犹太人的故事（2013）

Jewish children were four times
more likely
犹太孩子上高中的比率
to go to high school than Gentiles.
四倍于非犹太族裔
And those children would go on
而这些受过高等教育的犹太孩子
to become captains
of the new industries -
将成为新兴工业化时代各行业的翘楚
shipping, chemicals, electricity,
比如航运，化工，电气，
mass-circulation newspapers
and publishing -
大发行量报刊杂♥志♥与出版业；
and masters of the professions -
law, medicine and science.
还有法律，医学以及此类各门专业性极强的学科。
They had good reason to believe
他们有充分理由相信
that the prejudice against them
was a dying vestige of the past.
那些针对犹太人的偏见早已渐行渐远
They were patriots,
(因为)他们都是爱国者
their destinies closely entwined
with the destiny of the new Germany.
相信自己的命运与这一个新崛起的德国早已密不可分。
And they expressed their confidence
the way Jews always did...
基于这种思想，他们信心满满，
并用一种犹太人固有的方式来表达出来：
..by building a synagogue.
修建新的犹太教堂---
A really big synagogue!
一个宏伟的大教堂
3,000 could get inside this one
on the Oranienburger Strasse,
座落在柏林Oranienburger大街的这座新大教堂，
the New Synagogue,
一次可容纳3000人
but it was a big synagogue
for a big year
不过这教堂可以说生正逢时
in German and Jewish history,
1866.
因为1866年在德国与犹太历史上都是个好年头
Just three months
before this gorgeous monster opened,
眼前这座辉煌大教堂启用之前3个月
the Prussians had defeated
the Austrians
普鲁士击败奥地利
to ensure that the drive
for German unification
最终确定了将由普鲁士人来执掌
was now going to be led by Prussia.
统一全德的进程
And from Berlin,
而指挥中心---就在柏林
from what had already become a city
那时的柏林已经成为现代都市
in which the Jews had
an immense part to play.
而市内的犹太民众也成为助推(统一全德)的重要角色
So it was natural then
教堂启用典礼上，与一众犹太头面人物
that Otto von Bismarck himself,
the Chancellor,
共同出席的，还有首相俾斯麦本人
who had managed to win the war
through the help of money
正是借助于其私人财库---犹太大银行家
Gerson Bleichroder的贷款
loaned from his personal banker,
the Jew Gerson Bleichroder,
俾斯麦才得以为普鲁士赢得此役！
was actually here in attendance with
all the Jewish good and the great.
因此他亲临(教堂启用典礼)现场亦是情理之中。
So those two big moments,
于是我们看到，在1866年九月
those two histories converged
这场圣典之中，两大时刻与
at the inauguration
of the New Synagogue
两股历史在新落成的犹太大教堂内
in September 1866.
汇集于一处！
The new Germany had taken a bet
on the loyalty of the Jews,
一方面，新兴的德国试水接纳了犹太人的诚意
and the Jews had certainly
thrown their lot with German power.
另一方面，犹太人也愿与新起的强势德国共济一舟
It was a marriage that seemed
to be made in heaven,
看似天作之合...
between modernising Jewish history
逐步现代化的犹太民族
and the power of the new Germany.
与强力崛起中的德国携手共进
Not a cloud on the horizon,
前途(貌似)一片光明...
not yet, anyway.
反正彼时的形势一片大好...
And in France,
the story was the same.
再来看当时的法国，(犹太人处境)同样的歌♥舞升平
Only a dyed-in-the-wool
Jewish pessimist
当时的法国犹太人里，只有死脑筋的悲观主义者
could have worried
about cloudy skies here.
才会唱衰
Like their German cousins,
与他们的在德同胞一样
French Jews had made a place
for themselves
法国犹太人立足于
at the heart of urban prosperity.
繁华都市的核心
And most successful
were the Rothschilds,
其中最负盛名就有罗斯柴尔德家族
the Paris branch of a dynasty
这是罗斯柴尔德"王朝"的巴黎分支
that had begun
in the Frankfurt ghetto.
此犹太巨擎起源于法兰克福隔都
I wonder how many of the commuters
每天进出巴黎北站的通勤族
who come and go every day
here in the Gare du Nord
有几个能知道这一世界知名车站
know that it was a project
of the French Rothschild family.
只是罗斯柴尔德家搞定的项目之一！
We usually think of the Rothschilds
as masters of international finance,
通常认为罗斯柴尔德家 精于国际金融
supporting government debts
and sometimes wars.
他们财力雄厚，常运作的是对某国政♥府♥贷款，有时甚至是战争贷款
But, especially here in France,
不过在法国
there was a strongly practical side
to their enterprises too.
我们能看到此间罗家财团独有的鲜明特色
Baron James, the great patriarch
of the French Rothschilds,
法国罗家的族长---JAMES男爵
[James Mayer de Rothschild]
thought of himself above all
as a patriotic Frenchman,
把爱国看得比啥都重要
invested, in both the emotional
and the financial sense,
当时的法国，为了与英德诸强齐头并进
in the modernisation
of classical France
正由传统向工业化转变，在这一现代化进程中，
into an industrial superpower
that could compete on equal terms
James男爵大笔投入的不仅是资金，
with Britain and Germany.
还有他的情感
So railways were very important
to him.
铁路，正是其中的大手笔之作
This station connected the other
industrial pulses
巴黎北站联接的是北欧的
of northern Europe,
各个工业枢纽
particularly Belgium and Germany.
尤其是比利时与德国。
Now, the Rothschilds
were not in this for charity.
当然，罗斯柴尔德家也不是干慈善的
They made a packet of money
out of the railways,
他们在铁路项目中也赚翻了。
and that opened them to a certain
amount of resentment and envy.
随之而来的，是各种羡慕嫉妒 与 恨 ！
But one has to say about France,
不过我们也看到，彼时的法国
the tide of anti-Semitism hadn't yet
crashed on the Rothschilds
反犹浪潮尚未触及
and the other great Jewish families.
罗家与其他各大犹太家族
Really, in the middle
of 19th century,
说真的，19世纪中叶
they were embedded
in the project to modernise France.
法国犹太人确与法国携手走向现代化
They were as strong as
one of Baron James's iron rails.
他们在法国的强势，也一如JAMES男爵的铁轨一般。
'The Rothschilds could afford
to ignore anti-Semitic growling.
同时，罗家也富到了足以无视反犹声浪
'They moved into an urban palace
on the Rue de Monceau
他们搬入位于蒙梭街的豪华宅邸
'and filled it with great art.
往里面堆满了各种高端艺术品
'And where the Rothschilds went,
other wealthy Jews followed.
其他各大犹太家族也尾随而来
'Among those Monceau families was
a great Sephardi dynasty,
在这些蒙梭街犹太富豪中，有源自西班牙系犹太人的
'the Camondos.
Camondos家族
[wiki词条"House of Camondo
'They had come all the way
from Istanbul,
他们的祖上原先寄居在土耳其伊斯坦布尔
'where the patriarch, Abraham,
had created a banking fortune.
族长Abraham Salomon Camondo在奥斯曼帝国内
开创了自己的银行事业并大富大贵
'They spoke Judaeo-Spanish at home,
他们在家说的还是Judaeo-Spanish语
[拉迪诺语 即西班牙犹太人使用的语言 地位类似意第绪语]
'but Abraham's grandsons,
Nissim and Abraham Junior,
不过族长的孙子 Nissim和Abraham Junior
'had been educated in French
受的是法语教育
[该家族后来已经发展到法国]
'and were drawn irresistibly
to French culture.
在思想等各方面都更亲法
'So they moved their bank
and its fortune to Paris,
因此他们将整套事业都移至巴黎
'and their splendour
to the Rue de Monceau.
各种炫目的财富也都搬进了蒙梭街
'There, they went completely native.
在此，他们变成了地道的法国人
'Their Monceau mansion owed nothing
蒙梭街的Camondos豪♥宅♥里看不出
'to the rich culture
of Ottoman Turkey -
半点奥斯曼土耳其的影子
'not a Turkish rug in sight.
甚至连块土耳其地毯都找不到
'The Camondos had committed
themselves heart and soul
Camondos家族从头到脚
'to being French.
都法国化了
'They took the Declaration
Of The Rights Of Man at face value,