我们的星球（2019）

it's full of life.
就充满生机
Fish are abundant.
既有大量的鱼
And so are fish eaters.
也有大量的食鱼者
Otters.
比如水獭
All over the state, fresh water bubbles to the surface
在这个地球上最大的泉水聚集地 佛罗里达
from the greatest concentration of springs on Earth.
到处可见淡水冒出地面
They feed rivers and pools,
它们充盈着河流和水塘
in which all kinds of life flourish,
滋养着各种生命
including one of Florida's specialities...
其中包括佛罗里达的特产之一
manatees.
海牛
Many spend the summer in the sea,
许多海牛在海洋中度夏
but when winter approaches,
但临近冬季
they swim up the rivers, which are relatively warm.
它们就游入相对温暖的河流
And there they graze on an abundance of freshwater plants.
在那 它们以丰富的淡水植物为食
But human beings are now taking so much water from these springs,
但是人类从这些泉水中汲取了太多水
and polluting many of the others,
又污染了大量余下的水
that the manatees are losing their winter homes.
海牛正在失去过冬的家园
Rivers, being comparatively shallow, warm quickly,
河流相对而言较浅 转暖快
and in spring, across Europe,
在春季 整个欧洲
the rising temperatures trigger a sudden surge of life.
气温回暖致使生物数量骤然激增
On Hungary's Tisza River,
匈牙利的蒂萨河上
giant mayfly are starting to emerge.
大蜉蝣正开始浮现
For three years, they've lived underwater as larvae.
经过水下三年的幼虫期
Now, in just three hours,
现在 仅在三小时内
millions of the winged adults dance together
数百万羽化的成虫翩翩起舞
and mate before they die.
并在死亡前完成交♥配♥
This extraordinary spectacle
这个异常壮观的景象
was once common in Eastern Europe,
在东欧曾经很常见
but so many rivers now have stabilized banks
但如今许多河流筑有固定堤坝
and are badly polluted
而且遭到严重污染
that the mayflies have largely disappeared.
导致蜉蝣大量消失
But when the rivers are clean,
但只要水质变好
wildlife is quick to return.
野生动物会立即返回家园
The kingfisher, the most glorious of divers.
翠鸟 最出色的跳水健将
The osprey, the most skillful of graspers.
鱼鹰 技艺最精湛的捕手
Iguazu, on the frontier between Brazil and Argentina.
伊瓜苏瀑布位于巴西和阿根廷的交界处
These are the largest waterfalls on the planet.
这是世界上最大的瀑布群
Thousands of tons of fresh water thunder over them every second.
每秒数千吨♥的水轰鸣而下
Much of Iguazu's water comes from the Amazon rainforest,
伊瓜苏瀑布的水大部分来自于
a thousand kilometers away.
一千公里之外的亚马逊雨林
There, it rose as vapor from the surface of the jungle canopy.
那里 升起的水汽笼罩着雨林
A single tree can give off a thousand liters a day.
每棵树每天可以蒸腾一千公升的水分
As the vapor rises into the sky, it condenses into clouds.
水汽升腾到空中随即凝结成云
Twenty billion tons of water leave the forest each day,
雨林每天蒸腾两百亿吨♥的水分
more than travels down the Amazon River itself.
比亚马逊河自身的流量还多
If the rainforest is destroyed,
如果雨林遭到破坏
this life-giving cycle will be broken.
这种生态循环系统也将被摧毁
As the clouds travel across the continent, they shed their water,
云在大♥陆♥上空穿梭 形成降雨
irrigating farmland and forest alike.
灌溉着农田和森林
And on the plains of Brazil,
在巴西平原上
they create the largest tropical wetland on Earth,
云创造出地球上最大的热带湿地
the Pantanal.
潘塔纳尔湿地
Each year, however, seasonal changes reduce the river's flow,
然而 季节变化每年都在减少河水流动
and the Pantanal shrinks to just a few river channels.
潘塔纳尔缩减到只剩几个河道
This suits the top predator very well.
这样的环境倒十分适合顶级掠食者
The jaguar.
比如美洲豹
It's a competent swimmer, but in water,
它虽擅长游泳 但在水中
it can't make the killing pounce
却不能完全施展
which makes it such a fearsome hunter.
令人闻风丧胆的蛰伏突袭的本领
Now, in the dry season,
眼下正值旱季
the banks can get somewhat crowded.
河岸有点拥挤
But the jaguar has spotted prey on the river's edge.
但这只美洲豹已经盯上了岸边的猎物
Capybara.
水豚
It must get close to be successful.
靠近才能成功
Two capybara incautiously are standing in the shallows.
两只粗心的水豚站在浅滩里
They have seen one another.
狭路相逢
Which will run first?
谁会迈出第一步呢
Farther along the river, dense vegetation provides better cover,
更远的河岸 茂密的植被提供了更好的掩护
but the bank here is quite high.
但这里的岸很高
Capybara have acute hearing.
水豚听觉敏锐
One noisy footfall...
步法稍有差池
...and the chance is lost.
就会错失良机
Another failure.
又一次失败
Perhaps it's time to try a different prey.
也许是时候试试别的猎物了
Tackling one of these would be risky,
搞定这种猎物颇有风险
but the jaguar is really hungry.
但美洲豹真的很饿
If a jaguar is to catch a caiman,
美洲豹要想捕获凯门鳄
it must bite its neck and then hold on
必须咬住它的脖子不松口
to prevent the caiman striking back.
防止凯门鳄反击
It has to get into a position directly above its prey.
它必须处于猎物正上方的位置
This is dangerous.
这很危险
The caiman rolls to try and drown the jaguar.
凯门鳄翻滚着 试图淹死美洲豹
Predator and prey seem evenly matched.
捕食者和猎物似乎势均力敌
The jaguar won't let go.
美洲豹不愿松口
After 20 minutes, and near to exhaustion, the jaguar wins.
二十分钟后 几乎拼尽力气的美洲豹获胜
Sometimes, a river's downward journey is interrupted by lakes.
有时 河流的下行过程会被湖泊打断
Together, they contain 40 times more water
它们共同拥有的水量
than all the world's rivers combined.
超过世界上所有河流总量的四十倍
Africa's Lake Tanganyika
非洲坦噶尼喀湖
holds almost a fifth of all accessible fresh water on Earth.
几乎容纳了地球上五分之一的淡水
But, considering its great size, Tanganyika contains little life.
但与巨大的容量相比 这里的生物却很少
It's almost a kilometer and a half deep,
水深将近一点五千米
but at the bottom the water barely moves and there is no oxygen.
但湖底的水几乎不流动 也没有氧气
It's only close to the surface, in its top 150 meters,
只有距湖面一百五十米的水中
that the water contains enough oxygen for life to exist.
才含有足够的氧气以供生物栖息
But here, it flourishes in abundance.
但湖中的物种极其丰富
Two hundred and fifty species of cichlid fish have evolved here,
这里已经进化出二百五十种慈鲷
many of which are found nowhere else.
其中很多都是全世界独一无二的
Competition in these crowded waters is intense.
在这拥挤的水域中 竞争非常激烈
The more shells a male has, the more females he will attract.
贝壳越多 吸引的雌性就越多
And this one is doing very well.
成果喜人
His neighbor has a rather smaller mound.
邻居的收藏量稍逊一筹
And the neighbor is a thief.
而邻居是个小偷
As soon as he turns his back,
它前脚刚走
the thief swoops in...
小偷便乘虚而入
and steals a shell.
偷走了一个贝壳
The hardworking owner of the larger mound doesn't seem to notice.
勤劳的大贝壳堆主人似乎没发现
So, the thief commits the crime again...
所以小偷一而再
and again...
再而三
until he has built the largest mound.
直到它得到最大的贝壳堆
The shells are not just for display.
这些贝壳不仅仅是展示品
They will be used by the females as cradles.
它们将被雌性当做摇篮使用
One arrives.
来了一位
She's tiny, only a tenth of his size.
她身形很小 只有雄性的十分之一
She's so small, she can slip inside a shell.
她小到能溜进壳里
There, she lays her eggs, and the male quickly fertilizes them.
她在那里产卵 雄性快速使卵受精
She will then stay inside
随后雌鱼会留在壳里
protecting them for up to a fortnight until they hatch.
用两周时间保护鱼卵 直到成功孵化
The emperor,
孔雀鲷
the largest of all the cichlids in Tanganyika.
坦噶尼喀最大的慈鲷
At almost a meter long,
身长将近一米
this female must raise her young in the open.
这条雌鱼只能在开放水域抚养后代
Guarding them is therefore a full-time job for both parents.
因此爸爸妈妈要全天候守护它们
But the future for all these fish is uncertain.
但这里所有鱼类都前途未卜
As global temperatures rise, Lake Tanganyika is warming.
随着全球气温上升 坦噶尼喀湖正在变暖
Its waters are no longer mixing as well as they once did,
水流不会再像以前一样交融
so the top oxygenated layer is reducing.
所以上部含氧层逐渐减少
The Mekong River in Southeast Asia.
东南亚的湄公河
Four thousand kilometers long and with the widest falls anywhere.
长四千千米 而且拥有全世界最宽阔的瀑布
Today, over 60 million people
目前 超过六千万人