇恨
wasn't confined to the white supremacist South.
并不局限于，“白人至上主义”的南方。
Even in California you could use race as way to win votes.
即使在加州，你也可以利用种族来赢得选票。
Dramatic music
[剧情音乐]
My native country, thee
我的故乡，你那
Land of the noble free
高贵自♥由♥的土地
Thy name I love
我热爱你的名字
casual xylophone jazz music
[随意的木琴爵士乐]
[indistinct conversations]
[听不清的交谈声]
[Nancy] Mr. and Mrs. Deacon Anderson.
[南茜] 迪肯·安德森夫妇。
- Mr. Reagan, Mrs. Kent. - [woman] Hello,
-里根先生，这位是肯特夫人。 -[女声] 你好，
- Hello, Reagan. - From Carmel.
-你好，我就是里根。 -她从卡梅尔特地来的。
- Good to see you. Hello. - Hello there. Oh!
-你好，很高兴见到你。 -你好，哦！
- Oh, my friend. - A pleasure.
- 哦，我的“发小儿”。 - 太高兴了。
Oh, yes, your friend,your dearest friend.
哦，是的，你的朋友，你最亲爱的朋友。
How are you? It's nice that you can be here.
你好吗?你能来真是太好了。
Oh, we're so thrilled to be here.
哦，我们很兴奋，能来到这里。
- Nice to see you. - Hello.
-能见到你真好。 -你好。
[Kelley] When Nancy became First Lady of California,
[凯利] 当南茜成为加州第♥一♥夫♥人♥时，
first of all,she was fit to be tied
首先，她不得不离开
（凯蒂.凯利，南茜.里根的传记作家）
to have to leave Beverly Hills and go to Sacramento.
比弗利山庄去萨克拉门托。
（凯蒂.凯利，南茜.里根的传记作家）
I mean, she loved the fact that Ronnie was governor
我是说，她很高兴“罗尼”能当上州长，
but Sacramento? No, she did not like that at all.
但是对于“三块馒头”?不，她一点也不喜欢。
[Ron Jr.] The original Governor's mansion
[小罗恩] 原来的州长官邸