我们的星球（2019）

and he wins her approval.
赢得了雌鸟的认可
New Guinea's isolation has created a unique variety of animals,
新几内亚的隔离环境创造出独特的物种
but the age of a forest
但是森林的年龄
has an even greater impact on the diversity of life it contains.
对内部的生物多样性影响更大
The jungles of Borneo, in Southeast Asia,
东南亚的婆罗洲丛林
have grown here for nearly 130 million years,
有近一亿三千万年的历史
making them the oldest on Earth.
是地球上最古老的
This limestone mountaintop in Borneo's highlands
这片婆罗洲高地的石灰岩山顶
was originally formed under the sea.
最初形成于海底
Time and rain has slowly shaped this jungle fortress
时间和雨水慢慢将这座丛林堡垒
into these 40-meter towers.
雕琢成四十米高的巨塔
The great age of this island's jungle
这片岛上丛林的古老年龄
is best illustrated by one of the oldest predators on Earth.
可由地球上最古老的捕食者之一完美展现
A velvet worm.
这是天鹅绒虫
Completely at home on the humid forest floor.
它在森林潮湿的地面上悠然自得
They've been here since the age of the dinosaurs,
天鹅绒虫从恐龙时代起就在这里
and have remained virtually unchanged.
而且几乎没有改变
It detects its insect prey through vibration and touch.
它通过振动和触摸来探查昆虫猎物
But with no turn of speed,
但是没有速度
how does it capture these fleet-footed critters?
它如何捕捉这些敏捷的虫子呢
The answer is stranger than fiction.
答案比小说更离奇
Glue guns.
胶水枪
The sticky slime hardens on impact,
黏液在撞击后变硬
trapping the luckless insect.
困住倒霉的昆虫
The velvet worm will inject the cockroach with digestive saliva,
天鹅绒虫会给蟑螂注入消化唾液
and then suck out its insides.
然后吸干它的内部
The high humidity of the forest floor
森林地面的高湿度
isn't just good for velvet worms.
不仅对天鹅绒虫有利
It's perfect for fungi, too,
对真菌来说也很理想
and Borneo's ancient jungles are rich in species.
婆罗洲的古老丛林中真菌物种丰富
By decomposing the dead,
通过分解尸体
the slime molds and fungi recycle scarce nutrients.
黏菌和真菌得以重复利用稀少的营养物质
Time has made Borneo's jungles extraordinarily rich and diverse.
时间让婆罗洲丛林变得无比富饶与多样
Here, in just a few hectares of forest,
在这里 仅仅几万平方米的森林里
there may be more kinds of plants than in the whole of Europe,
可能就有比整个欧洲还多的植物物种
including some of the most specialized on Earth.
其中包括一些地球上最特别的植物
Over several weeks,
几周间
these growing tips inflate to form jugs or pitchers.
这些尖芽膨胀成壶罐状
There are 39 kinds of pitcher plant in Borneo,
婆罗洲有三十九种猪笼草
and most are found nowhere else.
其中大多数品种都是该岛独有的
To get the nutrients they need to survive,
为了获取生存必须的营养物质
pitcher plants rely on animals,
猪笼草依赖于动物
often in surprising ways.
方法往往出人意料
This is the mountain treeshrew,
这是树鼩
an animal found only in Borneo.
一种婆罗洲独有的动物
Every morning, the treeshrew visits his neighborhood pitchers.
每天早晨 树鼩都会拜访附近的猪笼草
It depends on the sugary solution
猪笼草盖子上的茸毛
that exudes from hairs on the pitcher's lid.
分泌出它赖以生存的糖液
When he's licked this lid dry, he'll move to another.
它舔完一个盖子 就去下一个
And then another.
然后再下一个
Eventually, all that sugar can have only one result.
最终 这些糖分只有一个归宿
In return for the free food, the treeshrew leaves a gift.
作为食物的报答 树鼩留下一份礼物
Fertilizer for the plant.
植物的肥料
All that's needed is an afternoon shower
只需午后一场雨
to flush the shrew poo into the pitcher's bowl.
将树鼩的粪便冲进猪笼草的桶中
Without these added nitrates, the plant couldn't survive.
缺少这些硝酸盐 猪笼草就无法存活
And the quest for nutrients
对于营养物质的需求
has led some pitchers down a sinister path.
让一些猪笼草走上了邪恶的道路
A gracilis pitcher plant
这是小猪笼草
attracts ants to the underside of its lid with drops of nectar.
它用花蜜把蚂蚁吸引到盖子下方
But what do the ants give in return?
但蚂蚁如何报答呢
It's a story that also depends on rain.
这个故事的关键也是雨
The force of the raindrops
雨滴落下产生的力量
make it impossible for the ants to hold on.
使蚂蚁难以抓牢
It's the plant world's only springboard trap.
这是植物界唯一的跳板陷阱
This pitcher plant feeds on ant bodies.
这种猪笼草以蚂蚁尸体为食
All pitcher plants depend on animals for survival,
所有猪笼草都依赖动物生存
and one has even gone into business with a bat.
有一种甚至与蝙蝠打上交道
The woolly bat finds hemsleyana pitchers
彩蝠找到赫姆斯利猪笼草
because the plant's broad back wall
因为这种植物宽大的后壁
reflects the bat's ultrasound.
能反射蝙蝠的超声波
The tube-like pitchers are the perfect roosting site.
这种管型猪笼草是完美的栖息场所
The pitcher provides secure accommodation
猪笼草提供安全的住所
and the plant is enriched by its guest's deposits.
收获客人排泄物中的资源
Relationships like these have taken millions of years to evolve,
演化形成这样的关系需要花费数百万年
but many could be gone in a decade.
但许多可能会在十年间消失殆尽
In the last 50 years,
在过去的五十年间
Borneo has lost over half of its jungle.
婆罗洲的丛林面♥积♥缩小了一半以上
And it's even worse
而在邻近的菲律宾群岛
on the neighboring islands of the Philippines.
情况甚至更糟
Here, 90 percent of the primary rain forest has gone.
这里百分之九十的原始雨林已经消失了
What's left is the last refuge
仅存的雨林是世上
for the world's rarest bird of prey.
最罕见猛禽的最后避难所
The mighty Philippines eagle.
威猛的菲律宾鹰
With just 400 pairs remaining,
现存仅四百对
a chick on a nest is a very scarce sight.
在巢穴中发现幼鸟十分罕见
Scientists have tracked the mother since she was a year old.
科学家们从这位母亲一岁起就开始了追踪
Now aged ten, this is her first chick.
现在十岁的它有了第一个孩子
It's four months old, already nearly a meter tall,
四个月大的幼鸟 身高已经将近一米
and increasingly confident.
并且愈加自信
Although Mother still likes to give a helping hand.
不过母亲还是想帮它一把
The chick is very demanding.
照顾幼鸟很费力
She expects regular food drops,
它希望能经常收到食物
but, like a toddler having a tantrum,
但就像幼儿耍脾气一样
she doesn't want any help at mealtimes.
进食时它不想要帮助
Already, she's the same size as her father
它已经与父亲体型相当
and too big to argue with.
很难加以管教
But if his youngster is to take her next steps,
但如果想让幼鸟有所成长
he knows it's time for some tough love.
父亲知道该严厉起来了
From now on, visits will be less frequent.
从现在开始 送食物的频率会越来越低
The parents drop by with an occasional food parcel,
父母偶尔为幼鸟送来食物
but a small fruit bat isn't much to get excited about.
但一只小小的果蝠让它提不起精神
It's confusing
这使它困惑
when your parents don't visit as frequently as they once did.
父母不再像往常一样频繁来访
Every day, she calls,
它日复一日地鸣叫
but no one is paying any attention.
但却得不到任何回应
She's hungry,
它很饿
and all that's left are scraps.
但只剩一些食物残渣
It's time to become a proper eagle.
是时候成为一只真正的老鹰了
Flapping strengthens flight muscles in two-meter wings.
拍打羽翼能帮两米长的羽翼翅肌变得强壮
Wings that will be used to carry off her hefty prey.
这对羽翼将帮助它获取硕大猎物
Though that skill is still some time off.
但这项技能还有待磨练
So far, she's never ventured beyond the security of her nest.
目前 它还未曾踏出巢穴周围的安全地带
And with good reason.
这也合乎情理
There's a 70-meter drop to the forest floor.
巢穴距离森林地面七十米
A fall would be fatal.
坠落将致命
It's a nervous moment, but she must persevere.
此刻紧张而惶恐 但它不能退缩
Right now, she's all toes and talons.
此时 它鹰爪矗立 严阵以待
Sudden gusts of wind are not helpful
在练习生死攸关的试飞时
when balancing over a death-defying drop,
突然刮至的阵风也没有起到作用
and the daily downpours don't make it any easier.
而每日大雨也让练习举步维艰
Every day, she gets a little stronger and more confident.
它日益强壮也更加自信
Then, the day comes when confidence
这一天终于到来了
finally matches know-how.
它自信满满 技能亦已成熟
Now is the moment to reach for the sky.
现在就是展翅翱翔的时刻
Her first ever flight from her nest tree.
它第一次展翅离开巢树
It'll be nearly a year before she's fully independent.
还需要将近一年它才能完全独♥立♥
Then, her survival will depend on finding a territory
之后 它的生存将取决于能否寻找到
with large stretches of unspoilt jungle.
一片未遭破坏的大面♥积♥丛林
In the Philippines' fragmented forest,
在菲律宾破碎化的森林里