冰冻星球（2011）

They stand in the bitter cold, while 100 metres below them
却是一个温度超过一千摄氏度的熔岩湖
is a lava lake where temperatures are over a thousand degrees centigrade.
一般情况下很难见到
This is a rare glimpse of
这种位于地壳下的岩浆
the molten rock that lies beneath the earth's crust.
但在这里研究 要朝下看也要向上观察
But research here is looking up as well as down,
衡量汩汩涌出火山的气体
measuring how the gases that bubble out of the volcano
如何影响了我们呼吸着的空气成分
influence the make-up of the air we breathe.
南极洲是测量大气层变化的最佳位置
Antarctica is the best place to measure any changes in our atmosphere
因为这里的空气污染程度最轻
because it has the least polluted air on Earth.
对于其他探索宇宙的工作
It's also the perfect place
这里也是个完美的实行地
to launch more outward-looking missions.
这个气球
This balloon,
由与聚乙烯膜一样厚的材料做成
made of material no thicker than Clingfilm,
最终将膨胀至三百米高
will eventually grow to be 300 metres tall.
它将携带一个装置 用于探测宇宙射线
It will carry a device for detecting cosmic rays,
和微量粒子 诞生于时间之初
tiny particles from the beginning of time
至今才到达地球
that are only now reaching earth.
这个气球将飞到外太空的边缘
The balloon will travel to the very edge of outer space
搜集宇宙形成的线索
to gather clues about the formation of the universe.
即使是现在
Even today,
我们极少从海滨向内陆探索
very few ever make the journey inland from the coast,
仍旧对大♥陆♥的内部所知寥寥
we still know remarkably little about the interior of the continent.
在这架飞机里
The people on this plane are
人们试图解开一个重要难题
trying to answer one of the fundamental questions.
南极存有多少冰
How much ice is there in Antarctica?
他们利用雷达测量冰盖的厚度
They measure the depth of the ice sheet,
在某些地方 其厚度超过4000米
which is over 4,000 metres in places, using radar.
探冰雷达
他们的工作使得我们可以
Their work will enable us to see
知晓未来南极冰量的变化情况
how the volume of Antarctica's ice changes in the future.
这也令绘制冰下地貌图成为可能
It also makes it possible to map a hidden landscape.
飞机沿着一百年前
This plane is following the same route
斯科特船长的探险线路
through the Trans-Antarctic Mountains
越过南极横断山脉
that Captain Scott took a hundred years ago.
他的探险队拉着雪橇
His team hauled their sleds over
跋涉百公里 抵达比尔德莫尔冰川
a hundred miles up this glacier, the Beardmore.
绕过数不胜数的冰隙 既无地图指引
Skirting seemingly endless crevasses, with no map to guide them
又不知前方的状况
and no idea of what lay ahead,
那堪称一段艰辛异常的旅程
it was a journey of extraordinary suffering.
他们的目的地位于山脉另一侧
Their target lay beyond the mountains,
坐落在海拔3000多米的南极冰原上
over 3,000 metres above sea level, on the Antarctic Plateau.
这是一片面♥积♥超过西欧的完整冰盖
An unbroken sheet of ice, larger than Western Europe,
是地球上最寒冷 风力最大
this is the coldest, the windiest,
生命最难以存活的地域
the most lifeless place on Earth.
罗尔德·阿蒙森的探险队小胜斯科特
Roald Amundsen's team narrowly defeated Scott's to become
1911年12月14日 他们代表人类
the first people to reach the South Pole
首次抵达南极点
on the 14th of December 1911.
此后近50年间 终未有人
Nobody else successfully completed the journey
再次成功完成这一壮举
for nearly 50 years after that.
不过 自1957年起
But, since 1957,
南极点便设立了一个永久性基地
there has been a permanent base at the South Pole.
甚至可以在这里冰质跑道起降飞机
You can even land a plane on the ice runway.
地理南极点
早期的探险家定会为
The early explorers would be
南极如今的设施大为惊叹
astounded by the facilities at the South Pole today.
在夏季平均气温仅为零下25度的环境中
Construction work isn't easy when the average summer temperature
施工并非易事
is minus 25 degrees Centigrade.
然而 尽管存在诸多困难
But, despite the difficulties,
史上最为先进的科学研究站
the most high-tech scientific research station
还是于2006年在此顺利竣工
ever built was unveiled here in 2006.
全新的阿蒙森·斯科特南极站旨在
The brand new Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station is designed to
应对全球最为严苛的气候条件
cope with the world's most extreme conditions.
建筑外的斜边可以引导盛行风转向
The building's sloping edge deflects the prevailing wind.
下方设有桩柱
Beneath, there are stilts
建筑整体被抬高八米
that can raise the whole building a further eight metres
使得底部可以远离积雪
to keep it above the accumulating snow.
置身于其中则像进了太空站
Living inside is as close to
而不是地球上的建筑
being on a space-station as you can find on Earth.
该基地可以完全自给自足
This base is totally self-sufficient,
冬季时 人们可在外部隔绝的情况下
the people are completely cut off from the outside world
生活长达半年以上
for more than half the year over winter.
无尽的黑暗令这里成为
The total darkness makes this
研究夜空的最佳地点
the perfect place to study the night sky.
这群天文学家
The group of star gazers
是世界上最与世隔绝的团体
will be the most isolated community on our planet,
但他们所需之物却应有尽有
but they will have all their needs catered for.
这里甚至建有一个温室
There is even a greenhouse
在寒冷 黑暗的漫漫冬日中
where fresh vegetables grow under artificial light
新鲜蔬菜沐浴在人造光源下茁壮成长
all through the darkest, coldest winter anywhere.
在南极点 日落发生在三月
The sun sets in March at the South Pole,
此后半年再不升起
and won't rise again for six months.
每年此时会有那么几天
For a few days at this time of year,
冰晶构成的高空云层
high altitude clouds of ice crystals
可以持续反射阳光
continue to catch the sunlight,
即便此时太阳已经落于地平线下方
even when the sun itself is far below the horizon.
但很快 太阳便消失地无影无踪
But soon all trace of the sun disappears,
如今 在南极越冬的科学家
and today's over-wintering scientists
不会忘记第一批探险者
remember the first explorers.
他们在简陋的小木屋内忍♥受严冬
These men, who endured the winter in flimsy wooden huts,
借鉴早期北极开拓者的知识
borrowed knowledge from the Arctic pioneers before them,
然而 他们的目的却是研究和探索
but they came here to study and explore,
并非捕猎和开♥发♥
rather than to hunt or exploit.
他们展示了某种人类精神
They embodied the human spirit
感召着我们在极地不屈不挠
that has enabled us to survive at the poles.
在这里 我们被逼向极限
Here, we are pushed to our limits,
但也正因如此 人类才得以目睹奇观
but in being pushed, humanity has achieved the extraordinary
打开通完最后疆域的这扇门
and opened up the last frontier.
冰天雪地之幕后故事
为了展现人们在极地生活状态
To tell the story of how we survive at the Poles,
冰冻星球节目组来到了西伯利亚
Frozen Planet travelled to Siberia,
这片俄♥罗♥斯♥最北的区域
the far north of Russia,
大多数极地居民居于此地
where most of the Arctic's people live.
队员们将了解许多不同寻常的人
The team got to know many extraordinary people.
其中有一群人非常清楚
But one group of men above all
居于这地球上
really opened their eyes
最苦寒之地
to what it means to live off the land
意味着什么
in the most unforgiving environment on earth.
他们每天将自己的生命
Men who take their life in
交付于双手 只为了觅食
their hands everyday, just to find their food.
生存于边缘
制片人丹·瑞兹 带领冰冻星球栏目组
Producer, Dan Rees, led the Frozen Planet team
开始了他们在北极漫长旅途
on their longest journey in the Arctic.
他们的任务是拍摄
Their mission was to film walrus hunters
生存在俄♥罗♥斯♥最偏远的楚科奇的海象捕猎者
in Russia's most remote region, Chukotka,
在这里 俄♥罗♥斯♥离它的宿敌美国最近
the closest point to their old enemy the United States,
距西面九个时区外的莫斯科6♥4♥00公里
4,000 miles and nine time zones east of Moscow.
这里仍是个政♥治♥敏感区
It's still a sensitive region,
队员们很快发现 这里的边防战士
and the team soon learn that the border guards
对持有摄像机的外国人十分警惕
remain twitchy about foreigners with cameras.
不许拍 不许拍
Nyet! Nyet!
楚科奇管理局
为取得拍摄许可
To get permission to film,
只能求助于人类学家尼俄伯·汤普森
the crew relied on anthropologist Niobe Thompson,
他是在当地工作的为数不多的西方人之一
one of the few westerners to have worked with the people here.
但即使是尼俄伯 也碰了不少壁
But even Niobe finds a lot of doors closed to him.
这一任务的政♥治♥障碍
I have experienced a level of red tape
绝对在我的意料之外
I never could have anticipated.
护照上 有俄♥罗♥斯♥的签证
We've got our Russian visas in our passports,
这没问题 但仅仅是个开始
that's fine, but that's just the beginning.
这是楚科奇当地安♥全♥部♥门签发的
Here is the special permission given by the security services
入境特别许可证
to be in the region of Chukotka,
这是允许我们参观旅途中
a special permission to be in every one
每个人群聚集地的特别许可
of the population centres we will visit on our trip,