犹太人的故事（2013）

for some people
even a tragically-loaded term,
对某些人来说，甚至意味着悲剧
but not for me.
不过对我而言不是
I'm a Zionist,
I'm quite unapologetic about it,
好吧我是犹太复国主义者
对此我无需讳言，也问心无愧
because it comes down to this -
因为归根结底来说
was Herzl, who had a sense
of a catastrophic event
基于对未来浩劫的感知--- Herzl同志在这册子里，
just around the corner,
telling the truth, or wasn't he,
讲的是实话吗？ 不是实话吗？
about whether it was possible still
比如关于能否继续做那个启蒙运动的春秋大梦
to live the Enlightenment dream
here in the German world?
继续苟活在日耳曼的世界里----
Of course he was.
当然他讲的都是大实话！
With that knowledge,
with that sense of the Jews having
基于这种知识
寄望于犹太人可以翻身做主不再仰人鼻息
never had the power
of their own national home,
能够在自己的国家里行使自己的权利
how could you not be a Zionist?
看看这前景，
又有哪个犹太人读后不会心向往之，成为犹太复国主义者呢？！
But not everyone was ready to give
up on the Enlightenment dream.
不过并非人人都能弃旧梦不顾
Many still believed
许多人依然相信启蒙运动的平权大梦
that anti-Semitism belonged
to a rotten, decadent past,
认为反犹主义只属于腐朽堕落的往昔
not to the future.
而不会有未来
And in the new, fearless modern
world that was being created
在这个由音乐，艺术和建筑所创造的
in music, art and architecture,
Jews would march side by side
无畏而崭新的世界里，犹太人应该可以
with their brothers and sisters,
in the cultural revolution.
各族携手高歌♥猛进，走向文化革新
One of the most fearless modernists
其中最无畏的现代化者之一
was the Jewish-born Austrian
composer and painter,
是奥地利犹太人，作曲家/画家:
Arnold Schoenberg,
勋伯格 [二十世纪作曲家和音乐理论家]
[背景是他的弦乐四重奏第二部]
who, in the early 20th century,
changed the very nature of music.
二十世纪早期， 正是他对音乐进行了重大的
具有划时代意义的改革
Schoenberg counted many non-Jewish
thinkers and artists
在勋伯格的朋友中，有许多非犹太的思想家和艺术家
among his friends,
among them, Wassily Kandinsky,
其中之一是 Wassily Kandinsky
[瓦西里·康丁斯基 俄♥国♥画家与美术理论家]
Like Felix Mendelssohn, Schoenberg
had converted to Christianity,
与作曲家 F.门德尔松一样， 勋伯格也改宗基♥督♥教
hoping that it would immunise him
意在使自己免受
from the growing virus
of anti-Semitism in Germany.
德国日渐汹涌的反犹浪潮冲击
Even the love between modernist
comrades could be tainted.
即便是现代主义者之间的同志情谊也不能
幸免于时代污渍的沾染
In 1923, Schoenberg discovered
that Kandinsky had been sounding off
1923年，勋伯格获知其友康丁斯基
about the so-called
"Jewish problem".
正在鼓吹所谓的"犹太问题"
Kandinsky hastened to
assure Schoenberg
康丁斯基急忙对勋伯格辩清说
he didn't mean him - goodness, no!
"不 不， 我不是在说你... 绝对不是..."
Schoenberg would be an exception,
of course, to the Jewish question,
"你是例外，你当然不在犹太问题之列..."
and Schoenberg said,
"I do not want to be an exception,"
勋伯格回应道: "不，我不想做例外"
and wrote a long, impassioned letter
to Kandinsky in which he said this.
在他写给康丁斯基的长信中，他言辞激烈的说道:
"The events of the past year
have forced on me a lesson
"过去一年所发生的事情给了我一个狠狠的教训"
"and it's one I will never forget."
What was that lesson?
"这将让我终生难忘，教训说的是什么呢？"
Well, it was that,
"I am no German, I am no European."
"---它让我记住，我既不是德国人，也不是欧洲人"
"Ja, vielleicht kaum
ein Mensch bin.
"Perhaps I'm not even a man,
"也许我根本连做人都不够格"
"since Europeans seem to prefer
the worst of their race to me.
"因为欧洲人就算要下三滥也不要‘犹太佬’"
"Ich Jude bin.
"I am a Jew."
"我是个犹太人"
When the Nazis came to power ten
years later, they agreed with him,
十年后纳粹上台，他们很"赞同"勋伯格的说法
forcing him out of his job
at the Berlin Music Academy.
将其逐出任职的柏林音乐学院
Germany was now over
for Arnold Schoenberg.
勋伯格的德国生涯就此终结
He left for America via Paris...
他途经巴黎赴美
..and there
he stepped towards another light.
在巴黎短暂停留期间，勋伯格
在我们后面要说的另一个问题上也大彻大悟
This story of a great leap of faith
began in a synagogue,
我们讲述的这个信仰巨变的故事，开始于某一犹太教堂
when a Jew was cast out
by his own people.
开始于某个犹太人被自己人逐出门墙
[指的是开头的斯宾诺莎的故事]
It ends in another synagogue,
rather differently.
故事的结尾，在另一个大相径庭的犹太教堂里，
On 24th July, 1933,
1933年7月24日
Arnold Schoenberg stood here
勋伯格在这个位于巴黎Copernic街的
in the synagogue
on the Rue Copernic in Paris,
犹太教堂里
seeking formal readmission to the
community of Jews and Judaism.
寻求归宗犹太教以及恢复自己的犹太人身份
The date could hardly be more
significant.
选的这个日子意义重大到无以复加
For more than a decade,
he had been predicting
过于逾十年间，勋伯格在不断的预言
that if Hitler and the Nazis
ever came to power,
如果希♥特♥勒♥和纳粹党一旦上台
it would not just be the great
experiment in cultural modernism,
那么，就不仅是始于犹太哲人斯宾诺莎和
犹太大儒摩西.门德尔松的那种
which had begun perhaps
since Spinoza and Moses Mendelssohn,
简单的文化上的现代化了
which would be a casualty,
but the entirety of Jews
到时候会死人，
而且还会出现吞噬整个犹太民族
that would be engulfed
in something utterly catastrophic.
的浩劫惨祸
He knew that what had begun
with words
勋伯格深知恶言一旦出口
would end with terrifying violence.
就可能以可怕的暴♥力♥行为而终
He'd long been devoted
to themes Jewish.
他专注于创作犹太主题的音乐已久
He was in the middle of what was an
unfinished opera, Moses And Aaron,
正在酝酿一部歌♥剧--名为《摩西与艾伦》
and now he stood there absolutely
committed to this identity.
如今，他立于这座教堂之内，全心皈依本宗
He'd become an ardent Zionist,
and above all, he wanted,
并成为犹太复国主义积极分子
当然，除此以外，最重要的是
right from this minute,
to alert the world
此刻的勋伯格，希望为世界敲响警钟
to the extermination which
he thought was about to happen.
警告世人将有一场迫在眉睫的种族大屠♥杀♥
Indeed, of course,
he was so prescient.
当然，我们现在都知道他的预言精准无比
That great dream of being Jewish
and a cultural adventurer
作为犹太人和犹太人作为不同文化间的冒险家的伟大梦想
was about to disappear
into the smoke of the crematoria.
终将消逝于焚尸炉的青烟之中.
[应该说的是集中营的焚尸炉]
背景: 柏林大屠♥杀♥纪念地
'Was it all a delusion, then,
right from the start?
那么， 从本片开头就大谈特谈的那些信仰，跃进什么的
莫非都是黄粱一梦？
'I don't know.
我不知道...
'I like to think I would've been
optimistic with Moses Mendelssohn
我更愿意这么想： 既要摩西门德尔松那样的乐观
'and realistic with Theodor Herzl.
也要Theodor Herzl那样的现实
'I like to think that the humanity
of the Enlightenment idea
我也同样愿意相信， 启蒙意识里的人性部分
'was not entirely cancelled out by
the inhumanity of its incineration.
并未被人伦丧尽的纳粹焚尸炉完全抵消
'To declare anything else is to
declare victory for the murderers.
任何关于人性已灭的想法，其实都是助纣为虐
'I do know I grieve endlessly
for those here in Berlin,
我的确不停的在为此纪念碑下的亡魂哀悼
'and all over Europe, who innocently
imagined they could be Jews
也为全欧洲的犹太冤魂哀悼，他们天真的以为
自己可以安全的做个寄居国的公民...
'and citizens of their own
countries, and who, to the end,
可惜的是， 这些冤魂想不到的是，
'could not imagine the evil
that would turn their books
邪恶烈焰将最终把他们的书
'and their bodies into ash.'
和他们的躯体都化为灰烬.