BBC地球系列：非洲（2013）

driving up the humidity and temperature.
一场暴风雨即将来临
A storm is brewing.
刚果也许是非洲资源最丰富的地区
The Congo might be the richest part of Africa,
但也是最"暴♥力♥"的地区
but it's also the most violent.
每年都会有上亿条闪电
Each year, as many as 100 million lightning bolts
划过雨林的上空
strike the forest.
次数之多 堪称世界之最
That's more than anywhere else in the world.
电闪雷鸣之后便是倾盆大雨
And with the lightning comes the rain.
此地有95%的降水
Up to 95% of the rain that falls here
都是由雨林自己产生的
is generated by the forest itself.
即将到来的洪水
With the deluge will come
对雨林和其中的生物也都会带来改变
change to the animals and to the forest.
那对青蛙来说无疑是完美的天气
It's certainly perfect weather for frogs.
暴风雨预示着这只青蛙即将展开
The big storm is the cue for the most important climb
生命中最重要的一次攀爬
of this frog's life.
这是一只正在寻找配偶的雄蛙
It's a male in search of a mate.
但他若想觅得佳人 就必须爬到顶端
But if he is to find one, he has to get to the top.
他得时刻保持机警
He needs to keep his wits about him,
因为大雨也会引来捕猎者
for the rain also brings out hunters.
轻松搞定
Easy does it.
终于到达了顶端
The top, at last.
但他还是来迟一步
But he's late to the party.
雄蛙占据的位置越高 声音传播得越远
The higher a male sits, the further his voice will carry,
所以顶端的位置非常值得一搏
so the top slots are worth fighting for.
他赢了
And he's won.
他成功占据了顶端优势
He has the top place.
现在该引吭高歌♥了
So now it's time to sing.
一位白腹蛙小姐做出了回应
And a white-bellied female responds.
一对爱侣开始交♥配♥
They join together to mate.
输家恐怕要等到下场暴雨才能再次歌♥唱了
The loser will have to wait for the next storm before he sings again.
母蛙将卵产在长叶植物的叶片上
She lays her eggs on a blade of a long leaf.
公蛙用后腿将叶片折叠
And he, using his back legs, folds it over
再将叶子的两端粘住 把卵包裹其中
and glues its two edges together, shutting the eggs inside.
那个密封的叶巢是大叶皱蛙为自己的后代
This sealed nest is the safest place these leaf-folding frogs
所能找到的最安全的孵化场所
can find to protect their precious brood.
几天之内 蛙卵便开始发育
Within days, the eggs are developing.
时间刚刚好
The timing is perfect.
大雨将叶子冲开 小蝌蚪们趁机
The rain washes away the glue and the tadpoles
从叶片中滑进积满雨水的水坑
slip out of the leaves into the growing puddles below.
雨季进入了顶峰阶段
The rainy season reaches its peak
地面早已改头换面
and the ground has been transformed.
整片森林洪水泛滥
The forest is flooded.
那是个全新的世界
It's a new world.
鱼儿在涨水的溪流中来回游动
Fish swim in from the swollen streams,
在新天地中尽情地探索
exploiting this newly created space,
吞食着被淹死的昆虫
snapping up the drowning insects.
这是一只蝴蝶鱼
This is a butterfly fish.
和一只刚果恐龙鱼
A Congo bichir.
捕猎者变成了猎物
The hunter becomes the hunted.
多亏蝴蝶鱼反应灵敏 才得以逃离危险
The butterfly fish is too quick and leaps out of danger.
洪水逐渐退回到原有的水道
The floods gradually drain back into the established waterways
那些水道如血管一般遍布在雨林中
that run through the forest like blood vessels.
森林中的雨水实在太充沛了
There is so much water flowing through the forest
即使是小小的溪流也能将
that even little rivulets can carve out
古老巨石周围的土壤冲刷殆尽
the soil around an ancient boulder.
此处是一种古老雨林生物的家园
This is the home of one forest creature that has lived
他们在这里已经生存了4400万年
here in the Congo for 44 million years.
岩鹛
Picathartes.
此类鸟是终身配偶制的
These birds mate for life,
雄鸟通过向雌鸟展现羽毛来确认关系
and the male reaffirms the bond by displaying to the female.
鸟夫妻在突出的巨石下面搭建泥巢
They're building a mud nest on the underside of the boulder's overhang,
使其免遭雨水的破坏
where it'll be protected from the rain.
雌鸟率先开始工作
The female takes the lead.
雄鸟似乎对搭巢不是很在行
The male doesn't seem quite so skilful.
哎呀 真糟糕
Oh, dear.
幸运的是 她可以及时挽救
Luckily, she can put things right.
现在她在收集巢内铺垫物
Now she's collecting the soft furnishings.
他也找了些 可惜还是做不对
He's brought some, too, but he still can't get it right.
最终 雌鹛布置好了小窝
In the end, the female seems satisfied with the finish -
也正是时候
and just in time.
虽然他看上去像是被赶出了家去淋雨
It might look as if he has been banished into the rain,
但实际上 他们是一对好夫妻
but in fact, they're a great team.
他们轮流孵卵
They share the incubation,
每12小时轮换 持续孵了三周
12 hours on, 12 hours off, for the next three weeks.
不久后 小鹛就出世了
In due course, there are mouths to feed,
而雄鹛要开始证明自身价值了
and now the male must prove his worth.
他捉回了许多蠕虫 是个不错的开始
Worms are a good start, and he's doing well.
但是 幼鹛们十分贪得无厌
But the chicks are insatiable.
幸好 菜单上还有其他食物
Fortunately, other things are on the menu.
他或许筑巢很差劲
He might be a poor nest-builder,
但现在终于挽回了点面子
but he is redeeming himself now.
幸福小家庭
Domestic bliss!
白颈岩鹛只会在
Rocky overhangs are the only place
悬垂的岩石壁上筑巢
where Picathartes will build their nest,
所以他们得感谢小溪
so they owe their home to the stream
帮他们冲出了巨岩的悬侧面
that revealed the flank of the giant boulder.
眼前的小溪和其他数不清的涓流
This stream and countless others like it
最终汇聚并形成了中非地区的河流
merge to form the great rivers of Central Africa.
4500多亿公升的雨水
More than 450 billion litres of rainwater,
沿着数千条河道 向西流淌
travelling down thousands of rivers, are heading west.
河水沿着河道流淌
The waters pick up speed
溢过中部高原的边缘时 突然加速
as the rivers spill over the edge of the central plateau
形成白色浪花的巨型瀑布
and create giant cascades of white water.
金刚瀑布在整个非洲最原始的森林中
The Kongou forces its way through the wildest, most untouched forest
强行冲出了河道
in the whole of Africa.
刚果河水系的排水面♥积♥相当于整个印度
The Congo river system drains an area the size of India,
将河水向西运送入大西洋
carrying the waters westwards towards the Atlantic.
但在它到达海岸线之前 河流拓宽了
But before it reaches the coast, the rivers broaden,
迫使丛林后撤
forcing back the forest.
在这里 第一次有了空间
And here for the first time, there is space.
宽敞 平缓 安全
Wide, flat and safe.
那片绵延的沙滩吸引了来自海岸的游客
These stretches of sand attract visitors from the coast.
寻找安全地方定居的剪嘴鸥
Skimmers searching for somewhere safe to settle.
他们的下喙长得非常长
The lower mandible of their beaks is greatly elongated.
他们能以每秒十米的速度划过水面
They slice it through the surface of the water at ten metres a second.
当下喙碰到小鱼时 会立刻合上
If and when it hits a tiny fish, it'll snap shut.
但为何要逆流而上到这片开阔的沙滩来呢
But why come up river to these open sand flats?
这就是答案
This is the answer.
但这个托儿所无法长♥期♥存在
But this nursery will not exist for long.
再过4周 这里会被十米深的河水淹没
Four weeks from now, it'll be under ten metres of water.
若到那时幼鸥仍不会飞 就会被淹死
If by then these chicks can't fly, they will drown.
幼小的剪嘴鸥在破壳而出时
The problem for young skimmers is that when they hatch,
他们的下喙跟上喙一样长
the lower part of their beaks is the same size as the upper.
等待下喙长长的同时
While they wait for it to grow,
他们会努力学习捕食技巧
they do their best to learn the skimming technique.
开阔的空间可能安全
Open spaces may be safe,
但当倾盆大雨来袭 也无法提供保护
but they give no protection against the driving rain.
暴风雨警告剪嘴鸥们必须尽快离开
These storms are a warning that the skimmers must soon leave.
河水已开始上升
The river is already rising.
今年幼鸥们学会飞的时机刚刚好
This year the chicks get away in time.
不仅是河水
It's not just water
有在森林里开辟道路的能力
that has the power to clear a way through the forest.
有些动物也有这个能力
There are animals that could do that too.
他们在洼地森林里
They have created a network of pathways
创建了一个纵横交错
that criss-cross the lowland forest
四方延伸千里的通道网络
and run for thousands of miles in all directions.
那些开路者出奇得隐秘
These path-makers are surprisingly stealthy.
只有当夜幕降临
But as night falls,
才有机会窥视到他们一眼
there's a chance of catching a glimpse of them.
丛林象是非常喜欢群居的动物
Forest elephants are very social creatures,
但在茂密的丛林中找到彼此并不容易