向深海出发（2008）

and the bridge watch called out, there's a polar bear coming.
哨兵发出警告 说有一只北极熊正向我们靠近
He's come on quick, so it's all stopped for a moment.
来的速度很快 瞬间既到
This is the icon of the Arctic, though, finally.
这是北极的标志性动物
I think I would have been pretty disappointed
但是我很失望
if I had come all the way up here and not seen a polar bear.
要是到这儿没有看到北极熊的话
You and me both, mate.
你和我都是同事
NARRATOR:The polar bear is the world's largest terrestrial carnivore.
北极熊是地球上最大的食肉动物
Males can be up to 1 0 feet tall and weigh close to 800 kilograms.
公熊可以长到10英尺长 800公斤重
They have that slow, ponderous kind of, you know, lolloping kind of walk,
你知道 他们那么笨重 需要缓慢的行走
but they cover a huge distance.
但是他们到过很多地方
NARRATOR:Polar bears are well adapted to Arctic conditions.
北极熊适应了北极气候
They have two layers of fur,
他们有很厚的脂肪
and black skin that absorbs heat from the sun.
黑色的皮肤可以吸收太阳光
Beneath this is 1 0 centimetres of fat.
皮肤下面是10英寸厚的脂肪
So they can have trouble keeping cool.
所以他们不怕冷
But it's so cold out here.
但是这儿真的很冷
But the reason they go so slowly is they're so well insulated.
但是他们这样笨拙的原故…
Here we are, just all freezing and this polar bear has to go slowly
我们到了 所有的北极熊 都是这样缓慢行走的
so it doesn't overheat.
所以就不会过热
That's absolutely crazy.
真是太好了
NARRATOR:But being so highly specialised
但是这是一个很特别的种族
makes them among the most vulnerable creatures in the Arctic.
他们是北极一个稀有的物种
The polar bear is absolutely dependent on these ice floes to exist.
北极熊就是靠这些冰川活的
NARRATOR:Today there are about 25,000 polar bears.
现在差不多有两万五千头北极熊
But as the ice cap recedes, the population could decline fast.
但是随着冰川的缩小 这个数量一定会减少
That's because the ice is a valuable source of food.
因为冰川就是他们寻找食物的地方
You look around, and it kind of looks like a big white desert.
你看看 就像一个白色 的沙漠一样
But it's actually a very diverse ecosystem.
这实际上是一个特别的生态系统
And it's critical to understand what's going on,
很难理解事情的进展
what lives here on the fringes of existence.
这儿的生物是怎么生存的
NARRATOR:Life in the Arctic depends on the spring bloom.
北极的生物都是在春天繁殖
It occurs after months of complete darkness.
他们要在黑暗中度过 好几个月时间
When the sunlight begins to reappear, there's an intense growhh of algae.
当阳光再次出现的时候 他们的种群数量又会增多
But this bloom is short-lived.
但是这个时期很短
To survive, life here needs to store enough energy
为了生存这些生物 需要储存足够的能量
to make it through the long, dark winter.
这样他们才可以 度过漫长的黑夜
Tooni and Paul plan to search for the creatures
托妮和保罗想要来探究这些生物
that provide the energy the Arctic relies upon,
看北极生物是怎么样 来储存能量的
to see how they cope with the severe conditions.
看他们是怎么来适应 这样的环境的
It's like, to me, it seems like the most extreme environment,
对我来说这是极端恶劣的环境
living in minus degree centigrade waters, just underneath the ice.
生活在这样低的环境温度中 而且还在冰川船川下面
And there is life that's perfectly adapted
这儿有生物真的是一个奇迹
to those very specific conditions.
这样艰苦的环境条件
Yeah, life at the edges is so fascinating, isn't it?
对啊 边原生物 不是吗？
NARRATOR:The whole team gears up to work on the surface and beneath the ice.
探险队想要来研究 冰川的表明和里层
Paul and Tooni will search underneath the ice cap for amphipods and copepods,
托妮和想要来探究冰川下的那些 片脚类动物和橈足类动物
the minuscule creatures which help support this ecosystem.
这些小生物支持着这个生态系统
TOONI:Cold! PAUL:A bit windy, isn't it?
有点风 不是吗？
NARRATOR:They're hard to see,
看不清楚
so once these crustaceans have been collected,
所以一旦收集到了 这些甲壳钢动物
Philippe and Lucy will identify them on the surface.
菲利普和露西就会在 上面来研究他们
The data they collect will be sent to the Census of Marine Life,
他们收集的数据会 送到海军统计署去
a survey being conducted by hundreds of scientists around the world.
那儿有来自各个地方的科学家
But first they've got to find the tiny creatures.
但是首先他们要 找到这些小生物
PAUL:Yeah, it's pretty hard.
是的 那是相当难的
For a start, our bubbles, I'm blowing them around.
开始就有很多气泡 我把他们吹散
Maybe that will dislodge them on the little crevices, you know.
你知道 也许这样会把他们赶走
Oh, yeah, there you go, look.
对 你找到了 你看
I can see some. Over there, look.
我看到了 那儿 你看
Get it, go on. That's it. You got it.
找到了 继续 对 你找到了
NARRATOR:To survive here, life must adapt to the icy conditions.
在这儿生存生物 必须要适应冰川条件
Creatures here have got proteins in their blood
这儿的生物他们的 血液中都有特殊的蛋白质
that act as a kind of antifreeze.
那是一种抗体
So they can actually keep on moving and working in these subzero temperatures.
这样他们才可以在 这样低的温度环境中生活
NARRATOR:The water is clouded with algae,
水上有很多水澡
as the expedition has arrived during the spring bloom.
当探险队在春天抵达这儿的时候
It's the ideal time to track down the crustaceans.
也是找到甲壳钢动物最好的时间
Thank you. Fantastic.
谢谢 太好了
NARRATOR:Because there is still so much to learn about the fauna of the Arctic,
因为对北极我们要做的 还有很多工作
Philippe is keen to document what they find.
菲利普在收集他们 需要的那些数据
Oh, yeah, you did. Well done. Couple more? Oh, yeah, definitely.
是的 你做到了 干得好-还有 那是肯定的
Well, we've definitely got a few species of amphipods
我们终于找到一些片脚类动物了
and definitely some copepods in here.
这儿还有一些橈足类动物
We should get them out of there quickly because the amphipods eat the copepods.
因为片脚类动物会吃橈足类动物 所以我们要赶快把他们带走
The last several years of work that I've been doing, in terms of conservation,
我过去几年的工作 都是为了保护工作
I've heard so much about amphipods.
我听说过很多关于片脚类动物的事
I mean, these are like the classic base of the food chain in the Arctic.
我是说 他们是北极食物链 中关键的一环
I mean, grey whales travel 6,000 miles to feed on these,
我是说 白鲸行驶6000多公里 就是为了来吃他们
all the way from Mexico.
他们是从墨西哥来的
NARRATOR:And living along with the amphipods are these tiny copepods,
跟片脚类动物动物生活在 一起的就是橈足类动物
just a few millimetres long.
他们只有几毫米那么大
These species hold the secret to survival in the Arctic.
这些种族包函北极生存的秘密
They feed on algae and convert it into fat.
他们可以转换脂肪
Fat acts like a biological battery, a long-term store of energy.
脂肪就像生物电池一样 那是需要长♥期♥储存的
So everything living here relies on fat to get through the Arctic winter.
所有在这儿生活的生物都要 依赖脂肪特别是北极的冬天
Copepods live underneath the ice, feeding on the algae,
橈足类动物生活在冰川下面 靠水澡生活
sometimes only for a few months a year, and they build up these fat layers
有时候一年只有几个月时间 他们就可以储存足够的脂肪
and can go for eight to 1 0 months without feeding.
可以不吃不喝维持 八到十个月时间
The fact that these things are so high in fat
这些生物可以储存脂肪的事实
means that they can pretty much fuel
这也是他们的能量储备
the rest of the food chain in the Arctic.
北极食物链上的其他生物
And that fat gets passed on up the food chain,
脂肪在食物链上慢慢消失
up to the fish, fish gets eaten
一直到鱼 鱼又被别的生物吃掉
by the seals, the whales, the polar bears.
再到海豹 到鲸最后到北极熊
So fat is an incredibly important currency.
所以脂肪是至关重要的东西
And these are the basis of the food chain.
这些都是食物链的基础
I mean, this is such an important creature.
我是说 这是非常重要的生物
NARRATOR:No one knows how many different species of amphipods exist.
没有人知道有多少片 脚类动物存在
This world is so little explored
这个世界很少有人知道
that even a single sample can uncover a find.
即使是一些小小的实验
PHILIPPE:That's a new one. It's very different than the others.
这是一个全新的 跟其他的任何活动都不一样
Yeah, it is. It's definitely an amphipod.
对- 这肯定就是片脚类动物
NARRATOR:DNA analysis will be needed to be certain
DNA分♥析♥是必须的
but this may be a new species.
但是这可能是一个新的种族
You know, people just think we've explored it all,
你知道 大家认为我们会探究一切
and there's just so little we actually know.
实际上我们知道的很少
I know.
我知道
And here's just a case in point, perfect example.
只是一个很好的例子
Absolutely.
当然
Now then... Good work, you all, I've got to say.
那么… 干得好 我说大家干得好
Let's have a look.
来我们看看
We've got a couple things laid out here for you.
我有话要对大家说
Oh, blimey!
噢 哎呀！
See, he's really big. I mean, look what you found.
你看 真的很大 你看你找到什么了
These big amphipods.
这些是大点的片脚类动物
These are the ones that walk upside down underneath the ice, I was watching them.
他们是从冰川上下来的 我在观察他们
NARRATOR:But as the ice shrinks,
但是随着冰川的融化
these species could disappear faster than we can discover them.
这些种族会很快就消失的
These rely on the ice.
他们是依赖冰川的
I mean, without the ice these can't exist.
我是说 没有冰川他们就不能生存
And while that doesn't mean necessarily that,
这不是说他们不重要
you know, the whole ecosystem will collapse,
你知道 整个生态系统都会跨掉的
but it definitely means it'll be changing.
但是这肯定是会有变化的
You'll see a shift in biodiversity, and we don't know what that means.
你会看到有生物变种 我不知道那是什么意思
TOONI:A hugely underrated resource in the Arctic ecosystem.
北极生态系统中有很多资源…
Nobody's ever interested in invertebrates.
没有人对无脊椎动物感兴趣
Invertebrates hold the key to the giant, charismatic megafauna
无脊椎动物是很重要的
that we're all so concerned about.
我们都知道
NARRATOR:If the ice retreats, we could lose many of these tiny creatures.
要是冰川融化了我们就可以看 到很多这样的小生物
Then all life here will be threatened.
这儿所有的生物都会受到威胁