犹太人的故事（2013）

他们还从字面上坚信《人♥权♥宣言》
'and assumed it included
their rights too.'
自以为本族的权利也理所应当的包含在内
It looks here, doesn't it, as though
they have been here for generations,
看看这一切... 好似他们已经在法国根植数代
urban aristocrats in Paris,
根本就是巴黎的城市上流对吧？
but in fact, the Camondos
were Johnny-come-latelys.
可是，事实上Camondos家族
They only came here in 1869.
不过是1869年才迁入法国的新移♥民♥
But in some sense, the family
always felt they belonged to France.
只是从某些方面来说，该家族一直觉得他们(早已)属于法兰西
It's been said of them that they
thought of France
有种说法认为他们家将法国
as their Promised Land,
视为自己的"应许之地"
and Paris as their Jerusalem. And
there was a good reason for this.
巴黎就是他们眼中的耶路撒冷。而且他们有充分理由这么想
They saw in France a place,
after all,
他们眼中的法国，毕竟是
where Jews had been emancipated
for the first time in Europe,
彼时欧陆首个犹太人得解放之地，
他们不再受（法律、政♥治♥或社会的）的各种歧视与无理束缚
a place where Jews could prosper
and thrive
在法国， 犹太人可以跻身上流社会
at the heart of high society.
进入核心精英圈子
And once they did come here in the
1870s, they built themselves,
因此，1870年Camondos家族刚入境法国
along with
all the other great Jewish families
就尾随其他犹太豪门
on this street
in the Rue de Monceau,
落户于蒙梭街这个奢华精致的
a place of sumptuous refinement.
犹太富豪社区
They began to collect the furniture,
除了各种豪华装♥修♥
they began to become
great connoisseurs of fine art.
他们还成为高端艺术鉴赏大家
And the hope was that they'd somehow
settle into this world
在他们的愿景中，希望能以某种方式尽量自然的融入法国社会
as a natural piece
of the period of the Belle Epoque.
仿佛他们本来就是Belle Epoque时代的一份子那样
[Belle Epoque时代 法国近代史上一段经济文艺繁荣期 一般认为
是1871年至1914年一战前结束]
And to a large extent, they did,
当然，从某些方面来说他们的确做到了。
but in some ways also
their timing was really awful,
不过从其他方面来说，他们来得非常不是时候
because it was exactly at the time
when this house was going up,
当他们的豪♥宅♥落成之时
when they were filling it with their
extraordinary artistic collection,
当他们忘我的往家里堆砌各种高档艺术品收藏的时候
that French nationalism
was changing,
恰好是法国民族主义风向转变之时。
from a broader,
more cosmopolitan character,
往日的那种国际大都会海纳百川的特点开始消逝
to something narrower,
more strident and more visceral.
让位于狭隘的，更尖刻，和更加内向性的民风
And to those who embodied
this narrower, more tribal view
这种狭隘，部落式的民族眼光 以及它所引导
的所谓"真正♥法♥国人"的理论 开始逐渐被大众接纳
of what it meant to be French,
那么在这些人的眼里
the Camondos were not an admirable,
Camondos家族这样的无论如何都算不上
magnificent instance of everything
that French culture could do.
正宗法国文化里培养出来的可敬 大气之人
They were simply
Jews with a lot of money.
只是一群犹太土豪罢了...
Defeated nations
are dangerous nations,
落败民族危险性更大
prone to paranoia,
易于偏执妄想
and that's exactly what happened
不幸的是，当年事实的确如此
when France was defeated by Prussia
in the war of 1870.
1870年法国在普法战争中败北
The war was followed
by a global stock market crash,
全球股市随之崩♥盘♥
and the financial panic triggered
an outbreak of anti-Semitism.
金融恐慌引爆了一轮反犹风潮
All the medieval cliches
各种关于犹太人的中世纪老梗开始沉渣泛起
about blood-sucking
Jewish moneylenders resurfaced.
犹太人再次被描绘成放印子钱的吸血鬼
The witch's brew
of modern anti-Semitism coagulated
现世反犹主义的温床上滋生出各种恶毒言论
around the demonic figure
of the Jewish banker,
对于那些被妖魔化的犹太银行家群起攻之
undertaking machinations that might
control the European economy.
说他们正在收紧魔爪，阴谋操控欧陆经济神马的...
Now, of course,
实际上呢，
there were, in fact, Quaker bankers,
当时的银行家里各种人都有，既有贵格教♥徒♥
Presbyterian bankers,
也有长老教派
[以上二者皆为基♥督♥教新教派或改良教派，都曾被迫♥害♥]
to say nothing of the Catholic
bankers to His Holiness the Pope.
更遑论罗马教宗座下的那些天主教银行家们
But somehow,
as global capitalism became wired
可是，全球资本主义早已在某种程度上
to speculative businesses
like mining and railways,
开始互相勾连于投机生意，比如开矿和修铁路
and the booms and busts of the world
of finance became sharper,
在投机倒把中此起彼伏的世界金融业也开始变得面目可憎
those who were the victims
of the crashes
在此中遭殃那些人
thought that their predicament
had to have come about
认定自己的困境之"源"
because there were certain people
in the financial world
"必然"是金融业界的某些人一手造成
whose loyalty was to each other,
这些金融"恶棍"抱团结伙
rather than the nations
in which they happened to reside.
对外则予取予求。对驻留国毫无感念
And who, I wonder, could those
certain people be, except the Jews?
这些人到底是谁？ 哦...除了犹太人以外，还能是谁？！
'The term anti-Semitism itself
was an attempt
"反犹主义"这一词条本身就在
[字面义为反闪族主义.]
'to make Jew hatred appear rational
and even scientific.
试图给"仇犹"披上理想甚至于科学的外衣
'Anti-Semites held
that Jews were bound to each other,
"反闪族"学说认为犹太人
'not by their adopted countries,
"只重宗族血脉，对其寄居国则毫无感情"
'but what lay beneath their skin,
而常理来说，应该是生是一国人，死为一国鬼.
'their Jewish blood.
所以只要身上流的是"犹太血"，就不可能知道啥叫"爱国"
[标准本末倒置理论.与某朝不谋而合]
'The runaway bestseller
in late 19th-century France
19世纪末叶的法国有一部恶意值爆表的仇犹主题畅销书
'was also the most vitriolic -
卖♥♥得几乎洛阳纸贵
'Edouard Drumont's La France Juive,
名曰 《La France Juive》---作者Edouard Drumont
'Jewish France.
即 《犹太化的法兰西》
《Jewish France》
'So when it was revealed in 1♥8♥9♥4
书中披露曾有法奸于1♥8♥9♥4年间
'that someone had been passing
military secrets to the Germans,
向德寇出♥卖♥♥♥军事机密
'that someone, of course,
had to be a Jew.
经过"群众""雪亮"的眼睛发现这法奸"果然"是个犹太人
'34-year-old army captain
Alfred Dreyfus
---时年34岁的法军上尉Alfred Dreyfus
[请阅wiki的The Dreyfus affair]
'was a model
of Jewish-French achievement.
此人算是法籍犹裔的成功代表
'His family had been pedlars
in rural Alsace.
其祖上原为法国阿尔萨斯地区的乡下走贩
'Dreyfus had risen through the ranks
of the French army,
而当时的法军颇为独特，允许犹太人位列军官
'which, uniquely at that time,
allowed Jews to serve as officers.
所以Dreyfus参军后，能够靠自身努力在军内步步高升
'But his dreams of service
and advancement were shattered
可惜，1♥8♥9♥4年他被指控向德国出♥卖♥♥♥军情
'when he was accused of sending
military secrets to the Germans.
导致他的前进梦想中途破灭，
'Dreyfus was a victim
of convenience.
他是标准的替罪羊，所谓民♥意♥的受害者
'The handwriting evidence
on which he was convicted was bogus,
军事法庭据以判其有罪的那份手写证据原系伪造
'the identity of the real traitor
covered up.
另一方面，真叛徒倒是隐于幕后
'Dreyfus's public degradation,
获罪之后，在巴黎的军事学院内
[巴黎陆军军官学校？]
'which took place here
at the military academy in Paris,
举♥行♥的对Dryfus的公开降级处理
'brought to the surface
anti-Jewish hatred,
根本就是一场反犹丑剧
'in speeches and in print,
of the most primitive kind.'
涉及其中的言论与宣传都表现的极为粗鄙
"His face is grey,
flattened and base,
"叛徒脸色灰暗，一副衰败卑鄙之相"
"showing no sign of remorse,
"且毫无悔过之意"
"a wreck from the ghetto."
"典型的隔都长出来的废材"
Parisians have always loved
a good public spectacle -
巴黎人性好围观
ugly punishments
as well as joyous moments.
不管遇到的是喜庆佳节还是丑陋刑罚都是趋之若鹜
So the humiliation
of the Jewish officer
更不用说是一场针对犹太裔军官的公开羞辱
was bound to be a crowd pleaser.
当时闻者简直就是喜大普奔
Almost 20,000 people packed
themselves into this great courtyard
到场群众逾2万，把此处(巴黎军事学院的)大院堵了个瓷实