第一人称视角射击游戏 终极纪录片（2023）

FPS 游戏的精神传承与光辉历史离不开模组
You really can’t talk about FPSs and, and the history and legacy of FPSs without talking about mods.
游戏与模组自诞生之初就不可分离
They’ve kind of been inseparable since the very beginning.
我觉得游戏模组脱胎于所谓「共享」的理念
To me, mods really spring out of the Shareware culture
例如早期的《毁灭战士》 乃至于宽泛来讲的分享精神
of, you know, early Doom and that whole kind of spirit of just sharing in general.
有一天我在公♥司♥ 一个朋友给我带了一个叫 DEU 的东西 也就是“毁灭战士编辑器”
At the company I was at, a friend came in with a thing called the DEU which is the Doom Editing Utility,
基本上是个超强力的关卡编辑器
but this was actually a full-powered level editor,
我拿着软盘 怎么都不相信这编辑器真有用——晃若美梦一样
and I took the floppy, not believing that this is gonna work, ‘It’s too good to be true.’
于是我找出《毁灭战士》一代的第一关 E1M1 加载进电脑
And then grabbed the first level from Doom One, E1M1, and loaded it up.
不晓得你们记不记得那一关: 出生之后出门左拐 眼前就能看到游戏里的第一座楼梯
I don’t know if everyone remembers that first level, but you, you start, and you come out, and you turn to the left, and there’s the very first stairway,
楼梯前有一扇窗户 宽度不足以让玩家通过
and then, there was this window that it was too narrow for you to get through,
但我在编辑器里 把对应几扇墙壁的高度调低调高
but I went ahead and pushed the, the one part down and pushed the other, other part up,
我一这么调整 那个开口就真的变了 然后——
went in to do with this, and there’s… The opening has changed, and
窗外就是这个户外区域 玩家根本不应该进入的区域
outside the window was this outside area with you know, just a place you were never supposed to be.
我就站在那里 不敢相信眼前所见
I’m just out here like, like, like I just couldn’t believe.
我到现在都还记得
I still remember that day
自那时起 我就把闲暇时光都拿来自♥制♥《毁灭战士》关卡 发布到 AOL 和 CompuServe
and, from that moment on, every free moment I had, i was making doom levels and putting them on AOL and Compuserve
而且反响极佳 玩家都很喜欢这些模组
and they were received quite well. They, they got a lot of hits.
做《毁灭战士》模组首先要创建最简单的关卡——一个房♥间 即四面墙包着的方盒子
The first thing that you do when you start modding Doom is you create a level, which is a room. It’s a box, four sides,
加载进去才发现自己造的是个一里见方的大山洞
and then you load it in Doom and, in fact, you’ve made a cavern that’s half a kilometer long.
但这间屋子就是你做的! 你现在身处其中
But, it’s your room, and you made it, and now you’re inside it
能这么做简直……这还是第一次有人能这么做!
and, just being able to do that, this was the first time that anybody could do that.
只要设备和技术力到位 你自己就完全可以做模组 开♥发♥商还完全没意见
This was something that you can make into your own if you if you had the wherewithal, and they were cool with it.
他们不会某日突然携律师函杀出来起诉你 这更让玩家喜出望外
They weren’t gonna come after you and sue you which was also wild.
id 完全清楚模组开♥发♥的事 我听说他们甚至公开了许多数据格式之类的
id knew all about it and from I remember hearing that they actually helped by sharing with the data formats of a lot of this stuff.
当年下载用的还是 56k 拨号♥上网 有时根本不清楚自己下载的是什么
You had to download them on, again, a crappy 56K dial-up connection. You didn’t know what you were downloading.
我记得当时下载过《毁灭战士》的一个异形模组
I remember downloading, like, the Aliens mod for Doom back in the day.
我一听说可以魔改游戏本体 马上就想到要制♥作♥异形模组
Yeah, the moment that I heard that you could change this game, I started thinking of making an Aliens modification for it.
我把电影看了一遍又一遍 权当参考资料来查 因为……
I watched the movie so many times for reference, because this was the ‘90s.
那会儿可是九十年代 还没有“上网搜图”一说
You, you couldn’t go online and, and look up images.
好比说我想看韦兰德–汤谷公♥司♥的标志 就必须从头播放VHS 别无他法
If I wanted to see what the Weyland-Yutani looked like, I had to stick a VHS in the machine
一路快进到印象中公♥司♥标志所在的片段
and fast forward to where I thought I’d seen it.
但没人会快进《异形》 每一遍我都会从头开始看
But, you can’t just fast forward through Aliens. You gotta watch it.
第一关一个敌人都没有 我开始怀疑自己“我安装错了? 屏幕上没东西啊!”
The whole first level has no enemies, and you’re like, ‘Have I installed this correctly?’ ‘Cause there’s nothing on the screen.
我当时确实有点担心玩家的反响 担心他们会想“第一关纯粹是浪费时间”
I was quite uncertain about how that would be received, because, people could just think, 'well the first level is a waste of time'.
异形电影本身的开场就主打悬疑紧张 也就是搜寻异形的过程
There is a lot of tension at the beginning of the movie and, they are searching for the aliens.
我就想“要不让玩家一上来就搜寻异形 但异形其实都不在第一关?”
So I, I thought, ‘Well, can I… Can I just have you hunting for them, and they’re not actually there in the first level?’
好在最终成果喜人 玩家都在悬疑气氛中心慌意乱 神经兮兮
But, it worked out the way I hoped it would. The tension would amp up, and you’d be on edge
弄不清楚之后究竟要面对什么敌人
and not knowing what’s gonna happen.
我当时想以《毁灭战士》为基础做另一款游戏 但要融合进《毁灭战士》本身的乐趣
I was trying to use Doom to make a different kind of game that it still had all the appeal of Doom.
我管它叫《异形2 大改》 也就是全面改变游戏内容之意
I called it Aliens TC, TC standing for Total Conversion
让玩家清楚我真正想做的是新颖独特的东西——
as a way to try and communicate that I was trying to do something a little bit different
那便是把《毁灭战士》变成彻彻底底的另一款游戏
which was to convert Doom into a, a new game.
模组热度远超我所想 可以说完全改变了我的人生
It was a lot more popular than I anticipated, and that sort of changed the trajectory of my life.
卡马克当时跟我说 《毁灭战士》仿佛成了每名创作者的简历
Carmack said to me at the time, he’s like, ‘You know, it’s almost like a Doom mod is becoming a resume.
九十年代 个人想进军游戏界可不是易事……
Breaking into the game industry back in the ‘90s was pretty difficult,
而《毁灭战士》模组就是我的敲门砖
and it opened up opportunities for me.
你想想 这些 FPS 论♥坛♥活跃在外 正在揎拳捋袖 制♥作♥一个又一个模组
So, you had the FPS community out there, they were rolling up their sleeves, they were creating their own mods,
而后有一天 他们用现有的游戏引擎活生生造出了一部新游戏
and then, this led to them using these engines to put out their own games.
几十年间玩家制♥作♥的模组玲琅满目 比如那个《残酷毁灭战士》 真是应有尽有
In the years, the decades of mods that people have put out there with levels and Brutal Doom and, like, you name it,
他们的创作如此之多 新玩家入坑《毁灭战士》时发现的不是一款游戏
all the stuff people have done has created something that new gamers, when they discover Doom and it’s like,
而是一整个活生生的宇宙 甚至在他们出生前就已存在
‘A universe has happened before me before I was alive’
《毁灭战士》激发了无穷的创造力 因为游戏引擎实在太简单了
And it’s so easy to be creative in it, because the engine is so simple,
还有一代代玩家自♥制♥的开♥发♥工具 简直是制♥作♥模组的良工利器
and people have put out so many tools that are so good to make levels in,
可以说是社区创造了《毁灭战士》 这是他们的游戏 是他们让《毁灭战士》长盛不衰
that the community has made Doom. Like they, they own Doom, you know, it is…It’s their game, and they have kept it alive.
真是世间奇景
Yeah, it was really great.
我当时一心沉迷 PC 游戏 尤其是理查·盖瑞特制♥作♥的《创世纪》系列
I was playing computer games obsessively, especially the Ultima games that Richard Garriott made.
可能是鸿运过人 我当时有个朋友在 Origin 工作室工作 他打电♥话♥跟我说
Just out of sheer luck, I got a call from a friend who was working at Origin at that point saying they were looking for an associate producer.
他们现在亟需一位协同制♥作♥人参与
at Origin at that point saying they were looking for an associate producer.
所以我就去了工作室 然后他们就雇我了
And so, I went down there and got the job
我做的第一份工作其实是跟保罗·纽拉斯一起做《太空游侠》——
One of the first things I got to do was work with Paul Neurath on Space Rogue,
一款兼具太空战斗 角色扮演和经典街机游戏的超级大杂烩
his genre mashup of space combat, role playing, and arcade game.
他带着一段第一人称 demo 来到 Origin 工作室
When he came to Origin with his first person perspective tech demo,
我立刻就跟老板说: “这活非我♥干♥不可”
I, I went to my boss and said, ‘I must work on this’
而那段 demo 就是后来《创世纪地下世界》的前身
which, at that point, was going to be called Ultima Underworld.
这款游戏跟《毁灭战士》颇为相似 即玩家要在低分辨率的全纹理贴图环境中开展冒险
A game very similar to Doom in the sense that you’re walking through these sort of very low resolution environments that were texture mapped.
创作理念是让玩家可以无死角转头 但毕竟这是款冒险游戏 实践起来相当复杂
We had the idea that you should be able to look all around and it was an adventure game, so it was very complicated.
我当时在尝试复刻我人生第一次玩《龙与地下城》的感受
I was there trying to recreate the feeling I had the first time I played Dungeons and Dragons
跟朋友们一起谱写自己的故事 在一方天地内自♥由♥创造
where I, I got to tell stories with my friends and empowered to do whatever I want.
这样的第一人称冒险游戏正让我看到了重现这种体验的机会
That was, uh, a real possibility in a first person perspective game.
它不是真3D 但的确给玩家送去明辨是非的体验
It wasn’t true 3D, but it let players decide what was right and wrong in the world.
我觉得这比“哇 好大的突突枪 快去把所有活物都打成肉酱吧!”要好玩多了
I find that much more interesting than, I find that much more interesting than, "Hey, let's grab the biggest gun and kill everything that moves"
《网络奇兵》给了我们第一次带着对游戏媒介的了解开♥发♥游戏的机会
And so, System Shock was really the chance that we had with some understanding what the medium behaved like
可以针对游戏技术所擅长之处大大改善玩家的游玩体验
to make some on purpose decisions about how to change gameplay in response to what the technology was good at.
满目都是奇幻游戏 实在给我烦透了
I was sick to death of fantasy games
但同时 道格·丘奇——一位名不见经传的游戏设计大♥师♥
and at the same time, Doug Church, secret master of gaming who should be world renowned and famous,
他跟我一样 也做奇幻游戏做到麻了
he was also tired of working on fantasy games.
有一天 他来到我的办公室里和我谈他想开♥发♥的新游戏
He was in my office one day, and he was talking about the the game that he wanted to make
我们对视一眼 一拍即和
and said, ‘We should make this.’ You know?
保罗·纽拉斯也参与了 毕竟他管着透镜
Paul Neurath was intimately involved in that too. He was running Looking Glass,
我们几人当即就决定照这个方向做下去
and we decided, ‘Let’s, let’s do this.’
组里所有人都是科幻迷 很快就从科幻作品中汲取灵感
Everybody on the team is a science fiction fan, and there were all these ideas in science fiction about
即电脑若真正渗透进生活的方方面面会是什么样子
what it meant to have pervasive computers everywhere
别忘了 《网络奇兵》和《地下世界》诞生时
because, remember, System Shock and Underworld were written at a time
“电脑走进千家万户”依然不现实
where the idea of a computer on every desk was still strange,
所以电脑渗透进生活还是个相当新颖的创想——那个世界是怎么样的?
and so what it meant to have pervasive computers around was powerful. It was interesting, like, ‘What’s it gonna be like?
把电脑植入人脑会是什么样子? 如果人工智能觉醒会怎样?
Are people gonna have computers in their minds? What does that mean?’ You know, ‘What happens if AI wakes up?’
我们故意让主角没有名字 单单称其为“黑客”
There’s a reason why the character has no name. He’s just ‘Hacker.’
游戏早期的主旋律就是四处龟缩爬动 尽可能避免正面冲突
A lot of the early game is spent creeping around and avoiding conflict as much as possible,
因为“黑客”可不是位星际战士 甚至连一般的战士都算不上
because the Hacker wasn’t a space Marine. You know, he, he wasn’t some warrior.
主角未尝不可能是位女士 我们未曾预设任何身份 姓名和背景故事
He could be a woman, actually. There’s no identity, there’s no name. There’s no backstory, per se.
但我们让每一位玩家都可以自己化身成主角 创造自己的角色
But, we allowed players to inhabit that character, make it their own.
我们不想让玩家循规蹈矩 想我们所想 而是让玩家“自己体验游戏世界去吧”
And, instead of doing what we told them to do and feeling what we wanted them to feel, we said, ‘Feel how you want to feel.’
《网络奇兵》当然属于赛博朋克题材 而那段时间所有人又都在聊赛博朋克
System Shock was clearly a cyberpunk game and, at the time, everybody was all about cyberpunk.
《网络奇兵》开♥发♥组自然也不例外
including the System Shock team.
我觉得赛博空间中的自♥由♥移♥动♥十分有趣
The freedom of movement in cyberspace was pretty compelling, I thought.
“你孤身一人 无以自保 徘徊在恶意的赛博空间中”
‘You’re alone underpowered in corridors that are oppressive.’
那部分是我心目中《网络奇兵》的巅峰
I think that, that was the heart of the game, really, in cyberspace.
《网络奇兵2》应该是我玩过的第一款恐怖游戏 但我一开始以为它只是一款 FPS
System Shock 2 was probably one of the first horror games that I had played, and I think I went into it, it’s like it was a standard FPS.
随着来龙去脉逐渐展开 我慢慢感受到故事的厚重
But, as the story started to unfold, and I learned the full weight of the situation and discovered that
还发现身边唯一一个“活人”不过是人工智能 SHODAN 操纵的傀儡
and discovered that the only other person who I thought was alive was just being used as a puppet by Shodan,
到现在 我一想起来还是冷汗直流
I mean, that’s the kind of thing that still gives me chills just thinking about it.
回看《网络奇兵》的故事 至今仍不过时 依旧可能在未来某日发生
Looking back at the story of System Shock, you know, it holds up. It’s, it’s the kind of thing that could still happen.
依旧是相当恐怖的一种未来
It’s still a very dangerous concept.
见证反派角色 SHODAN 在故事中的成长令我相当难忘
I think getting to witness Shodan’s growth as a character was one of the most memorable aspects.
她从一开始这个天真的……生物? 满怀好奇心地做着实验
She starts off as kind of this childlike creature with curiosity to, to begin experimenting
实验对象是她眼中的劣等生物
on things she sees as lesser.
“我完完全全掌控着这一层”
I have complete control of this entire level.
眼睁睁看着她成长为全能的邪恶人工智能
And, to see her slowly grow into a character where she’s more omnipotent.
“待我的改造人把你捆到电刑椅上 你的秘密就都是我的了”
When my cyborgs bring you to an electrified interrogation bench, I will have your secret.
玩家还是很喜欢她 甚至能跻身游戏史上最赞的反派之列
She’s still beloved and still comes up as one of the great computer game villains of all time.
想象一下 倘若你第一次接触3D游戏就是《网络奇兵》 每个细节你都会沉浸进去
If you imagine a world where you’re seeing 3D games for the very first time, you see emergent stuff happen because, first, it’s bugs.
玩家会想“啊这个放这里 那个放那里 然后桌子……噢 椅子挡路够不到桌子”
You’re like, ‘Okay, well, I’m gonna put this here and this here and the table here,’ And then, ‘Oh, I can’t get by the table, ‘cause the chair’s in the way.
“那我调整调整 看看椅子能不能推进去”
Okay, what if I make it so you can push the chair in?’
必须深入思考你的这个“模拟世界”中事物的自然属性
You have to think about the qualities of the things you’re, here are the air quotes, ‘simulating’’
而后才能明白这些事物会如何与其他事物在环境中相互作用
and then figure out how those characteristics interact with other things in the environment.
3D身为游戏的一环本身就决定了游玩过程的许多属性
Now, the nature of the 3D world has dictated a new type of gameplay,
玩家一遍遍体会到 现实世界中发生的事同样也会在游戏世界里发生
and we would continuously have this experience where the thing that would happen in the real world happened in our game.
许多有趣的元素就从物理中涌现出来了
There was a huge amount of emergent gameplay just from physics like bouncing.
例如弹跳——玩家很喜欢拐角扔手雷
I remember people started to bounce grenades around corners,
仔细想来其实相当惊人 过去的游戏都是“啊这里有个房♥间 我要进去把人都杀了”
and that felt crazy because, in the past, games were about, ‘I’m in this room, and I can shoot the stuff in this room.’
一瞬之间 我可以把手雷扔到屏幕外未渲染的地方了
And, now suddenly, I can throw a grenade around the corner to a place that’s not being rendered,
我当然看不见那里的敌人 AI 激活与否
and I can’t see. Is the AI even awake there?
开♥发♥者的世界里可没有墙后的故事 纯粹是玩家沉浸着想象的 如此便更加妙趣横生
That was a story that hadn’t been told by the game designer. That was a story that was being told by the player to themselves, and that was really exciting.
我好一阵子没玩《网络奇兵》一二代了 因为我们每天都在玩重制版 夜以继日
It has been a little while since I’ve played System Shock 2 or the original, because we’ve been playing the remake almost daily,
重制版里还有些《网络奇兵》原版里没有的沉浸式元素
and I can say that, in the remake, there is some emergent gameplay that wasn’t in the original.
我们最近看过一段试玩录像 里面有人扔出手雷 把一具尸体炸飞了
We were watching somebody playtest the game just recently, and they threw a grenade, and it went off, and it blew up a corpse
尸体飞上天把一块显示屏撞下来了 活活把另一个敌人给枭首了
that hit a monitor hanging up above that fell off and decapitated an enemy.
这正是一例那种意料之外 令人惊呼“等等 刚刚发生什么了?”的时刻
It was one of those moments where it was like, ‘Oh my god,’ like, ‘I can’t believe that just happened.’
现在看来 这些亮点都不过是雕虫小技 不足挂齿
These things sound really dumb and, you know, really just pedantic now,
但当年这可是首秀 足以令所有玩家惊呼
but it was the first time. Man, it was, like, so cool and,