了解宇宙是如何运行的（2010）

How the Universe Works S08E09

Part 1 Jan. 30, 2022, 2:59 p.m.

地球正带着我们踏上生命之旅
narrator: The earth is taking us
on the ride of our lives,
以我们从未想象过的方式在太空中飞驰
hurtling through space
in ways we never imagined.
地球是极其动态的
The earth is extremely dynamic.
它在自己的轴上旋转
It is spinning on its axis.
它绕着太阳旋转
It's whirling about the sun.
在整个银河系中盘旋
It's corkscrewing
throughout this galaxy.
这从来都不是有无聊的时刻
It's just never a dull moment.
这就像是在高速列车上有个旋转木马
It's like doing a waltz
on top of a carousel
我们在木马上跳华尔兹
that's on top
of a high-speed train.
现在我们正在揭开地球之旅的秘密
Narrator:
Now we're unlocking the secrets
并发现地球之旅影响着
of our planet's voyage and
discovering that earth's journey
我们所有人
affects us all.
♪
我们随处可见这种运动的证据
we see evidence of this motion
everywhere we look,
不仅是在天空中运动的物体
not just in the motions
of objects in the sky,
而且陆地和海洋本身也在运动
but in the land
and the seas themselves.
如果我们置身于太空中位置
Life on earth
wouldn't be the same
不是那么的戏剧性
if we didn't find ourselves
地球上的生命将不会是现在这个样子
in this dramatic environment
in space.
♪
但是这个历程可能很危险……
narrator: But the ride
can be dangerous...
♪
[爆♥炸♥]
[ explosion ]
会使我们的星球陷入深深的冰冻中……
plunging our planet
into the deep freeze...
[冰裂]
[ ice cracking ]
会使我们处于超新星的轨道上
putting us in the path
of supernovas,
♪
将地球和整个星系推向未知
pulling earth and the entire
galaxy toward the unknown.
银河系在太空中穿行
The galaxy is traveling
through space.
它要去哪里？
Where is it going?
这是一个真正的宇宙之谜
It's an area of really
cosmic mystery.
所以，为地球的宇宙之旅做好准备吧
Narrator: So strap in for
earth's cosmic journey.
[电噼啪声]
[ electricity crackles ]
[爆♥炸♥]
[ explosion ]
宇宙是如何运行的
第八季第9集地球死亡轨道
♪
我们是地球的乘客因为我们的家园
we are earth's passengers
as our home planet
正在宇宙中旅行
travels through the cosmos.
♪
对我们来说，一切似乎都很平静
to us, everything seems calm.
没有什么比这更安全的了
Nothing could be further
from the truth.
然而与你根据日常经验
Contrary to what you might think
所认为的恰恰相反
just based on your
everyday experience,
地球实际上以各种不同的方式
the earth is actually
hurtling through space
以惊人的速度在太空中飞驰
at amazing speeds
in a lot of different ways.
[蟋蟀鸣叫]
[ crickets chirping ]
即使只看见夜晚星星在天空中运动
even just the motion of the
stars through the sky at night
也能让你知道地球不是静止不动的
gives you a clue that the earth
is not sitting still.
♪
地球每时每刻都在自转
the earth is spinning
at every moment,
这一点我们可以从
and we can see this most clearly
in the fact
有白天和黑夜的事实中看得最清楚
that we have day and night.
我们可能不会去想它
Narrator:
We might not think about it,
当地球在太空中旋转时
but our lives are tuned
我们的生活与地球的旅程是相适应的
to earth's journey
as it spins through space.
♪
对我们来说，没有什么
there's really nothing
more basic to us
比昼夜循环，24小时循环更基本的了
than that cycle of day
and night, that 24-hour cycle.
地球上所有的生命都是随着昼夜循环而进化的
All of life on earth evolved
with the day-night cycle,
所以它根植于这个星球上的每一个生物中
so it's ingrained into
every organism on this planet.
♪
生命的进化
narrator:
Life evolved in lockstep
与地球的自转步调一致
with earth's spinning motion.
♪
但在海洋中，珊瑚则更进一步
but in the ocean, corals
take things a step further
♪
它们记录了每一次行星的旋转
by keeping a record
of every planetary turn.
♪
它们有一个每天循环的周期，会产生一种沉积物
they have a daily cycle,
which creates a deposit
就像树木的年轮一样
almost like a tree ring,
但它不是一年一次，而是一天一次
but instead of it being
once a year, it's once a day.
所以，你看一堆树的年轮
So, you look a bunch
of tree rings,
你可以数出这棵树活了多少年
you can count the number
of years the tree was alive.
♪
而珊瑚不仅记录每年的循环
corals record not just
the yearly cycle,
还记录每天的昼夜循环
but the daily cycle
of night and day.
这些都记录在珊瑚中的
These are recorded
in these little growth bands
这些小生长带中
in the coral.
通过计算珊瑚的生长带
Narrator: By counting
the corals' growth bands,
我们可以计算出一年的天数
we can work out
the number of days in a year.
听起来很简单，但当我们观察古老的珊瑚化石时
Sounds simple, but when we look
at ancient, fossilized coral,
我们发现了一些奇怪的东西
we discover something strange.
我们可以观察
We can look at fossils of corals
有数亿年历史的珊瑚化石
that are hundreds of millions
of years old,
如果我们仔细数的话，我们会发现一年并不是365天
and if we do that, we find that
the year is not 365 days long.
好象是420天
It's more like 420 days long.
♪
当古代珊瑚还活着的时候
narrator: When the
ancient corals were alive,
地球一年有420天
there were 420 days
in one earth year,
♪
这意味着一天只有21个小时
meaning a day
was just 21 hours long.
♪
为了弄清楚这到底是怎么回事
to find out how
this was possible,
我们需要回到地球宇宙之旅的起点
we need to go back to the start
of earth's cosmic journey.
♪
46亿年前
4.6 billion years ago,
我们的星球在一个混乱而充满暴♥力♥的
our planet traveled
a dangerous path
太阳系中经历了一条危险的道路
through a chaotic
and violent solar system.
♪
[爆♥炸♥]
[ explosion ]
碰撞是经常发生的
collisions were frequent.
♪
一次巨大的撞击使我们的星球快速旋转……
one giant impact set our planet
spinning rapidly...
[爆♥炸♥]
[ explosion ]
♪
♪
形成了月球
and formed the moon.
回到月球形成的时候
Going all the way back to
the time that the moon formed,
地球的一天可能只有两个半小时
the earth may have had a day
as short as 2 1/2 hours.
♪
随着地球继续在早期太阳系的
narrator: As the earth
continued on its path