硅谷发明家：吸血成金

并拍摄了第一部商业电影 打铁匠
and the very first commercial movie, Blacksmithing Scene.
他的公♥司♥拍了超过1200部电影
His company produced over 1,200 films,
包括纪录片和剧情片 这里面还有第一个银屏之吻
documentaries and fiction films, including the first screen kiss.
但爱迪生最伟大的发明可能是他自己
But Edison's greatest invention may have been himself.
第一位知名商人
The first celebrity businessman,
爱迪生的秘诀在于他知道如何讲述一个好故事
Edison's secret was knowing how to tell a good story,
一个把他自己塑造成主角的好故事
in which he cast himself as the main character.
他的绰号♥是"门罗公园巫师"
"The Wizard of Menlo Park,"
一个能在实验室里召唤出任何东西的男人
a man who could conjure anything in his laboratory.
他拥有超过2000项专利
He had his name on over 2,000 patents,
包括电报 真空泵 电动汽车等
from telegraphs to vacuum pumps to electric cars.
但他经常承诺的多兑现的少
But he often promised far more than he could deliver.
1878年纽约太阳报刊登了一篇爱迪生的声明
In 1878, the New York Sun printed a claim by Edison
声称他已经解开了白炽灯之谜
that he had solved the mystery of the incandescent light bulb.
但其实那不是真的
But it wasn't true.
他的灯丝老是融化
His filaments kept melting.
当记者和投资者要求他演示的时候 他欺骗了他们
When reporters and investors asked for demonstrations, he faked them.
他给了记者们公♥司♥股票让他们保持态度友好
To keep journalists sympathetic, he gave them stock in his company.
四年来他假装他的发明随时可以销♥售♥
For four years, he pretended his invention was good to go,
而事实却是他一直都在努力实验
even while he scrambled to make it work.
然后 就在他的钱和贷款快用完的时候
Then, just before his money and credit ran out,
他解决了怎么能让灯一直亮着的问题
he solved the problem of how to keep the lights on.
他是第一个实践
He was the first to practice the Silicon Valley art of
"成功之前先假装成功"的硅谷艺术的人
"fake it till you make it."
在爱迪生的第一部电影过去一百多年后
More than a hundred years after Edison's first movies,
Elizabeth Holmes模仿这位伟大的美国发明家
Elizabeth Holmes modeled her own ambitious career
用一台以他名字命名的神奇机器
after the great American inventor,
来塑造自己雄心勃勃的职业生涯
with a magical machine named after the man himself.
这显然是一个令人难以置信的故事
It was obviously such an incredible story.
一个19岁的辍学女孩
The 19- year- old, the dropout,
建立了这家市值90亿美元的创新企业
a woman creating this $9 billion innovative company.
我在那里待了四天
I went out there for four days:
用三天采访她 剩下一天采访其他人
three interviewing her and one interviewing some other people.
你在忙什么
What are you working on?
当她在谈论诊断检测以外的话题时
When she was talking about some subject other than diagnostic testing,
她显得没那么吸引人 非常天真
she was very unprepossessing, very ingenuous.
而当她开始讨论那个使命...
When she began to talk about... the mission,
或是她的事业的时候 就像变了个人似的
or the, you know, her business, then there was a shift,
她变得非常非常专注 非常紧张
and she became very, very focused, very intense.
对一切事物都牢牢把控
Firm control of all the facts.
没什么问题能让她感到惊讶
No question surprised her.
令人印象非常深刻 非常理想主义
Um... very impressive, and very idealistic.
我们是第一本把我身边这位
We were the first to put on the cover
神奇女性的故事放上封面的杂♥志♥
and write a major story about this amazing woman next to me.
"一心为血的CEO"
"This CEO Is Out for Blood."
这是Elizabeth第二次接受公开现场采访
This is Elizabeth's second public live interview...
即便她还不是财富500强公♥司♥领导人
Fortune invited her to the Most Powerful Women's conference,
财富杂♥志♥也邀请她参加了最具影响力的女性大会
even though she wasn't the head of a Fortune 500 company.
她对我们说
And she was saying to us,
"我是这些人当中唯一一个创立公♥司♥的人"
"I'm the only one of these people that founded a company."
"你知道的 她们都是CEO"
You know, "They're CEOs,
"没错 但我创立了这家公♥司♥"
"yeah, but I founded this company.
"我发明了这家公♥司♥所从事的事物"
"I invented what this company is about.
"我配得上这里"
I deserve to be here."
有时候我跟别人聊天的时候
I'll talk with people sometimes,
他们会说"我想要创业"
they'll say,"Oh, you know, I want to start a business."
我就会问他们为什么想创业
And my question is always why,
因为总得有个使命吧
because there's gotta be a mission.
我听说过Theranos
I had heard about Theranos
还有Elizabeth Holmes
and Elizabeth Holmes, a woman executive
这位正在男性主导的硅谷
in the male- dominated Silicon Valley,
创办一家真正具有社会福利的公♥司♥的女性
who was starting a company with some real potential social good.
我写了很多颠覆性的东西
I write a lot about disruption,
而Theranos的目标就是
and Theranos was aimed to be a disrupter
破坏既定的做事方式
of the established ways of doing things,
既定的 低效的 昂贵的做事方式
the established, inefficient, and expensive ways of doing things.
她打算在这个国家掀起医疗革命
And she was going to herald a revolution in medical treatment in this country.
实验室行业需要颠覆
The lab industry needed disrupting.
这个行业被Quest和LabCorp两个公♥司♥主导
It was dominated by two companies: Quest and LabCorp.
他们控制了近80%的市场
Between them, they controlled almost 80% of the market.
他们的血液检测价格一直很高也不透明
Their blood test prices were always high and never transparent.
他们曾因为向医疗补助和医疗保险多收取了数十亿美元而被起诉
They were sued for overcharging Medicaid and Medicare for billions of dollars.
但因为他们的运营规模
But the size of their operations,
以及他们能进行一千多种血液检测的能力
including the ability to do over a thousand different blood tests,
别的公♥司♥很难挑战他们
made them difficult to challenge.
直到Elizabeth和爱迪生的出现
Until Elizabeth Holmes and Edison.
她建立了一个700人的团队
She had built a staff of 700 people.
我去参观了加利福尼亚州纽瓦克的生产车间
Well, I went out to look at the Newark, California, facility,
非常棒
which was extraordinary.
她的故事非常吸引人
Well, you know, her story's so compelling.
仔细想想
I mean, if you think about it,
你走过去然后看到这位女性住在公♥寓♥里
you go in and you see this woman lives in an apartment- -
基本上 她把她的公♥寓♥叫做床垫
basically, she called her apartment a mattress.
她的冰箱里只有瓶装水
The only thing in the refrigerator was bottled water.
她在办公室解决三餐
She ate all the meals at the office.
每天只睡四小时
She slept four hours a day.
在办公室工作到半夜左右
She worked in the office till midnight or thereabouts.
你问她 你会去约会吗 "不 我没那个时间"
You ask, do you date? "No, I don't have ti- -
"我嫁给了Theranos"
I'm married to Theranos."
这是她的原话
That was her- - that's literally her words,
她就是这么跟我说的 我也相信了
what she said to me, and I believed it.
你经常穿黑色套装 为什么
You wear black outfits a lot. Why?
因为按照我的人生规划
Because in line with the...
我要把我所有的精力都投入到这件事上
designing my life to be able to give every bit of energy I have to this,
我有个衣橱 里面有很多一模一样的套装
I have a closet that has a very large number of the exact same set of clothes,
我每天就穿一样的衣服
and every single day, I put the same thing on,
不需要去考虑穿什么
and I don't have to think about it.
Steve Jobs也是这么说的
Steve Jobs used to say that, too.
他穿牛仔裤
He wore jeans.
很显然 Steve Jobs是她的偶像
She was obviously, you know, Steve Jobs was her hero.
我就觉得 她还年轻
And I just felt, oh, well, she's a young person.
你总得让他们崇拜点什么
You know, I'll give them their little hero worship thing.
我非常钦佩Jobs所做的一切
I'm a tremendous admirer of what Jobs did.
我觉得他是个天才
I think he was a genius.
我必须承认 我从七岁起就一直穿黑色高领毛衣
I do have to disclose that I've been in black turtlenecks since I was seven.
我想简短的谈一下
I want to talk for just a minute about
现在这家公♥司♥意味着什么
what it means to be in this company right now.
昨天我和巴西总统共进午餐
I was sitting yesterday with the president of Brazil for lunch,
这位女士邀请了我
and this woman had invited me,
Google的Eric Schmidt 还有Mark Zuckerberg
and Eric Schmidt from Google, and Mark Zuckerberg,
以及Airbnb的人 Uber的人和其他一些人
and the Airbnb guys, and the Uber guys, and a bunch of other people,
她和所有这些人一起坐在桌前
and she sits down at the table with all these people,
而我们都戴着耳机听翻译
and we all have the headphones on, translators,
她说 "巴西的战略重点
and she says, "The strategic priority of Brazil
是获得低成本诊断途径
"is to get access to low cost diagnostics
以促进早期发现 预防和..."
that can facilitate early detection - and prevention and..."
我们都坐在那里 你能看到
We're all kind of sitting there, and you can see, like,
其他所有CEO的脸色就好像...
all the other CEOs' faces being like...
不想成为众人瞩目的焦点一样
not wanting to be the ones in the spotlight,
她这么说了有一个半小时
and she kept on doing this for like an hour and a half.
当然 我试着表现得谦虚一点 但...
And so, of course, I'm trying to, you know, be humble, but I'm...
我第一次见到她的时候
When I first met her,
就觉得她真的很有趣
I thought she was really interesting.
你很难真的做到了解她
It was... It was hard to really get a sense of who she was,
但在某种程度上 基于我读过的少量资料
but in a way, I felt I idolized her in so many ways,
我觉得我在很多方面都崇拜她
based on, like, the little that I had read.
很高兴认识你 我是Elizabeth
Nice to meet you. I'm Elizabeth.
不管是作为女性科学家 还是作为女性技术人员
For being a woman in the sciences, being a woman in tech,
她创立了自己的公♥司♥这件事
the fact that she started her own company,
就让我非常兴奋
that really got me excited.