家园（2020）

社会非常希望我们所有人发挥全部潜力 成为最高效的生产机器
Society really wants us all to become the maximum productive units we can be.
为了达到这个目标 他们要求我们
And to do that, they want us to really focus
专注一件事并做到神乎其技的地步
on getting really, really, really good at that one thing.
但我认为这样会把人变成井底之蛙 看不到缤纷的大千世界
But I think it limits your experience of all that the world has to offer.
我是一名律师兼作家
I'm a lawyer and a writer.
我靠写小说谋生
And I make stuff up for a living.
我喜欢写科幻小说
I gravitated toward writing science fiction
因为我不必成为专家 便可以重新创作整个世界
because you can reinvent the entire world without being a specialist.
所以我想建一座房♥子
And so, I wanted to build a house
它要能令人们有看到奇迹的感觉
that could actively generate the sense of wonder
并在我们这个反乌托邦中 努力创造一些乐土
and to try to make some amount of utopia from the dystopia we find.
这是一件很容易相信的事
It's sort of an easy thing to believe...
但却不是一件容易实现的事
but it's not an easy thing to undertake.
（得克萨斯州 奥斯汀）
我认为家始于我们居住的土地
To me, home starts with the land on which we live,
包括我们与地球上
with the environment that we share
全部其他生物共享的环境
with all of the other living creatures on this earth.
我觉得此时我们有机会
And I think that we have an opportunity,
（房♥主、律师兼科幻小说作家 克里斯布朗）
去重新调整我们与自然的关系
at this juncture, to retune our relationship with nature.
放眼美国与全世界
Throughout the whole United States and the world,
土地已经不再被视为是家园、空间
land is no longer looked at as a home, as a space.
（地球资源保护组织 总监 苏珊娜阿曼扎）
土地被视为一种投资 一种地♥产♥投资
It's looked at as an investment, a real estate investment.
但地球是个有机生命体
But the earth is a living organism.
当人们不断地将土地铺成公路
So when you're constantly paving over everything,
地球该如何呼吸？它该如何运作？
how does that earth breathe, how does it function?
后果不容乐观
The consequences are not good.
这里的人们已经与自然和谐共存了几千年
Populations had lived here for thousands of years in harmony with nature.
（地球资源保护组织 协调人 丹尼尔亚内斯）
而不是将其占有
Not on top of it.
克里斯的房♥子设立了一个模板
Chris's house is setting the template.
重点不是他建了什么 而是他的建造方法
His approach, it's not like what he built but how he went about doing it.
房♥子没有建在土地上
He didn't sit on top of the earth.
而是依偎在大地的怀抱中
He's nestled in it.
房♥子真正的魔力 是它与周围的景观完美融合
The real magic of the house is that it's so integrated with the landscape
（美国建筑师协会会员 《得州建筑师》杂♥志♥编辑 巴特肖）
让人不知道那里有什么
that you don't really know what's there
直到沿这条路走下去才能发现
until you sort of take this path and discover it.
看起来就像座小山
It sort of looks like a hill.
只有走近了才能看出景色的中断
And you can't see the break until you start moving towards it.
靠近之后会进入一个裂口
As you get closer, you sort of enter that rift
走下去便会进入这彰显灵感之地
and descend down into this manifestation of an idea.
结构、部件、玻璃和钢材
The architecture, the components, the glass and the steel,
是其他地方也能见到的
you could find in other places.
但其独特之处在于故事与空间的交汇
But it's this intersection of story and space.
在这里显得独一无二
I think it's completely unique to the site.
它牺牲了人类的需求 不仅为了与自然融为一体
It satisfies a human need not only to commune with nature...
也为了对人与自然的关系进行深思
but to really contemplate man's relationship to it.
（得克萨斯州 奥斯汀 边缘地带之屋）
这里是东奥斯汀
We're in East Austin.
奥斯汀被35号♥高速路分为东西两个部分
So there is Highway 35 that divides Austin between west and east.
这里是墨西哥裔美国人和非裔美国人社区
And it's where the Mexican-American and African-American community
居住了几十年的地方
has resided for decades.
整个这一片地区有大量工业用地
But all of this particular area, it had heavy industry.
所以底下有许多管道
So you had the underground pipes that went all the way
将地面♥积♥水一直排到科罗拉多河里去
and dumped the runoff into the Colorado River.
若不是我邻居们的付出 这座房♥子就不可能存在
This home literally could not exist if it hadn't been for the work of my neighbors.
（奥斯汀 东奥斯汀 科罗拉多河）
在得克萨斯州的东奥斯汀 有很多巨大的储存罐向周围居民区泄露
East Austin, Texas, huge storage tanks leaking into neighborhoods.
（全国新闻报道）
附近的住家已被污染
Homes nearby have been contaminated.
（危险 苯 癌症危害）
这些居民区里的黑人与棕色人种
All these neighborhoods of black and brown people
（得克萨斯州 东奥斯汀）
住在所谓的储罐农场附近 那都是些汽油储存设施
lived around what's called tank farms, gasoline storage facilities.
人们患上了各种癌症
People had all types of cancers.
州政♥府♥对此视而不见
And the state kind of played a blind eye.
他们做了一些测试后发现
They did some testing and they found out
这里是全州污染第二严重的地区
that it was the second-most toxic site in the state.
（为了利益而污染）
在东边土生土长的家庭
Families that grew up here on the east side
开始对市政♥府♥施压
began to push against the city.
（家园不是陵园）
证据确凿 我们成功关闭了有毒的储罐农场
There was proof, and we were able to close down the toxic tank farm.
我找到这片地区时
When I found this area,
我想：“这是个没被人类触碰的瑰宝”
I thought, "Oh, this is some precious little gem untouched by humanity."
不 其实这里是一块有废弃原油管道的地
No. In fact, it's a lot with an abandoned petroleum pipeline.
没人愿意买♥♥
The thing nobody would want to buy.
算不上是美国的梦想之地
Not exactly America's dream lot.
但我想让我住的房♥子 清楚地表达对输油管道的纪念
But then, I wanted to live in a house that articulated this memory of the pipeline.
在设计与建造这座房♥子的早期
Early on, during the process of designing this home and building it,
（柏希陈工作室 首席建筑师 托马斯柏希）
我就知道这位客户想要挑战极限
I knew this was a client that would want to push the envelope.
输油管道这个委托
The commissioning of the pipeline
（管道地役权）
是设计蓝图的重要起点
is an important starting point of the design,
因为我们必须把管道挖出来
because we have to unearth this pipeline.
所以我们等于是在地面上留下了一道疤痕
So we're basically creating this scar in the landscape.
这让我们想道：“既然要做挖掘
And so that made us think, "Well, if we're doing this excavation,
为什么不考虑把这个座房♥子的建筑结构 打造成远古的坑屋？
why not think of this architecture, this house, as the ancient pit houses
再用现代风格来诠释这种典范”
and do a modern interpretation of this archetype."
（西南部美国原住民坑屋）
把房♥屋的前端埋起来
Burying the front of the house,
是创造庇护所的终极方法
which is the ultimate way to create shelter
可以抵御风吹日晒的侵蚀
and to protect yourself from the harsh elements.
我们还从日本折纸艺术中 借鉴了一点几何结构
We also work a little bit on the geometry through origami fold.
日本折纸工艺
The Japanese technique of folding,
给了我们灵感 让我们做出这个复杂的几何结构
that's really how we arrive at this complex geometry.
我想建一座
I wanted to build a house
不遵循住房♥资产规则的房♥子
that didn't follow capital's rules of how a home should work
不去将再销♥售♥价值最大化
to maximize resale value.
它既要有一些大胆的设计
It's not afraid to take a few risks,
同时又要表现出谦和的气质
at the same time being, in a way, kind of modest.
这座房♥子其实很小
The house is actually quite small.
120平方米 这在得克萨斯州是不可想象的
It's 1,300 square feet, which, in Texas, is unthinkable.
但克里斯的生活方式和居家理念
But Chris's life and idea of how to dwell
对空间的利用率很高
is not wasteful in space.
我认为这房♥子的哲学价值大于其经济价值
I think it was more philosophical than economical.
我们该如何在这座小房♥子里 创造一个舒适的空间？
So how do we create this comfortable space within this small house?
得克萨斯州有一句老话
There's an old saying in Texas:
永远不要让现实成为达成目标的障碍
You never let the truth get in the way of a good story.
但这一次的目标很真实
But in this case, the story's real.
这座房♥子地面以上的部分 告诉人们它的下面发生了什么
This house above ground is really telling what took place underneath it,
那是对环境的破坏
this disturbance in the environment.
真正能看到的
So, the line that you really see
是将房♥子一分为二的裂缝
is this rift that forms these two halves of the house,
这显而易见
and that's what's on display.
这目标难度很大
That's not an easy thing to do.
也只有克里斯才能想出这样一座房♥子
It only could have been Chris to conceive of a house like this
并愿意彻底打破普通的生活方式
and to be game for flipping your normal way of living on its head.
他有一种天真无邪的魅力
He has this Boy Scout charm.
他就像一个住在森林里的小精灵
He's like a little forest nymph.
那是克里斯的一面
So that's the one side of Chris.
他的另一面有一点黑暗 是他写作的动力
The other side is a little darker. It's the thing that drives his writing.
（房♥主、艺术家兼设计师 阿古斯蒂娜罗德里格斯）
他几乎是透过愤世嫉俗的眼镜在看世界
It's the thing that sees the world through almost this lens of cynicism.
我认为那是我们共同的特质
And I think that's something that we both share.
我从小在爱荷华州得梅因长大
I grew up in Des Moines, Iowa.
那是个典型的中西部小镇
Typical, kind of Pleasantville, Midwestern reality.
我是个书呆子 整天都在看书
I was kind of a nerd. I had my nose in books all the time.
我看了很多1970年代的烂电视节目 智商都被拉低了
And I watched enough bad 1970s television to melt several brains.
我一直想要逃离无聊的状态
I was constantly trying to escape boredom.
然后他们开始修建高速公路
And then they started building the freeway.
可以去探索的地区多了起来
So, it kind of opened up these areas where you could explore,
因为高速路途径许多树林
'cause there were these woods they were punching through.
我的童年时光 很多都用来探索这些边缘之地了
And I spent a lot of my childhood just exploring those wild edgelands.
有一位英语老师开设了一门自然写作课