向深海出发（2008）

and it doesn't need to be lashed down because the forecast is good.
没必要担心 因为预报说天气很好
NARRATOR:The Indian Ocean is the engine
印度洋就是引起世界上
for some of the most unpredictable weather on the planet.
那些最不可遇见的天气的引擎
It can trigger floods, droughts and famine.
它能引发洪灾 旱灾和饥荒
Heavy rains are caused as warm water evaporates from the surface of the sea,
暴雨是应为海面的暖水蒸气形成的
which can reach 28 degrees centigrade.
那些蒸汽可达到28度
The rapid changes in air pressure creates spiralling winds.
这种气压的快速改变引起旋风
In extreme conditions, this can produce cyclones.
在极端条件下 还能引起肥风
The waters off Zanzibar might hold information
赞比亚的水可能包合些信息
that could help protect millions of people
能够帮助保护上百万人
against these potentially catastrophic storms.
来对抗这些潜在的肥风
But as the team arrives,
但是当队伍到达时
They're about to take part in ground-breaking research
他们要分开去研究
to try and predict the violent storms that strike this coastline.
试看去预报那些袭击海岸线的肥风
They'll be working with an international group of coral scientists.
他们会跟一群国际珊瑚专家一起工作
Surprisingly, coral holds a unique record
令人惊喜的是 珊瑚有关于天气的
of climate information.
奇特的记录
What we're really looking for is to get this boat
我们在寻找就是
just as close in as possible.
尽量靠近这船
NARRATOR:So they're going to drill
他们要开始钻了
samples of the coral here for the first time.
第一次取珊瑚样本
WOMAN:We have a lot of data from the open ocean,
从海面上我们有很多的资料
but we haven't got much data from... Right.
但是我们没有获得来自──对
From the coast. From the African coast.
来自海岸的─来自非洲海岸
MAN:All suited up and ready to go.
都换好装准备出发了
Tooni's on the way here. Yeah, looks good.
托妮正赶来 看起来很好
NARRATOR:Scientists have realised that as coral grows,
科学家意识到 珊瑚的成长
it's affected by different weather conditions,
受不同气候条件的影响
so its growhh pattern over the years
随着年龄的增长
creates a record of past climate.
创建了一个过去气候的记录
And that could be used to predict future weather.
那能够用来预测未来的天气
TOONI:I'll go low. PAUL:Okay, mate.
我的在低点─好的
NARRATOR:Coral grows at about one centimetre a year,
珊瑚每年长大概1厘米
so the larger it is, the older it is.
所以越大的珊瑚 年龄越老
Yeah, I got it, Tooni.
我知道了
It's three metres, 1 0 centimetres.
方310厘米
TOONI:So, that lot there is over 300 years old.
那么这个珊瑚有300多岁了
NARRATOR:Locked inside this coral
珊瑚里面
is a detailed record of three centuries of local weather.
是一个三个世纪以来对本地气候的精密记载
We've got a perfect 300-year dataset.
我们得到了一个极好的300年的资料
NARRATOR:And to get that information, they need to drill a core
为了得到那些信息 他们需要
to the heart of the coral.
在珊瑚中心钻孔
PAUL:We've got to steady this drill here or it's just going to run around.
我们要稳稳的钻
Once we get a couple of inches down,
一旦我们钻进去几英吋
it'll steady itself, but we've got to steady it now.
它自己很稳定 但是我们现在也要稳定
NARRATOR:Coral has growhh bands within it.
这里面有些珊瑚的成长年轮
Like tree rings, each band is a year's growhh,
就像树的环 一个轮代表长了一年
so the coral can be aged accurately.
这样珊瑚我年轮就可以精确的算出来
TOONI:That's the first coral core out.
这是第一次钻取珊瑚
PAUL:Got it! TOONI:There's the first one.
知道了─这是第一个
This is the only live bit of this whole section.
这里是这个地区唯一存活的
All of this is dead material.
其它的都是死的
So you can see that's why this colony can recover quite quickly
你可以看到为什么这个会恢复的那么快
from a process that looks quite destructive.
从一个看起来是毁灭性的过程中
And all of this is data
所有这些都是资料
on what has been happening in the ocean and the atmosphere
记载了这个海洋这里的大气环境中发生了什么
over the past roughly 40 years or so.
在过去的大约4o年中
And in the end, we'll have a whole three metres' worth
最后我们还舍得到3米的东西
and a whole 300 years of data.
300年的资料
PHILIPPE:Should we get this up? LUCY:Yeah, absolutely.
你要吧这个带上来?─当然
NARRATOR:Back on the ship,
回到船上
Lucy and Philippe are preparing a dark room to examine the coral.
露西和菲利普准备在晴空去检查珊瑚
So, apparently, this is best if we lay it out.
很明显 如果我们能成功这就是最好的
All right. 'Cause you can see the coral.
对─因为你能看见珊瑚
NARRATOR:So far, they've drilled out a 40-year record of the climate.
现在他们只钻了大约40年的气候资料
But to predict the future weather accurately,
但是要准确的预测天气
they need to go much further back in time.
他们还需要做很多
TOONI:Right, that is the second piece of coral that we've got!
这是我们得到的第二片
PAUL:Hey! Here's our number two.
嘿 这是我们第二片了
That's our second one. There's the top.
这是我们第二个 这是上部
NARRATOR:They'll begin to analyse the centuries of climate information
他们将要开始分♥析♥数世纪以来的气候信息
on board the expedition ship.
在探险船上
CRAIG:That's the live section that we drilled, the bit that we can see.
但是我们钻的活的部分我们能见到的部分
TOONI:Yeah.
耶
NARRATOR:Oceanographer Craig Grove is using a new technique
海洋学家克雷格﹒格拉夫正在运用新的技术
to read the weather data from this core with ultraviolet light.
运用紫外线来读取里面的资料
When you get the monsoon coming over, a large amount of rainfall,
季风来临的时候 就会有大量的降雨
you get these luminescent bandings that occur.
你就能看到那些光环
LUCY:Okay.
好的
NARRATOR:The UVlight reveals bright bands
紫外线能显示出那些
which are formed during heavy rains.
在雨季形成的光环
Well, the brightest bands indicate the most extreme wet weather,
光环越亮 说明气候越湿洞
and that's what we're looking for.
那就是我们在寻找的
And by counting these bands,
通过数这些环
we can date these climate events and when they occur.
我们可以推算那种气候出现的时间
LUCY:So, you can find, like, a Ras Kisimani event?
那么你能找到像吉斯马尼角事件?
So, we want 1 872.
我们想1872年
1 872...
1872…
NARRATOR:Lucy is keen to see if she can identify one particular cyclone
露西很想知道她是否能确认一次特别的肥风
that wiped out an important trading settlement here,
那对这里有重要影响
so they count back almost 1 40 years along the core.
他们追溯到140年前
LUCY:Are we going to see, what, a wider band or a denser band?
我们要看宽环还是窄环?
CRAIG:Yeah, well, it depends on the intensity of the rain.
那依赖于雨的密度
If there was a cyclone, it would be quite bright, so...
如果有肥风 这就会很亮
And, uh, if it was prolonged, it would be quite wide.
如果持续很长时间 就会很宽
Oh, well, already you can see that there's a glow
你已经看到这里有个
coming straight from that. LUCY:Yeah.
直接那样─是的
CRAIG:That's exactly it, yeah. It's a really bright, wide band.
那确实是─真的很亮 很宽
Yeah, you can see it, can't you?
你能看见 对吗?
That means that there was intense rainfall that year.
这意味看那年那里有很重的雨
That could well be a cyclone.
可能是肥风
There you go. So, yeah, you can...
你去这儿 你可以
NARRATOR:By studying the coral record to find patterns
根据珊瑚的记录
of extreme weather in the past,
去发现以前的极端气温
they hope to develop more accurate computer forecasting.
他们希望能做更准确的电脑预报
That will help the people living here
那对这里居住的人有帮助
by enabling them to prepare for potentially devastating weather.
帮助他们为潜在的灾害天气做预防
The team is now heading south
队伍现在往南边前进
to search for one of the most vulnerable coastal species,
去寻找最有价值的海洋物种
one that lives in shallow mangrove lagoons.
一种生活在红树湖的
A species at the mercy of an immense global trade.
在巨大的全球贸易支配下的一种物种
The seahorse.
海马
Seahorses are getting wiped out in many cases,
海马由于很多原因在消失
all around the world, wherever they can be caught.
在世界上能抓到海马的地方
So, to explore the issue
为了这个观点
and also contribute a little bit to science,
也为了对科学做点贡献
and to conservation science,
去保护自然
is really special, I think.
我想是很特别的
NARRATOR:In one year, it was estimated that
在一年内 据估计
as many as a quarter of a million seahorses
有25万的海马
were exported from Tanzanian waters.
在坦桑尼亚被出口
The trade is driven by the huge demand for them
对于它们的贸易需求量很大
in traditional Eastern medicines.
在传统的东方医学中
Seahorses are highly prized around the world
海马在世界范围内被高度赞扬
for multiple different reasons. Eastern cultures, you know,
有很多的原因 东方文化
use them for aphrodisiacal properties,
用它们来增强性♥欲♥
they use them for medicinal, you know, reasons,
他们也做药用
so they're being, you know, heavily hunted still around the world.
于是海马被大量捕杀
NARRATOR:The team will help assess the impact of the trade
队伍要去了解贸易的影响
by collecting information about this seahorse population.
通过收集海马的数量的信息