与摩根·弗里曼一起穿越虫洞（2010）

Through The Wormhole With Morgan Freeman S04E08

Part 6 April 19, 2021, 2:54 p.m.

Think of everything in the universe as bits of information,
就像这面墙上存放的书籍
like the information stored in the books on this wall.
当把书这么整齐地放着
When the books lie flat like this,
就呈现出二维的性质
they appear two-dimensional.
但如果我拿出一本
But, of course, when I pull them out,
我们就看到这些书其实是三维的
we see that the books are three-dimensional at heart.
信息也是三维的
The information is three-dimensional.
全息原理告诉我们不仅仅这是幻象
The holographic principle says that this is an illusion --
你、我、地球、星辰都是幻象
not just this, but you, me, the earth, the stars,
甚至空间本身
even space itself --
一切三维的东西
everything that's three-dimensional
实际上都只是幻象
is actually an illusion.
真正的现实就是墙上的书
The true reality is the books lining the wall.
真♥相♥以二维的形式存在
The true reality lives in two dimensions.
这就解释了为什么量子物体对于我们来说如此模糊
And this explains why quantum objects look fuzzy to us.
它们只是投影
They are projections
实际并不存在于三维空间中
that don't actually exist in three-dimensional space.
我们认为现在的三维世界
And what we think of as this three-dimensional world
仅是从宇宙中的某个表面上
is just a holographic projection
投射出来的全息影像
from a surface somewhere in the universe
成为了我们看到的空间
to create the space we see.
这样的话，柏拉图的囚犯就是正确的
It's as if Plato's prisoners had it right all along.
影子才是真实的
The shadows are real.
影子以外的都是幻影
What's behind them was the illusion.
现在还没有办法证明
Right now, there is no way to prove
全息原理是否是
whether the holographic principle
对真实的正确描述
is the genuine description of reality
还是理论物理学家所共同持有的错觉
or the shared delusion of theoretical physicists.
但也许有另一种解释
But there may be another explanation
来说明量子论的不可思议
for quantum weirdness.
真实如此模糊的原因
What if reality gets blurry
是因为它从未存在过吗？
because it was never there to begin with?
一些科学家认为
Some scientists say
现实是一个故意创造的幻象
our reality could be a deliberately created illusion.
通过科学的工具
Using the tools of science,
我们只能一瞥这巨大结构的一小部分
we catch glimpses of the vast structure of creation.
有太多的我们无法看到
There is so much we cannot see.
为什么找出真♥相♥如此困难？
Why is the truth so hard to find?
也许是因为我们生存的宇宙
Perhaps it's because the universe we live in
只是一个更大真实的一小部分
is just a small part of a larger reality...
我们都只生活在梦中的世界
And we are all just living in a world of dreams.
你是否做过递归梦
Have you ever had a recursive dream...
就是梦中有梦又有梦？
...a dream with a dream within a dream?
简·韦斯特霍夫就做过
Jan Westerhoff has.
根据他所知道的，他可能还在梦中
And for all he knows, he might still be dreaming.
或者你现在正在梦着这些
Or you might be dreaming this.
你如何知道今天早上你醒来
How do you know whether waking up this morning
是真正的清醒？
was actually a real awakening?
也许你只是从另一个梦中醒来
Perhaps you just woke up into another dream.
你应该对此担心的原因
The reason why you should worry about this
正是因为有很大的可能性表明
is that there is actually a significant chance
我们现在正在做梦
that we are dreaming right now.
我们来算一下
Let's do the numbers.
根据简的说法
According to Jan,
大多数人每天需要8小时睡眠，16个小时处于清醒状态
most people spend 8 hours asleep and 16 hours awake every day.
睡眠中大约有20%的时间处于
About 20% of sleep is spent in the r.E.M. State,
快速眼动睡眠期
when you dream.
8的20%，就是1.6，这表示
20% of 8 is 1.6, which means...
我们知道在这个时期中
We know that, at this very moment,
此时你有十分之一的机会正在做梦
you have a 1 in 10 chance of dreaming right now,
这的确是一个很高的可能性
which is actually quite a significant probability.
简其实也并不相信自己生活在梦境
Jan doesn't actually believe he lives in a dreamworld,
但作为英格兰杜伦大学的哲学家
but as a philosopher at the University of Durham in England,
他的工作就是对事物为什么是这样进行提问
his job is to question how and why things are the way they are.
不论概率数字是多少
And despite what the numbers say,
逻辑会告诉你你可能并不是在睡觉
logic tells you you are probably not asleep.
如果这是梦境
If this was a dreamworld,
为什么会被因果关系所束缚？
why would it be bound by the laws of causality?
为什么狂暴的火龙不会来到伦敦
Why don't fire-breathing dragons go rampaging through London,
摧毁这座城市？
destroying the city?
好吧，这是不可能的
Well, they don't.
你看到的都只是幻象
What you saw was just an illusion.
现实要遵守一系列严格的规则
Reality follows a strict set of rules,
即使在量子层面会有些模糊
even though it gets a little blurry at the quantum level.
这又如何解释呢？
What might explain that?
也许我们生活在由高层次现实
Well, perhaps we are living in a simulation
模拟的真实中
made by a higher-order reality.
换句话说，现实可能并不是梦境
In other words, reality may not be a dream,
但很可能是一种计算机模拟
but it could be a computer simulation.
想象这么一个时间，也许从现在开始几个世纪后
Imagine a time, perhaps centuries from now,
当我们的后代有能力
when our descendants have the power
用计算机构建人脑全部功能的模型时
to model fully functional human brains in computers.
这些模拟的思维就存在于
These simulated minds could be placed
计算机模拟世界中
in computer-simulated worlds,
也许甚至可以重建过去
perhaps even re-creations of the past.
他们永远不会知道他们并不是真实的
They would never know they weren't real.
假如这一切早已发生了呢？
What if this has already happened?
我们如何知道我们所处的当代
How do we know that the present year we are in here
的确是真实的，而不是过去的重放
is actually the original rather than some sort of rerun
真实过去发生的那些奇怪事件可能已经被修改
where some weird event in the past had been changed
成为了我们现在看到的过去真实的分枝？
just to see what kind of ramifications it had?
无论你是否相信
Believe it or not,
有这么一个几率表明，我们都是这个巨型模拟中的一部分
there is a chance we are all part of a giant simulation.
想象一下，比如说，我买♥♥到了一幅达利的画
Imagine, for example, that I buy a dalí print.
我很激动
I get really excited about this
因为我很喜欢里面融软的钟
because I just love melting clocks.
现在问题就是根据专业人士判断
Now the problem here is that, according to experts,
市场上约90%达利的画都是假的
about 90% of all dalí prints on the market are fake.
所以我的这幅画是假的的概率为0.9
So the chance that I've got a fake here is 0.9.
我们的世界有多大的可能性是假的呢？
What are the odds that our world is a fake?
有人说高达二十分之一
Some say as high as 1 in 20.
但简认为可能性并不重要
But Jan says the percentage isn't important.
如果你有可能是被模拟出来的
If there is any chance at all that you are simulated,
那么你就不能排除
then you can't dismiss the possibility
你就是被模拟出来的
that you are simulated.
但问题就在这儿
But here is the thing --
就算一切都是梦，又有什么关系呢？
even if this is all a dream, does it really matter?
即使这是一块梦中的蛋糕
Even if this is just a dream cake
我用梦中的钱买♥♥下了它，它尝起来仍然很不错
and I paid for it with dream money, it still tastes great.
假定这一切都顺理成章
So presupposing this all continues,
那么是梦还是模拟还有什么关系吗？
does it really matter whether it's a dream or a simulation?
我仍然能规划我的生活，因产生果
I can still plan my life, causes will have effects,
做出行为就造成结果
and actions will have consequences.
现实是真实的吗？
Is reality real?
看起来当然是真实的
It certainly seems real to us.
但现在我们知道，我们所感知到的现实
But we now know the reality we perceive
仅仅只是真实的一小部分
is just a small slice of what really is.
可能最终这不重要
And, perhaps, in the long run, that doesn't matter.
对我们来说最重要的是我们所知晓的那部分真实
What matters most to us is the reality we know.
正如哲学家皇帝马可·奥勒留
As the philosopher-king Marcus Aurelius wrote
两千年前所写的，“宇宙是变化的
2,000 years ago, "The universe is change.
我们的生活取决于我们心态。”
Our life is what our thoughts make it."