硅谷发明家：吸血成金

能改变我们当时的认知
in terms of early detection and prevention.
我申请了第一个专利
I filed my first patent.
有一天 Elizabeth来找我
One day, Elizabeth came to me
向我描述了她的想法
and she described her idea.
她想把微流体和纳米技术
She wanted to incorporate microfluidics
结合到一个贴片上
and nanotechnology into a patch,
可以用它来采集血样
where you could sample the blood,
检测到某种感染
and detect an infection,
然后在同时 通过该过程传输抗生素
and then at that point, deliver antibiotics through it.
只是 你是做不到的 生理上来说不可能
Well, you can't do that. It's impossible, physically
抗生素没这么强的效果 你做不到的
Antibiotics are not potent. You cannot do that.
我们使用那么大的输液袋是有原因的 好的
There's a reason you have a big IV bag when- - Okay.
我就说 "Elizabeth 想法很有趣
So I said, "Elizabeth, that's fun,
可是我觉得不实用"
but I don't think that's going to work."
她当时只有19岁
She was a 19- year- old.
她从不认为自己有任何限制
She never thought she had any limits.
那时的她将会征服全世界
She was going to conquer the world.
她回来找了我两次 我记得
She came back twice, I think.
可我就是
And I just really...
我会试着帮助学生们 可我觉得我帮不到你什么
"I try to help students, but I just feel I can't help you.
你都没在听我说
"You're not listening,
但我会帮你找其他人说说看
but I'll help you find someone else to talk to."
这里曾经是我顾问的办公室
This used to be my advisor's office.
我们进来吧
We got in.
从我第一次见到她起
From the very first time I met her,
我就很清楚 她非同寻常
it was very clear she was unusual.
我在斯坦福教过几千个学生
I've taught thousands of students,
也可能有几万个学生
probably tens of thousands of students, at Stanford, and...
我当时就知道
I knew right away
我遇到了一个非常与众不同的学生
that I was dealing with something very, very different.
Channing Robinson是斯坦福大学理学系的
Channing Robinson, the head of the science department
负责人 辞去自己的终身教职去为她工作?
at Stanford, leaves his tenured position to work for her?
他认为这个女人十分特别
He just thought this woman was something special.
凝视着她的双眼
You know, gazing into her eyes,
意识到他在跟下一个Jobs或者
and realizing that he was talking to the next...
Bill Gates在谈话
Steve Jobs or Bill Gates.
在我们谈话的过程中
There were some other names mentioned
还提到了一些其他人的名字 例如阿基米德
during the course of our conversation, like Archimedes.
其实我原本没有从斯坦福辍学的打算
I actually, originally, did not intend to drop out of Stanford,
但是我一门课都没去上 所以...
- but I wasn't going to any classes, and so then...
逻辑上来说 就是在浪费钱
...logistically, it just seemed like a waste of money.
问题在于 年仅19岁 你是怎样进行
The question was, as a 19- year- old, how do you go about the process
说服人们你知道你在做什么的过程呢
of convincing people that you know what you're doing,
然后还能圆♥满♥完成这件事 嗯
and that you can pull it off. Um...
我认为第一件事就是要认识到
I think the first piece is realizing
这并不一定跟年龄有关
that it's not necessarily about age, and...
有人 比如Steve Jobs和Bill Gates
um, people, like Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates,
还有谷歌♥的创始人
and the Google guys,
Michael Dell以及Larry Ellison
and Michael Dell, and Larry Ellison,
等等 已经说明了这一点
and others, have demonstrated that.
你必须对自己很有自信
You have to have the conviction
相信能让事情成功
in yourself to be able to make something happen
因为那最终都取决于你自己
because, ultimately, it's up to you.
我认为我并不想创造一个
You know, I don't think I would want to create
人们对自己能取得的成就
a society where people were not overconfident
不过分自信的社会
in what they could achieve.
比如要开一家餐厅
Like who would open a restaurant
如果对厨艺都不自信 那么谁会
if that was the case, or who would...
谁会去创业呢
who would do a startup?
可我认为这就是问题所在
But I think this is really the issue,
一方面 你怎么成为一个
is to say how do you become a person of vision
有预见力的人
on one hand,
而另一方面你怎么去
and how do you sell that vision
推销你的这个预见
on the other hand,
可是你还想要
but you also want to stay...
不现实 不过 也许要有一点靠近现实
not realistic, but, you know, little closer to realistic
当这个任务需要保持现实的时候
when the task needs it.
你得有能力不听信自己的胡说八道
You have to be able not to buy your own bullshit.
没错
Yes.
你在2004年组建了公♥司♥
You incorporate the company in '04.
- 是的 - 在这之间的9年里发生了什么呢
- Yeah. - What happened in the intervening nine years?
在那段时间里我们是为
Our work during that period of time
制药公♥司♥工作的
was for pharmaceutical companies,
还有为军方开♥发♥应用程序
and for developing applications for the military.
可是这个模式现在将要逐渐进化
But that model's going to evolve now
因为我们正处于公♥司♥生命周期的另一个转折点
'cause we're at another inflection point in our life cycle
你在考虑IPO(首次公开募股)还是
But are you thinking about an IPO or...
我们确实相信作为一家
Well, we really believe that there's value
私营公♥司♥是有价值的
in being a private company.
这允许我们在还没完成和引进之前
It's allowed us to not have to talk about,
不用谈论我们在做什么
you know, what we're doing until it's done and introduce,
令人难以置信的革新在没有...
you know, incredible innovation without...
仅仅是把她所讲的故事作为事业成功的蓝图
Using just her story as the blueprint for success,
Holmes就可以说服私人投资者们
Holmes would convince private investors
在看都没看审计过的财务报表
to put up hundreds of millions of dollars
的情况下给她投资了数亿美元
without ever looking at audited financial statements.
我们倾向于认为投资是一项理性的方程式
We like to think that investing is a rational equation,
一份小心翼翼的风险与回报的资产负债表
a careful balance sheet of risk and reward.
可事实上 投资者们
But in fact, investors,
特别是早期入市的那些人
particularly ones who come in early,
都经常被他们的直觉所引导
are often guided by their gut.
早期投资者更像是在碰运气
Instead of relying on facts,
而不是依赖于事实
early investing can be more like a wing and a prayer.
Credit (信用) 这个词是从拉丁语的credo来的
The word credit comes from the Latin word credo ,
意思是 我相信
which means "I believe."
这些早期的信徒们包括
Some of the early believers included
苹果公♥司♥前软件部门的领导 Avie Tevanian
a former head of software at Apple, Avie Tevanian,
甲骨文的创始人 Larry Ellison
Oracle's founder, Larry Ellison,
和一位甲骨文的创始投资人 Don Lucas
and a founding investor of Oracle, Don Lucas.
他们给Elizabeth带来了体面
They conferred respectability on Elizabeth,
尽管他们并没有可参考的记录
even though they had no record to go on,
只是模糊地认为她(的公♥司♥)有把
just a vague belief that business and medicine
商业和医学结合的能力
were in her blood.
我想她那时大概是21岁
I think she probably was 21 years old,
在商业方面没什么背景
had no background in business,
但是她的曾祖父是个企业家
but her great- grandfather was an entrepreneur.
那是她企业家的一面
So, that's on the entrepreneur's side,
但她自己是从事医学
but she was on the medical side.
后来又发现
Ah, turns out later
他们住的附近的一家医院
the hospital in there, where they live
就是以她叔爷爷(或者舅爷爷)的名字命名的
is named after her great- uncle,
他从事医学相关工作 所以她两边都具备了
who was involved with medicine, so she came by both of these...
这里所必需的两件事
the two things that are necessary here,
一个是医学背景 另一个企业家
one medicine and the other entrepreneur...
自然而然
quite naturally.
我还记得Elizabeth来的那一天
I remember the day Elizabeth came in,
充满了精神和活力
full of vim and vigor,
她说 "我从斯坦福退学了"
and said, "I'm dropping out of Stanford."
我认识她的父母
And I knew her parents,
我认识她和她兄弟 看着他们长大的
and I knew her and her brother as they were growing up.
她是我女儿的好友之一
She was a good friend of my daughter's.
我说 "你♥爸♥妈知道
I said, "Do your parents know
你要从斯坦福退学吗" 她说
you're dropping out of Stanford?" She said,
"是的 他们同意了 这是件好事啊
"Yes, yes! And they agree, and it's a great thing.
我在斯坦福学到了
"And I learned at Stanford
整个医疗保健是怎么运作的
"how this whole health care thing is working,
可它并不成功"
and it's just not."
然后她说 "我将改变我们认知里
And then she said, "I'm going to change health care
医疗健康系统" 我完全深信不疑
as we know it." I was all over it.
我当时认为那是个绝佳的机会
I thought that was a great opportunity.