与摩根·弗里曼一起穿越虫洞（2010）

Through The Wormhole With Morgan Freeman S04E06

Part 4 April 19, 2021, 2:53 p.m.

也是通过你们头上放置的传感器
We do that by putting sensors on the scalp,
随着你们的认知状态
and as you move through
与精神状态的变化
different cognitive states and mental states,
你们脑中的电流频率也会改变
the electronic frequencies of your brain will change,
我们实时把这些变化记录下来并进行分♥析♥
and we can record those in real time and analyze them.
每位业余选手多次集中注意力并放松来达到集中状态
Each amateur focuses and relaxes to reach the zone.
克里斯的监视器记录下了他们的脑电波
Chris' monitor records their brain waves,
在他们领子上还有一个小型触觉蜂鸣器
and a small haptic buzzer on their collar
可以让他们知道自己达到了
lets them know when they've achieved
和职业选手一样的大脑状态
the same brain state as the professional.
我们看到脑电图中α波和θ波增强
We're seeing the e.E.G. Alpha increase and theta increase.
触觉蜂鸣器停下来了
The haptic buzzer stopped,
现在他开始准备射出完美一箭
and now he's ready to take the perfect shot.
开始吧，辛恩
Go ahead, Shane.
这非常完美。这非常完美
That was perfect. That was perfect.
这的确是目标
That's exactly the goal.
通过一天的练习
By the end of only one day of practice,
克里斯的技术入侵了这组业余人士的思维
Chris' technology hacked the minds of a group of amateurs
让他们以专家或接近专家的职业水平射箭
to shoot at or close to a professional level of expertise.
我们能够证明的是
And what we're able to demonstrate
在箭术训练中提升了230%的
is a 230% increase in the speed and accuracy
速度和准度
of marksmanship training.
克里斯看到了她大脑入侵设备的
Chris sees no end of potential customers
无尽的潜在顾客
for her brain-hacking device --
一个需要作出明智群体决策的董事会
A corporate board that needs to make smart group decisions,
一个需要最佳表现的董事长
a president who needs peak performance,
或是一名特种部队队员需要在瞬间
or a special-forces operative whose split-second choices
作出导致生死的选择
make the difference between life and death.
我们想要做的就是赋予你
What we're trying to do is to give you the ability
控制自己思维和精神状态的能力
to control your mind and your mental state,
在最有挑战性的环境中
your ability to deal with
处理事情的能力
even the most challenging environments,
这些只是通过训练你来控制自己的大脑
and just by training you to control your brain,
你就能够获得这种元认知意识
you get this kind of metacognitive awareness
允许你更富有弹性
that allows you to be much more resilient
更能适应压力环境
and adaptable to stressful situations.
如果我们能够黑入自己的大脑来增强我们的才能
If we can hack into our own brains to amplify our talents,
那还有什么能够阻止我们黑入别人的大脑？
what's stopping us from hacking into the brains of other people?
一个思维能够改动另一个思维认为的现实吗？
Could one mind reprogram the reality of another?
我们来做个实验
Let's do an experiment.
闭上你的眼
Close your eyes.
保持闭眼状态
Keep them closed.
现在想象一下你独自走在沙漠中
Now imagine you're alone in the desert
你的喉咙和嘴巴因干渴感到肿胀
and your throat and mouth are swollen with thirst.
现在再想象喝一杯清凉的水
Now think about drinking a cool glass of water.
睁开你的眼
Open your eyes.
有没有感到精力恢复了？
Do you feel refreshed?
如果感到了
If you do,
我刚刚就黑入了你的思维，改动了你的知觉
I just hacked into your mind and altered your perception.
斯坦福的戴维·施皮格尔并不是位典型的精神病学家
Stanford's David Spiegel is not your typical psychiatrist.
他帮助他的病人战胜困难
He helps his patients overcome their struggles
通过一种对于一位大学医生来说
through a technique that is controversial
还仍有争议的技术
for a university doctor --
催眠术
Hypnosis.
催眠术是一种高度注意力集中的形式
Hypnosis is a form of highly focused attention
加上一种能够让人们离解、
coupled with an ability to dissociate,
或脱离于自觉意识之外的能力
or put outside of conscious awareness,
而这些通常都是意识中的
things that would ordinarily be in consciousness
而且还对社会暗示或暗示感受性有较强反应
and a heightened response to social cues or suggestibility.
催眠是高度注意力集中的
And hypnosis is highly focused attention.
它被称作是信任想象
It's been called believed-in imagination.
戴维想要知道
David wanted to know
人们被催眠时如何感知世界的
how people perceived the world when hypnotized,
于是他设计了一个实验，来看看那些
so he has designed an experiment to look at the brains of people
能够自我催眠的人的大脑
who have the ability to hypnotize themselves.
好的，凯蒂，你感觉还好么？
Okay, Katie, you doing all right?
- 是的。 - 很好
- Yep. - Good.
现在一切顺利
All right, now,
我们将要进入一种自我催眠状态
we're gonna go into a state of self-hypnosis now.
嗯
Uh-huh.
现在我希望你能放松，闭上眼
So now I want your eyes to be relaxed and closed,
想象你的身体安全舒适的漂浮着
and imagine your body floating somewhere safe and comfortable,
像是在浴盆、湖中、热水浴缸，或是漂浮在太空中
like a bath, a lake, a hot tub, or just floating in space.
每次轻松地深呼吸
Each breath deeper and easier.
身体安全又舒服地漂着
Body floating safe and comfortable.
她一进入催眠中
Once she is under hypnosis,
戴维就向凯蒂展示各种颜色的格子
David shows Katie a grid of colors.
你现在能看到什么颜色？说出来几个
What colors do you see now? Just name a few.
有一个黄色方框，几个绿色方框和一个紫色方框
很好
Good.
凯蒂能够感知颜色格子
Katie perceives the color grid,
她的梭状回仍然活跃
and her fusiform gyrus lights up.
当我们分辨颜色时，大脑的这个部分开始活跃
This part of the brain becomes active whenever we see color.
但由于凯蒂处于催眠状态
But because Katie's under hypnosis,
戴维现在可以篡改她的感觉
David can now tamper with her senses.
现在，我要你把你面前的
And now I want you to drain the color
图像中的颜色抹去
from the image in front of you
这样你开始看到的只有灰色、白色和黑色
so that what you start to see is just gray, white, and black.
只是消去这些颜色
Just drain away the color.
保持这种注意力集中的状态，凯蒂
Now again, remaining in this state of concentration, Katie,
请告诉我你现在看到的图像是什么样子的
please tell me what the image looks like to you now.
好
那个蓝色的现在看起来是灰的
所有的格子都变灰了50%
- 很好。 - 是的
- Good. - Yeah.
对于凯蒂身体来说，颜色并没变化
Physically, the color image has not changed,
戴维现在再次扫描她的梭状回
but David now takes another scan of Katie's fusiform gyrus.
我们现在看的是的确活跃起来的
So, we're looking now at the regions of the brain
脑部区域
that actually light up,
因为当他们看彩色图的时候比
because there's more blood flow when they're looking at color
看黑白图像时这里的血流量要大
than when they're looking at black and white.
这是他们看彩色图像时
Here is what the blood flow was
脑部这些区域的血流量
when they were really looking at color,
这里是当他们看着彩色图案
and here's the blood flow when they were looking at color
但让他们认为颜色被消除变成黑白图案时的血流量
but drained it of color and saw it as black and white.
即使她仍然看的是彩色图案
Even though she's still looking at a color image,
流经凯蒂梭状回的血流量减少了
the blood flow to Katie's fusiform gyrus is decreasing.
这证明了她的大脑
It is proof that her brain
在戴维的暗示下关闭了
is turning off her ability to see color
她看到颜色的能力
at David's suggestion.
她能够认知的图像变成了黑白图案
The image she perceives is becoming black and white.
戴维认为催眠使得凯蒂的大脑
David believes that hypnosis opened up Katie's brain
进行了重新编排
for reprogramming.
他的想法侵入到了她的思维中
His thoughts hacked into her mind
并成为了她真实的生活经历
and became her real living experience.
我们倾向于认为大脑先对原始信息进行处理
We tend to think that the brain processes raw information
然后我们才能够理解
and we make sense of it afterwards,
但这个实验证明了
but it turns out,
尤其是对于催眠研究的实验
especially in studies of hypnosis,
我们能够重置大脑
that we can reset the brain,
我们能够改变
that we can change the way
大脑认知信息的方式
the brain actually perceives information,
所以对于同样的信息输入大脑并不是分开处理的
so it's not that it reacts differently to the same input.
而是从信息输入时就已经改变了
It changes what the input is.
戴维的工作表明了当处于催眠状态时
David's work suggests that while under hypnosis,
我们大脑认知现实的方式可以被改变
the way our brains perceive reality is altered.
我的一个学生也和我在做催眠方面的研究
I had a student who was doing research with me on hypnosis
他也是橄榄球队的天才运动员
who is also a really talented athlete for the football team.
他很棒，而且他很容易进入催眠状态
He was terrific, and he was very hypnotizable,
我就和他说
and I would say to him,
“那么你在这种状态下比赛时是什么感觉？”
"So, what's going on when you're playing like this?"
他说，“医生，当我表现不错的那天
he said, "Doc, when I'm having a good day,