汪星人的奇思妙想（2024）

to really support these amazing dogs
在支持这些了不起的狗
从事搜索和救援工作
that were doing
the search-and-rescue work.
我们需要建立一个项目
来让我们研究狗
We needed a program
that we could research the dogs,
让我们能理解狗
we could understand the dogs,
改善这些狗的身心健康与福祉
and improve the health,
the well-being, the welfare of these dogs,
并且提高它们的数量
因为搜救狗需要做的工作太多
and the availability because there weren't
enough of these search-and-rescue dogs
而它们的数量实在太少了
to do the jobs that we're asking for them.
在工作犬中心这儿
我们在寻找一些非常不同的狗
Here at the Working Dog Center,
we're looking
for very, very different types of dogs.
我们知道在一窝小狗中
那几只坐不住的
We know, in any litter,
the dogs that won't sit still
会很乐意从事侦探类的、活跃的工作
really want to work
in detection-type, active jobs.
任何需要用狗鼻子进行的工作
Anything that dogs do with their noses.
搜索与救援
Search and rescue.
[barking]
干得漂亮
Nice job!
爆♥炸♥侦测
[Otto] Explosive detection.
毒品侦测
Drug detection.
[sniffing]
医学检测
[Otto] Medical detection.
[sniffing]
要做这些
它们的身体必须足够强壮
[Otto] And so they have to have
the physical strength,
它们必须拥有
我们称之为“身体意识”的东西
and they have to have
what we call body awareness.
这些狗需要爬梯子
需要在不平稳的地面上行进
These dogs are climbing ladders,
they're navigating unstable surfaces.
它们必须有那样的力量和意识
They have to have that strength,
that awareness.
它们几乎就像体操运动员一样
They're almost like gymnasts.
在有了这个犬类指标计划后
我们的狗个个都身型健硕
our dogs are physically fit…
By having the Canimetrics program,
干得好 姑娘
[woman] Good job, girly.
这允许它们在工作时更加安全
[Otto] …which allows them to work
in a safer manner.
我们会让它们在进行活动前先热身
We do warm-ups before they do activities.
很好
Good.
我们还会让狗做平板支撑
这是在训练核心肌肉群的力量
[Otto] We actually have dogs doing planks,
which is core-strength training,
这对它们的腹部肌肉和背部肌肉
有奇佳的锻炼效果
and it's amazing what that does
for their abdominal muscles,
their back muscles.
在美国 大多数狗都是超重的
Most dogs in the United States
are actually overweight,
这会缩短它们的寿命
and that shortens their life
up to two years
只要超重10%到20%
就可能缩短至多两年
when we're talking about
10 to 20% overweight.
所以保持这些狗的强壮与健康
对我们来说是至关重要的
So it's really important for us
to keep these dogs strong and healthy.
乖孩子 干得好
[woman] Good girl. Nice job.
在野外 狼是不需要练体操的
[narrator] In the wild,
wolves don't need calisthenics.
身体健壮与否 是生与死的差别
Being fit is the difference
between life and death.
狗既是猎物又是捕食者
Dogs are both prey and predator.
[dramatic music playing]
所以 它们的奔跑能力
不仅要用于逃跑
So they were trying to escape,
or they had to use that ability to run
它们还需要通过奔跑来追捕食物
才能生存下来
in order to chase down food to survive.
[barking]
如果你拿灰猎犬与其他犬种相比
[Lee] If you look at a greyhound,
compared to other breeds,
它们的后腿肌肉
比寻常的狗要多出12%
they can have 12% more muscle
in their hind limbs than the average dog.
灰猎犬的奔跑速度
最多可达70公里每小时 挺了不起的
[Draper] A greyhound runs
up to 45 miles an hour.
Pretty impressive.
狗的平均跑速
大约在20到30公里每小时
The average speed of dogs
is about 15 to 20 miles per hour.
还有巴吉度猎犬
Then you have the Basset Hound,
它们拥有惊天地泣鬼神的速度
每小时10公里
who has the mind-blowing speed
of five miles per hour.
["Ride of the Valkyries"
by Wagner playing]
[music warps]
并不是每条狗都能跑得很快
[narrator] They might not
all be the fastest,
但狗是大自然中精英级的耐力运动员
but dogs are nature's elite
high-endurance athletes.
有一些参加比赛的雪橇犬
每天要跑160公里
[Lee] Some of these sled dogs that race,
they run 100 miles a day,
体重却只有三四十斤
and they're only 40 to 50 pounds.
它们的肺活量更大 新陈代谢也更快
So they have a greater lung capacity,
a faster metabolism,
拥有一套更有效率的心血管系统
and a more efficient
cardiovascular system.
在休息时
狗的新陈代谢与人类的差不多
[narrator] At rest, a dog's metabolism
is about the same as a human's.
可当狗需要的时候 它们可以换挡
But when they need it,
dogs can shift gear,
保持着所有动物中
最高的持续新陈代谢率
recording the highest sustained
metabolic rate of any animal.
这意味着与环法自行车赛的车手相比
It means they use
the same amount of calories
狗对同样的卡路里有三倍多的利用率
three times more efficiently
than a Tour de France rider.
而当运动结束后
它们可以降档回到休息状态
And when they're done,
they downshift back to rest.
我们所有的狗
在内心深处 依旧是野性的
All of our dogs are still wild at heart.
吸引它们的不是塑料飞盘本身
It's not so much the plastic Frisbee.
而是想去追逐什么东西的捕猎性冲动
It's the predatorial drive
to chase something.
它们身上没有锁骨
[Draper] They don't have collar bones,
这使它们更加灵活
能快速地改变方向
which allows them to be more flexible
and change directions really quickly.
它们拥有帮助平衡的尾巴
They have tails that help balance them,
它们的脊椎很长 很灵活
and they have a very long, flexible spine.
尽管我们在努力搞清楚狗在想什么
[Lee] As much as we try to get
in the mind of a dog,
努力从病理生理学的角度
去分♥析♥狗的大脑
of, like, the pathophysiology
of how a dog does it,
狗要不要去追捕
其实是一瞬间的决定
it's really split-second decisions
where a dog is chasing whatever it is.
是猎物也好 是塑料飞盘也好
It may be prey, it may be a plastic disc,
但在几秒甚至几微秒之间
but in their mind,
within seconds or milliseconds,
它们的大脑便会完成计算
their brain is undergoing computation
知道目标会跑多远 飞多远
where they're figuring out
how far it's gonna go,
朝哪个方向 自己要如何转向
what direction, what direction to pivot,
它们还拥有在扭转身子的同时
and the ability to turn around
用嘴接住目标的本领
and catch it in their mouth
at the same time.
但在接飞盘这件事上
并非所有的狗都是生来平等的
But not all dogs are created equal
when it comes to catching Frisbees.
每种狗都有自己的长处和短处
[narrator] Dogs all have
their strengths and weaknesses.
将它们养育成怎样的个体
要取决于我们
It's up to us to nurture them
as individuals.
根据犬种的不同
狗需要不同类型的活动
[Draper] Depending on the breed,
dogs need different types of enrichment
才能算是过上充实的生活
to give them a fulfilled life.
才能刺♥激♥它们的大脑
对
-And stimulate their mind.
-Right.
让你的狗做自己是值得的
[narrator] It pays
to let your dog be themselves.
是呀
Oh, yeah.
我们的狗之所以工作
因为它们表现出了对工作的渴望
Our dogs work
because they show a desire to work.
准备好了？好 去吧