宇宙时空之旅（2014）

Cosmos: A SpaceTime Odyssey S01E12

Part 5 April 25, 2021, 12:41 p.m.

一天内做完
in a single day.
舒曼在沙漠中取得胜利一年后
A year after Shuman's triumph in the desert,
第一次世界大战爆发了
World War I broke out.
他的太阳能集热器被回收利用做成武器
His solar collectors were recycled into weapons.
弗兰克·舒曼关于太阳能驱动文明的梦
Frank Shuman's dream of a solar-powered civilization
还要再等上一个世纪
would have to wait another century
才能重获新生
before it was reborn.
在世界上还有另一种零排放的
There's another inexhaustible source of clean energy
清洁能源
for the world.
风本身就是由太阳能产生的
The winds themselves are solar powered,
因为太阳驱动着风和波浪
because our Star drives the winds and the waves.
不同于太阳能集热器
Unlike solar collectors,
风力发电场不需要占用多少土地
wind farms take up very little land,
如果建在近岸就不用占一丁点土地
and none at all, if offshore,
那里的风最强
where the winds are strongest.
哪怕我们能利用这能量的百分之一
If we could tap even one percent of their power,
我们也能获得足够的能量来驱动文明社会
we'd have enough energy to run our civilization.
一小时内落在地球上的太阳能
And more solar energy falls on Earth in one hour
就已经超过了人类一整年的
than all the energy our civilization consumes
能源消耗
in an entire year.
如果我们能利用一点点
If we could harness a tiny fraction
可用的太阳能和风能
of the available solar and wind power,
我们的能源需求就永远都能得到满足
we could supply all our energy needs forever,
也不用再向大气中排放碳
and without adding any carbon to the atmosphere.
现在尚不为晚
It's not too late.
未来是值得我们为之奋斗的
There's a future worth fighting for.
我是如何知道的
How do I know?
我们每一个人都是自然选择的幸存者的后代
Every one of us comes from a long line of survivors.
人类最突出的特点就是适应力强
Our species is nothing if not adaptive.
就是因为我们的祖先意识到
It was only because our ancestors learned
要眼光长远应时而动
to think long-term, and act accordingly,
我们才能存在于此
that we're here at all.
我们曾陷入绝境
We've had our backs to the wall before,
但我们都安然度过勇攀新高峰
and we came through to scale new heights.
实际上人类历史上的很多伟大的成就
In fact, the most mythic human accomplishments of all
都是在我们最黑暗的日子取得的
came out of our darkest hour.
曾经存在过这样一个世界
Once there was a world
六万枚核武器准备就绪蓄势待发
rigged with 60,000 hair-triggered nuclear weapons.
这场较量的双方
The combatants were
是世界上最强大的两个国家
the two most powerful countries on Earth,
他们被紧紧地绑在了一起
and they were locked in a deadly embrace,
双方都宣称他们宁可看着
each vowing that they would rather see
这个世界玉石俱焚
everything we love destroyed
也不会屈服于另一方的意志
than submit to the will of the other.
当我三岁时
When I was three years old,
苏联引爆了有史以来
the largest man-made explosion of all time
威力最强的人造炸♥弹♥
was detonated by the Soviet Union.
核恐慌刚刚平息却又有新的恐慌出现了
That terror has subsided, to be replaced by new fears.
全球最大的两千个城市
The danger that the 2,000 largest cities on Earth
在半天内化为废墟的危险
would be reduced to rubble in the space of an afternoon
已经不足为惧了
is no longer one of them.
美国和苏联之间的
The nuclear rivalry between the United States
核对抗
and the Soviet Union
产生出了另一个副产品
had another by-product.
阿波罗登月计划
The Apollo missions to the Moon were an extension
就是美苏间军备竞赛的产物
of the arms race that raged between them.
把人送入地球轨道
Sending people to orbit the Earth
或者送上月球都需要大型的可靠的
or go to the Moon requires big, reliable,
大推力的火箭这与另一种技术一模一样
powerful rockets-- precisely the same technology
你需要这种技术搭载核弹头
you need to carry a nuclear warhead
飞过半个地球
halfway around the planet
去摧毁敌人的最大城市
to destroy your enemy's largest cities.
我相信这个国家
I believe that this nation
一定会达成这个目标
should commit itself to achieving the goal,
在未来的十年里使人登上月球
before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon
并让他安全返回地球
and returning him safely to the Earth.
肯尼迪总统1961年的演讲
President Kennedy's 1961 speech
让整个国家陷入兴奋之中
electrified the nation,
其中包括很多让人印象深刻的远大计划
and it contained much that was remarkably prophetic--
但在关于登月计划的内容中
but not a word about a scientific objective
对于科学目的只字未提
for going to the Moon.
没有对月球起源的探索
No questions about the Moon's origin
也没有把月球样本带回来分♥析♥的想法
or the hope of bringing back samples to analyze.
不阿波罗计划本就是为了
No, the Apollo missions were conceived
展示超级大国的实力
as a demonstration of the superior power
和战略导弹的精确度
and precision of our strategic missiles.
但可笑的是
But a funny thing happened to us
在我们走向月球的途中
on our way to the Moon.
我们回望家园...
We looked homeward...
发现了另一个世界
and discovered another world--
我们自己的世界
our own.
我们这些地球的居民第一次
For the first time, we inhabitants of Earth
有机会能退后一步总览它的全貌
could step back and see it as it really is--
这是一个不可分割的世界
one world, indivisible,
在宇宙环境中显得有点渺小
and kind of small in the cosmic context.
不管我们集中大量人力物力的初衷是什么
Whatever the reason we first mustered the enormous resources
为什么把这些投入到阿波罗计划上
required for the Apollo program,
不管冷战时期我们是如何深陷民族主义的思潮
however mired it was in Cold War nationalism
以及对杀人武器的追求
and the instruments of death,
我们都必须要承认地球的统一性
the inescapable recognition of the unity
以及脆弱性
and fragility of the Earth
是阿波罗计划切实可见的成果
is its clear and luminous dividend,
是阿波罗计划给予我们的意外之礼
the unexpected gift of Apollo.
一个在死亡竞赛中想出的计划
A project conceived in deadly competition
却让我们拥抱彼此
made us recognize our community.
是何方神圣造就了这般世界奇观
What titan built this wonder of the world?
菲律宾的伊富高人
It was the Ifugao people of the Philippines,
几乎完全靠他们的双手劳作
working with not much more than their hands.
约一万年之前我们在世界各地的祖先
About 10,000 years ago, our ancestors all over the world
利用了另一种形式的气候变化
took advantage of another form of climate change,
在间冰期稍显温和的气候中
the gentler climate of the intermission in the ice age--
他们发明了农业
they invented agriculture.
他们放弃了无休止的
They gave up the ceaseless wandering,
流浪捕猎和采集的生活方式
hunting and gathering that had been their way of life
这种方式曾延续了约一百万年
for a million years or so,
他们定居下来生产食物
to settle down and produce food.
他们找到了一种方法
They found a way to harvest
与自然环境给祖先的供给相比
ten to a hundred times more solar energy
能收获十倍到百倍的太阳能
than the environment naturally provided for their ancestors.
全世界的人类都完成了
People all over the world made the difficult transition
从游牧文明到农业文明的艰难转变
from nomadic cultures to agricultural ones
使得太阳能的利用效率大大提高
that used solar energy more efficiently.
文明得以产生
It gave rise to civilization.
我们站在那些完成艰苦工作的人的肩膀上
We stand on the shoulders of those who did the hard work
他们为我们实现了最基础的转变
that such a fundamental transformation required.
现在...轮到我们了
Now... it's our turn.
曾经存在过这样一个世界...
Once there was a world...
如果金星上曾经存在过生命它也没有机会
If life ever existed on Venus, it would have had no chance
扭转这个世界的可怕命运
to avert the hellish destiny of this world.
这失控的温室效应无法阻挡
This runaway greenhouse effect was unstoppable.
曾经...
Once...
存在过这样一个世界...
there was a world...
我们的世界
ours.
这个世界就是现在
And that world is now.
没有什么科学技术的障碍
There are no scientific or technological obstacles
会阻止我们保护世界
to protecting our world
和这个世界所供养的宝贵生命
and the precious life that it supports.
这都要看
It all depends...
我们真正珍惜的是什么
on what we truly value...
以及我们能否付诸行动
and if we can summon the will to act.