我们的星球（2019）

The ground appears to be devoid of life.
地面看起来毫无生机
But the forest is far from dead.
但是森林还远未死去
Within only a few months,
仅仅几个月后
flowers and tree seedlings will rise from the soil.
花草和树苗就会破土而出
Many, in fact, would not have germinated
实际上 如果没有接受火灾的洗礼
had they not received a baptism of fire.
它们中很多都不会萌芽
Light streaming down through the newly opened canopy
阳光从变得稀疏的树冠间洒下
provides the energy for a surge of new growth.
为新生命的蓬勃成长提供能量
The older, well-established redwoods have survived,
历尽岁月的成熟红杉得以幸存
protected by their thick, fire-resistant bark.
它们厚实的防火树皮起到了保护作用
This natural resilience is
这种自然恢复力
essential to the continued health of these forests.
对于这类森林的持续健康至关重要
Most forests, however, cannot recover on their own.
然而大部分森林 不能独♥立♥恢复
Many are helped to recover by animals.
很多都通过动物协助恢复
The trees and their inhabitants are interdependent.
树木和林中栖息的动物互相依赖
And nowhere is this dependence more apparent
而在印度的西高止山脉
than in India's Western Ghats.
这种相互依赖最为明显
This globally important habitat
这处有全球重要性的栖息地
contains a third of all animal species found in India.
容纳着印度已发现的动物物种的三分之一
Lion-tailed macaques.
这是狮尾猴
They feed on the fruits of many kinds of tree,
它们以多种树木的果实为食
and, in doing so, they distribute the seeds,
通过这种方式 它们也播撒树种
which will emerge unscathed with their droppings.
树种随它们的粪便完好无损地被排出体外
But few monkeys travel very far.
但是猴子很少远距离活动
If plants are to distribute their seeds across great distances,
如果植物要把种子播撒到远处
they need another kind of transport.
它们需要另一种运输工具
Wings.
翅膀
Great hornbills have wings that are almost two meters across,
双角犀鸟翼展接近两米
and they enable the birds to
借此它们得以
travel long distances in search of food.
远距离飞行搜寻食物
Hornbills feed on the fruit of 40 or so different kinds of trees,
双角犀鸟以大约四十种树木的果实为食
and transport the indigestible seeds they contain
并且把果实中无法消化的种子
all over the Western Ghats.
运送到西高止山脉各处
So, it's to the trees' advantage
所以吸引双角犀鸟的注意
to attract the hornbill's attention.
对树木来说很有利
The figs themselves, although they taste nice,
无花果虽然好吃
are not, in fact, very nutritious,
但没有多少营养
so the hornbills have to eat great quantities of them.
所以犀鸟需要大量进食
It can be tiring work.
有时候会很辛劳
But it's not a free-for-all.
但不是所有鸟都有机会
A single fig tree in fruit attracts great numbers of hornbills.
一棵结果的无花果树会吸引大量犀鸟
Competition between them is intense.
它们之间竞争激烈
This aerial jousting between males has never been filmed before
这种雄性间的空中比武以前从未被拍摄过
and its purpose is not really understood.
其目的也尚不明了
It may be that the birds are simply squabbling over food,
这些鸟可能只是在为食物而争执
but it seems rather more than that.
但是看上去还有更深层的意义
The winner is able to demonstrate his strength and skill
获胜者得以向来访的雌鸟展现
to visiting females.
自己的力量和技巧
The males certainly seem keen to ingratiate themselves.
雄鸟显然热衷于讨好雌鸟
It's particularly important for hornbills to get the best pairing
对犀鸟而言结成最佳的伴侣尤为重要
because, once established, the bond between male and female
因为雄鸟与雌鸟之间的纽带一旦建立
will last a lifetime.
将持续一生
The forest also benefits from these squabbles,
森林也从这些争执中受益
because even a defeated hornbill
因为即使是战败的犀鸟
will spread seeds over wide areas
也会在寻找下一餐时
as he searches for his next meal.
将种子大范围播撒
The relationship between trees and animals in a forest
森林中树木与动物之间的关系
is not always so harmonious.
并不总是一派和谐
This is Africa's largest forest, the Miombo,
这是非洲最大的森林 米欧波森林
named after one of its common trees.
是以这里最常见的树命名的
It stretches for over a thousand miles,
它连绵数千里
from Angola in the west to Mozambique in the east.
从西部的安哥拉直到东部的莫桑比克
At the height of the dry season,
在最为干旱的时节
the Miombo attracts animals from all across southern Africa.
米欧波森林吸引了来自非洲南部各处的动物
Elephants prefer grass if they can get it.
如果可以 大象更喜欢吃草
It's very nutritious.
草富含营养
In its absence,
在吃不到草的情况下
they browse on the abundant leaves and branches of the Miombo.
它们会吃米欧波森林充裕的树叶和树枝
But they're not the only hungry ones here.
但也有其它动物跟它们一样饥肠辘辘
These mopane worms are not worms, of course,
当然 这些可乐豆木毛虫可不是蠕虫
but caterpillars.
而是毛毛虫
They hatch simultaneously in huge numbers.
它们同时大量孵化
And just as the forest is putting out new leaves,
就在森林长出新树叶的时候
they begin their attack.
它们发起了进攻
They feed so voraciously
它们狼吞虎咽
that in just six weeks they increase their size 40 times.
仅六周时间 它们的身体就长大了四十倍
By the time they're fully developed, this million-strong army
在这些幼虫成熟之前 这支百万大军
will have stripped the entire forest of its foliage.
就会把整片森里的叶子啃得干干净净
But the Miombo bounces back.
但米欧波森林总会恢复原貌
With the caterpillars gone,
毛毛虫消失之后
the trees produce a second growth of leaves.
这些树木会再次萌发出新叶
This fresh feast then attracts elephants.
新鲜的嫩叶引来了大象
They are less fussy than the caterpillars.
它们没有毛毛虫那么挑食
They will eat every part of the tree.
它们会吃掉树木的每一个部位
And a hungry elephant
一头饥饿的大象
can munch through 200 kilos of vegetation in a day.
一天能吃掉两百千克的植物
Yet, even this destruction has its benefits.
不过 这样的破坏也有好处
It shapes the forest in a way
它以一种
that helps one of Africa's most endangered animals.
挽救非洲最濒危的动物之一的方式塑造了森林
Hunting dogs.
猎犬
They're seen most frequently, and most easily, on grasslands.
它们最经常在草原上出没
But, in fact, these open forests are their preferred habitat.
但其实 开阔的森林才是它们的首选栖息地
Browsing elephants open up a forest,
觅食的大象开拓了森林
and that attracts the animals on which the dogs prey.
这吸引来了猎犬的猎物
For the dogs, the Miombo forest is perfect hunting country.
对猎犬来说 米欧波森林是完美的狩猎之地
And it's also an excellent place in which to bring up pups.
也是抚养幼犬极佳的地方
The pups greet the adults returning from a hunt
幼犬们激动地迎接着
with great excitement.
狩猎归来的成犬
Food.
食物
The first three months of the pups' lives
幼犬出生的头三个月
are spent sheltering underground.
会待在地下的庇护所
Now, they are confident enough
现在 它们信心满满
to stay out in the open for much of the time.
敢于在户外待很长时间
And then, like all puppies, they have fun.
然后像所有的幼崽一样 它们会嬉戏玩乐
Playing is important for the youngsters,
玩耍对于幼犬来说十分重要
for as they do so, they establish the social bonds
因为它们玩耍的同时 也建立起了族内关系
that they will need when they start to hunt together as a team.
这对于它们进行团队狩猎是必备的
The Miombo has always been important for hunting dogs,
米欧波森林对猎犬十分重要
both as a place to find prey and as a refuge.
它不仅是猎犬的狩猎区 也是它们的庇护所
Never has it been more crucial
它对于这个濒危物种的生死存亡
for the survival of this endangered species than now.
从没有像现在这样重要过
But they will only survive if other creatures are here
但是要有其它动物为它们创造
to create the kind of habitat they need.
合适的栖息地 它们才能生存
Madagascar has a forest
马达加斯加有一片森林
dominated uniquely by one of the oddest of trees.
被一种奇特的树独占着
Baobabs.
猴面包树
The island has been isolated for over 80 million years.
这个岛已经与世隔绝了八千多万年
During that immensity of time, its animals and plants
在漫漫的时间长河中 岛上的动植物
have evolved into forms quite different from any elsewhere.
已经进化成了与其它地方完全不同的形式
This makes them one of the most precious forests on our planet.
这使它们成为了地球上最珍贵的森林之一
This is not a monkey, but a distant relative, a lemur,
这不是猴子 而是猴子的远亲叫狐猴
and there are at least 40 different kinds of lemurs,
现存的狐猴至少有四十种
all unique to Madagascar and all endangered.
都是马达加斯加特有的种类 也都濒临灭绝
Lemurs are crucial to the forest.
狐猴对森林至关重要
Without them, some species of tree cannot survive.
没有它们 一些树种就无法存活
The forest even has its own specialized lemur hunter.
森林中还有专门猎食狐猴的动物
It's Madagascar's top predator,
它是马达加斯加的顶级掠食者
and its presence is cause for alarm.
它一出现就触发警报
It can grow to a length of one and a half meters,
它身长可达一点五米
and it's very seldom seen in the wild.
在野外很少见