冰冻星球（2011）

雪挡住了本已不足的阳光
It shuts out what little light there is at these latitudes,
让树的生长♥期♥缩短
and that shortens the growing season still further
限制了它们的生长能力
and limits how far north trees are able to grow.
所以雪不仅影响树的形状
So, snow influences both the shapes of the trees
也影响这片森林的广度
and the extent of this forest.
当然雪也会影响动物
And it affects the animals, too.
如果想在这个季节觅食
It helps to have friends
结伴而行是很好的选择
if you want to find food at this time of the year.
狼獾和乌鸦是针叶树林里的好搭档
Wolverines and ravens, a match made in the Taiga.
这是最难觅食的季节
It's the hardest time of the year to find food.
但狼獾知道乌鸦的叫声
But the wolverine knows that a raven's call
就是他们的开饭铃
is as good as a dinner bell.
而对乌鸦来说
And the raven has just
狼獾是他们最好的开罐器
recruited the best can opener in the forest.
麋鹿的尸体被冻得很结实
The moose carcass is frozen solid,
但狼獾有强有力的下颌
but the wolverine has immensely powerful jaws,
最适合处理冰冻食物
well able to deal with frozen food.
乌鸦更适合吃剩菜
The raven's bill is more suited to leftovers.
乌鸦必须保持耐心
The raven has to be patient.
狼獾的食量可不是盖的
A wolverine's appetite is legendary.
民间传闻中 狼獾一口气吃掉的东西
According to folklore, it can eat more at one sitting
比森林里其他生物都多
than any other creature in the forest,
因此他们还有个名字 叫饕餮
hence its other name, the glutton.
狼獾吃不下的东西
What the wolverine can't eat now,
会存放在深雪里
it stores in the deep freeze.
他们会把食物埋在森林各个角落
It will bury these food parcels across the forest,
为食物短缺的季节做准备
planning ahead for leaner times.
对有的动物来说 大雪可是好东西
For a few, the snow is an ally.
冬天 尽管地面上已经冷成一片
Voles stay active throughout the winter beneath the snow,
野鼠在雪下面却十分活跃
despite the freezing temperatures above.
穿梭在小走廊里
Travelling along tiny corridors,
尽情享受这一份份被冻好的食物
they move from pocket to pocket of perfectly refrigerated food.
雪是很好的绝热体
Snow is a great insulator,
所以在雪下面 温度不会降到
so down here, the temperature never falls
零度以下
more than a degree or so below zero.
对于野鼠 尽管他们没有野牛那样的体魄
And that's warm enough for a vole to thrive,
这也足够让他们存活下来
even if it lacks the stature of a bison.
有时候 野鼠数量激增
In some years, vole numbers boom,
他们就必须破冰而出寻找食物
and then they are forced to break cover to search for more food.
灰猫头鹰是沉默的捕猎高手
The great grey owl is a silent and very skilful hunter,
但积雪之下 他们无法涉猎
but deep snow can be beyond its reach.
但这样的雪对另一个觅食者来说不是问题
But such snow is no barrier to one predator.
那就是伶鼬
The least weasel.
这小小的捕手可是野鼠的天敌
A tiny hunter, and the vole's nemesis.
他们身体的宽度跟野鼠一样
Its body is exactly the same width as a vole's,
所以野鼠能去的地方伶鼬也能去
so there's nowhere a vole can go that the weasel can't follow.
伶鼬细细长长的身段
The weasel's long, slender shape
最适合在小隧♥道♥里捕食
is perfect for hunting in tunnels,
但却是最无法抵御寒冷
but the worst possible shape for staying warm.
所以他们要用特殊的方式保暖
So they need a special way of doing that.
她一簇簇地拔出他的毛
She plucks the fur from its body tuft by tuft.
然后放到一起 做一张舒服的毯子
And now she puts it all together to make a cosy blanket
睡在雪下的洞里 盖在身上
under which to sleep in her den below the snow.
北部森林的隆冬时节
Midwinter in the northern forests.
太阳非常低 中午时分便出现暮色
The sun is so low that it's twilight at midday.
在更北的北极地区
Further north in the high Arctic,
已有好几个月没有日出
the sun has been below the horizon for months
要等好几个月才能再看到太阳露脸
and it'll be several more before it appears again.
雄性北极熊在冰面上度过整个冬天
The male polar bear spends winter out on the frozen ocean.
没多少生物能忍♥受这种环境
Few creatures can endure these conditions.
如果够幸运 他可能找到一具死尸
If he's lucky, he will find a carcass
以获取些许食物
that could provide a little food,
而这死尸很可能是狐狸的或其它北极熊的
possibly that of a fox or another polar bear.
不然 他只能依靠自身的储能
But otherwise, he must live on his reserves.
这时只能勉强度日 等待时机
This is the time to scrape by, to wait.
但在背风坡上 白雪之下
But on lee-side slopes, beneath the snow,
孕育着新的生命
new lives are beginning.
刚出生的熊仔目不能视 小巧玲珑
The cubs are born blind and tiny.
早产对于半梦半醒的熊妈妈来说更为轻松
An early birth is easier on the mother, who is barely awake.
尽管睡意正浓
Despite her sleepiness,
但她育儿的本能压倒了一切
her instinct to nurse is overwhelming.
熊仔"咯咯"的叫声
The cub's clucking calls
刺♥激♥她分泌出母乳
stimulate her to produce milk.
瞧这奶水
And what milk!
比之人类母乳 富余九倍
It's nine times richer than our own
每几周就让熊仔的体重翻倍
and enables her to double their weight every few weeks.
秋雪初临
It's over two months
至今已有两个多月
since the autumn snows first arrived.
而在两个月后 北极熊家族
In two more months, polar bear families
将出现在北极地区的
will emerge onto the snowy slopes
雪坡之上
all around the Arctic.
但现在 他们待在冰茧之中
But for now, they lie protected
以求保护
within their icy cocoons.
在地表上方百多公里处
A hundred miles above the earth,
极光照亮了天际
the Aurora lights up the sky.
在太空中穿梭数百万千米后
After travelling millions of miles across space,
被极地磁力吸引的太阳风
solar winds, attracted by the magnetic pull of the poles,
与地球大气相撞
collide with the earth's atmosphere.
数万亿带电粒子
Trillions of charged particles
舞过天际
dance across the sky.
在北极上空的是北极光
Above the Arctic, the Aurora Borealis -
即北极之光
the Northern Lights.
在南端的是南极光
In the south, it's the Aurora Australis -
即南极之光
the Southern lights,
为南极洲的漫漫冬日带来光亮
that bring light to Antarctica's long winter.
这壮观的极光只是赏心悦目罢了
These spectacular lightshows are only a tease,
尽管也是太阳能
solar energy maybe,
却不能给帝企鹅带来温暖
but no warmth that will help the emperor penguins.
北极之冬天寒地冻
The Arctic winter is brutally cold,
而在南极
but in Antarctica,
最为黑暗的月份更加残酷
the darkest months are even more savage.
雄企鹅数月未曾进食
The male penguins have not eaten for months,
只能靠同伴抵御狂风
and have only each other for protection from the gales.
每只企鹅都带着一个珍贵的企鹅蛋
Each has been entrusted with a single precious egg
平稳地放在脚上
balanced on the top of its feet.
如果企鹅蛋掉在冰上 哪怕只有一小会儿
If the egg were to drop onto the ice, even for a moment,
蛋中的小企鹅也会死去
the chick inside would die
而这一切也将成为徒劳
and all this would count for nothing.
帝企鹅并非完全孤单
The emperors are not entirely alone.
威德尔海豹
The Weddell seal.
唯一留在这里过冬的哺乳动物
The only mammal to remain here throughout the winter.
必须要有冰洞供他们呼吸
They must have breathing holes,
所以得经常把冰刮掉
and so have to constantly scrape away the ice
以防水面被冻住
that threatens to close them,
用他们的超级大嘴
rasping away fresh build-ups
将刚结上的冰层一一刮掉
with special wide-gaped jaws.
在冰面之下
Beneath the ice, they are
凛冬的寒风无法影响此处
beyond the reach of the bitter winter winds.
海水只有零下二摄氏度
The sea is -2 degrees centigrade.
但相比冰上的条件 这算得上温水浴了
A warm bath, compared to the conditions overhead.
表层的冰将这个世界
The roof of ice insulates
与冰上变幻莫测的恶劣天气分隔开来
this world from the wild fluctuations above.
冰下的温度在两千五百万年以来
The temperature down here has barely changed
几乎从未改变
for 25 million years.
当然 动物还是得耐寒
Of course, animals must still be hardy.
这些南极鱼的血液中有防冻液
These borchgrevinki fish have antifreeze in their blood,
所以他们能随心所欲地在冰晶中遨游
so they are untroubled swimming among the ice crystals.
这里许多动物都特别长寿
Many animals here are remarkably long-lived,
也许是因为这里环境非常稳定
perhaps because the conditions are so stable.
有些海绵动物可能有一千岁
Some sponges could be a thousand years old