向深海出发（2008）

studying any kind of animal behaviour there is incredibly hard.
要想在那里研究任何动物的行为是极其困难
But in the sunken valley, Tooni is hoping for the opportunity
但是在凹陷谷 托妮渴望得到机会
to record a behaviour that's never been filmed here before.
记录从未有人记录过的行为
God, it's pitch blank, isn't it?
天啊 这是个黑洞啊
We really are descending into the pitch blank.
我们在一个黑洞里下潜
It's like being on a night dive.
就像是夜间潜水一样
Here's the bottom, Tooni.
这里是底部 托妮
They're searching for creatures which look as though
他们正在研究一种看起来是
they've come from a science fiction film, sea pens.
来自科幻电影里的生物 海鳃
They're beautiful, yet very, very strange creatures, aren't they?
它们真漂亮啊 真是怪异的生物啊
Yeah. They're called sea pens
是的 他们叫海鳃
because they look like those beautiful old feather quills
因为它们看起来像是
that people used to write with. Okay.
古人写字用的羽毛笔 好
Like everything else beneath the tannin layer,
就像其它生活在丹宁酸层下的生物一样
these sea pens are animals.
海鳃也是动物
There's so little light here, no plants can survive.
这里光线很暗 没有植物可以存活
There are some big sea pens here, aren't there?
那里的海鳃真大啊
Look, you can see it turning with the current.
看 你可以看到它随着水流而转向
Yeah.
是的
Each of these sea pens isn't a single animal
每个海鳃都不是单一的动物
but a colony of individuals working together as one.
因为它是一群个体结合在一起
Different parts of the colony have specialised functions,
群体不同的部分都有特定的功能
such as pumping water, reproduction or catching prey.
比如泵水 繁殖或者捕捉猎物
So it's like the ultimate in community living.
就像是终极的社区生活
I've got myself convinced that I'm at 150 metres
我现在深信不疑 自己处在150米的深海
because it's cold and dark,
因为这里又冷又黑
and there's loads of weird creatures down here.
还有这里这些怪异的生物
Sea pens come in and out of the sediment
海鳃从沉淀层里进进出出
but no one can see this behaviour because it happens so slowly.
但是没人能看到这种行为因为这个过程太慢
So the team has set up a time- lapse camera
于是探险队架起了一台延时摄影机
to try to record it here for the very first time.
试图第一次记录这个过程
That one there has actually almost completely disappeared.
那边那个完全消失了
They pump water into themselves to bring themselves out of the sediment
他们把水抽进体内以便从沉淀层里出来
and then when they want to go back down,
等到它们想缩进去的时候
they release that water so they can retract.
它们就排水 这样就能收缩
The speeded-up footage shows how, over four hours,
加速播放的脚本显示 经过四个小时后
some of the sea pens gradually deflate and bury themselves in the sea bed.
一些海鳃慢慢缩小 将自己埋在海床里
It's thought this behaviour might protect sea pens from predators,
这种行为可以保护海鳃免受食肉动物的猎食
and this may be the first time
这是有史以来第一次
that evidence has been captured to confirm it.
有证据确定这种行为
Close examination of the time-lapse clip shows a yellow sea slug,
近距高观察这段延时录像后发现一只海赐蛤
a sea pen predator, enter the scene and make contact with some of them.
猎食海鳃的食肉动物进入画面中 并与一些海鳃发生接触
Each sea pen it touches withdraws into the sediment.
它触摸的每个海鳃都缩进了沉淀层里
This has never been seen before and will help us to understand
这是前所未见的 特有助于我们了解
this little-known world of deep sea creatures.
这种不为世人熟悉的深海生物
The sunken valley has allowed us a privileged glimpse
凹陷谷赋予我们特权
into the lives of its deep sea inhabitants.
观察深海居民的生活
The deep sea is almost impenetrable
深海难以进入
and therefore the only opportunity that I get to see deep water creatures
因此这是我们见到深海生物的唯一机会
within my capabilities is here.
我们在这里可以做到
So I think it's been a really special part of the expedition.
所以我觉得这是探险特别的部分
Next day, the team is re-united.
第二天 队伍重新集结
Here they come.
他们来了
Hello! Hey, hey, hey!
你们好 嘿
It's the final leg of the Southern Ocean expedition.
这是南海探险的最后阶段
Ah! There's some. There, there, there, look.
那里有一些 那里 看啊
As they round Tasman Island,
他们在塔斯曼岛
they spot a large group of Australian fur seals.
发现了一大群澳洲海狗
Oh, there are loads of them on that flat section there.
那边平坦的岩石上有很多
Hunted almost to extinction,
由于几乎被猎杀殆尽
these fur seals are now a protected species.
海狗现在是保护动物
But their recovery's been slow
但是它们的康复进程很缓慢
so to see such a big colony is very encouraging.
所以能看到达么大的群体是很鼓舞人心的
Good to go.
可以了
Lucy and marine biologist Tooni want to check them out underwater.
露西和海洋生物学家托妮想到水底观察它们
You see how much of a good look they're giving us.
看看它们会给我们什么好脸色看
Really, really looking.
真好看
You see the way they power themselves.
你可以看到它们驱动的样子
They just give that massive pull down of their front flippers
它们猛烈拍动前肢
and then they streamline and twist and turn.
然后它们就做流线型的动作扭动 转身
Lucy, come on!
露西 来
Australian fur seals have dense coats
澳洲海狗有密实的外套
with coarse outer hairs that trap air to insulate them against the cold.
粗糙的外部毛发可以困住空气从而抵御寒冷
As the seals dive, the air is released as bubbles.
随着海狗下潜 空气就会被释放出来形成气泡
They're so streamlined underwater, aren't they?
它们在水下很是如鱼得水
Their incredible speed and agility underwater
它们的水下速度和身手很是了得
allow them to catch even fast-moving prey such as sQuid.
允许它们可以捕捉到快速活动的猎物比如期鱼
Faster than a speeding bullet.
比流弹还要快
The presence of so many boisterous and playful seals
看到有那么多好玩的海狗出现
seems to bode well for this population.
预示着这个群体的健康
It's clear that the waters of the Southern Ocean
很显然 南海水域
still support an amaZing amount of marine life.
依然支撑许多海洋生命
But they are changing,
但是海洋正在变化
and much faster than anywhere else in the world.
比世界上其它地方的海洋还要快
The team has seen the devastating effects of warming waters here,
探险队已经目睹海水瞪化所带来的毁灭性影呐
especially on kelp forests.
尤其是对海藻森林
So, can anything be done to save them?
所以 有什么办法可以拯救它们？
People don't care about kelp.
人们不在乎海藻
Everyone's worried about the dolphins and the whales,
都担心海脉和鲸鱼
and they should be worried about the kelp
他们应该担心一下海藻
'cause they are the ecosystem engineers.
因为海藻是生态系统的工程师
They're the ones that create the structure
是它们为栖息地
for the rest of the habitat.
构建框架
It's one of the reasons why ecosystem management
所以生态系统的管理
is one of the most important things in marine conservation and marine biology.
是海洋保护和海洋生物学最重要的事情之一
You've got to look at the ecosystem, you can't just pick one species
你要关注生态系统不能只关注一种动物
and attempt to conserve that because it doesn't work.
并且试图保护它 因为这样是不行的
Philippe has heard about a ground-breaking new study
菲利普听说过一种石破天惊的新式研究
that could help restore balance to Tasmania's kelp ecosystems.
它可以帮助塔斯马尼亚岛的海藻生态系统重新找到平衡
Today, he and Tooni are joining this project
今天 他和托妮要加入这个项目
to take part in a special event,
参与到一项特殊的事件中去
one that's the culmination of years of research and planning.
那可是多年研究和计划的结晶
Hi. Hello.
嗨 你好
Good morning. I'm Tooni.
早安 我是托妮
Dr Craig Johnson and his team
克雷格·约翰逊博士及其团队
plan to release hundreds of large rock lobsters
计划释放几百只大龙虾
into damaged kelp areas.
到受到破坏的海藻水域
So these guys have been out for a little while so they're fairly docile.
这些动物已经上岸一段时间现在很听话
Yeah.
是的
He's collected the lobsters from deep offshore waters.
他从深海里捕捉到龙虾
They're one of the few natural predators of the sea urchins
龙虾是海胆为数不多的天敌之
that have been decimating Tasmania's kelp beds.
海胆破坏了塔斯马尼亚岛的海藻海床
Craig's team is hoping these lobsters will feast on the sea urchins.
克雷格的队伍希望这些龙虾会吃掉这些海胆
This could bring their numbers under control
把海胆的数量控制下来
so the dwindling kelp has a chance to recover.
好让海藻有机会恢复
About two-thirds of the animals will be released on the urchin barren
三分之二的龙虾将会被放到满是海胆的荒地上
and one lot into the adjacent seaweed.
三分之一放到海藻附近
We don't know anywhere else in the world that's...
我们不知道世界上还有哪个地方会
moved such a large number of
用这么多的龙虾
large lobsters to look for ecosystem level effects like this.
来恢复生态系统
Yeah, right.
对
Oh, my God, the weight of him.
天啊 看它的重量
All the lobsters need to be scanned
所有的龙虾都要被打上条形码
for individual microchip numbers.
装上个体微型芯片
Then they can be tracked after their release.
释放之后就可以追踪
4480, done.
4480 好了
Look at that. Look at that.
看啊
A monster, it's amazing.
怪物啊 真神奇
Easy there, buddy.
悠着点
I've got a live one.
我抓到了一只活的