汪星人的奇思妙想（2024）

这是让我兴奋的地方
That's the thing that excites me.
如果我们能有一个
窥探狗狗心灵的窗口
It's like, if we can get a little window
into a dog's mind,
那样的话 就太棒了
that would be fantastic.
平均水平的狗能学会165个词语
[narrator] The average dog
can learn 165 words.
[dog whimpers]
有史以来最聪明的狗 切瑟
知道一千多个单词
The smartest dog on record, Chaser,
knew more than a thousand words.
我认为不同的狗所拥有的
不同种类的智力 可以很不一样
I think that the types of intelligence
that different dogs have can really vary,
就像不同的人
拥有不同类型的智力一样
just like different people
have different types of intelligence.
水手 出什么事了？
[woman] Sailor, what happened?
Sailor, what happened?
水手
Sailor.
水手 出什么事了？
Sailor, what happened?
我不知道我会不会说哪只狗“蠢”
这样好像不太公平
I don't know if I'd call any dogs dumb.
That doesn't seem quite fair. [laughs]
无论聪明与否
所有的狗都会做一些不寻常的事
[narrator] Smart or not,
all dogs do some unusual things.
小狗经常会追尾巴
因为它们不知道这是身体的一部分
Puppies often chase their tail because
they don't know it's a part of them.
一些专家认为 狗喜欢面朝北方大便
Some experts believe
that dogs like to poop facing north.
科学家相信狗会做梦
Scientists believe dogs do dream…
[narrator] …often about their owner.
[dog barks]
经常是关于主人的梦
黛西 你在做梦吗？
[woman] Daisy, are you dreaming?
[laughter]
哈佛大学的研究院正在努力破解
狗为什么会做这些事
[narrator] Researchers at Harvard
are working to decode
why dogs do the things they do.
我们在尝试
通过行为测试加上核磁共振扫描
[Hecht] We're trying to find out
what's going on inside dogs' minds
through a combination
of behavior testing and also MRI scans.
搞明白狗的脑子里在想什么
[gentle music playing]
[machine beeping]
这里是下丘脑
[Hecht] So this is the hypothalamus.
下丘脑是大脑中的一个区域
The hypothalamus is a brain region
这个区域与所谓的四个“F”有关
that is involved in, um,
what we think of as the four Fs.
喂食
Feeding,
战斗
fighting,
逃跑
fleeing,
和繁殖
and reproduction.
尤其在“战或逃反应”中至关重要
And it's crucially involved
in the flight-or-fight response.
这片大脑区域也帮助决定性格
[narrator] This brain region
also helps determine personality,
为什么有些狗会无所畏惧
有些狗却很胆小
why some dogs are fearless
and others timid.
连同核磁共振研究
我们的生活经历研究
[Hecht] Along with MRI studies,
our life-experiences study
正在研究
狗幼年生活中的压力所造成的影响
is looking at the effects
of early-life stress in dogs.
我们的初步结果表明
幼年生活中的压力
Our preliminary results indicate
early-life stress
的确会影响狗在长大后的
恐惧和攻击性行为
does influence fear and aggression
behavior later in life in dogs.
狗绝对感觉得到焦虑
Dogs definitely experience anxiety.
[dog whines]
多达70%的狗
承受着某种形式的焦虑
[narrator] As many as 70% of dogs
suffer some form of anxiety.
可能来自幼年的生活经历
It can come from early life experience.
有时候是天生的
And sometimes you're just born with it.
有压力、担心或恐惧的状态
是一种非常原始的
[Hecht] A state of stress or worry or fear
is a very primal, ancestral emotion.
先祖传下来的情绪
我想任何一个养过狗的人
都经历过自己的狗感到焦虑
I think anybody that has a dog probably
has experienced their dog feeling anxious,
这是很容易解读和感同身受的
and it's easy to interpret and empathize.
最常见的犬类焦虑之一
发生在我们离开的时候
[narrator] One of the most common
canine anxieties happens when we leave.
请你叫她在这里等
If you could ask her to stay in here.
-Townsend, sit.
汤森 坐
我们在做一个行为测试
叫主人离开房♥间 让狗独处
[Hecht] We do a behavior test
where the owner leaves the room,
so the dog is left alone.
如果狗能够体验分离焦虑
If the dog experiences separation anxiety,
那在这种情况下 很可能会表现出来
it's probably going to come out
in that situation.
我们会仔细地观察狗
And so we watch the dog carefully,
看看它们会不会开始
表现出痛苦的迹象
and if it seems like they're starting
to show signs of distress,
我们让主人回去
we have the owner go back.
有些狗的反应是很温顺的
Some dogs are completely mellow.
它们可能会四处嗅闻
或者蜷缩起来打个盹
They might sniff around
or maybe curl up and take a nap.
而其他狗会吠叫
或者嚎叫 或者抓门
And, um, other dogs really
are, you know, barking or howling
or scratching at the door.
我认为这给了我们一个机会
看到我们不在时 狗都在做什么
I think this kind of gives us a window
into what dogs are doing
when we're not there.
焦虑会导致攻击性、抑郁
[narrator] Anxiety can cause
aggression, depression,
甚至破坏性的行为
even destructive behavior.
[growling]
[panting]
幸运的是 一些缓解人类压力的东西
[narrator] Luckily,
some of the same things
that relieve stress in humans
对狗也起作用
can also work for dogs.
["Flower Duet" by Delibes playing]
有一项研究对比过狗对
古典音乐和其他类型音乐的情感反应
[Hecht] There was one study
that looked at dogs' affective responses
to classical music
and other types of music.
初步数据显示
是古典音乐可能对狗有镇静作用
Preliminary data suggested classical music
might have a calming effect on dogs
而摇滚乐可能会有相反的效果
and rock music
might have the opposite effect.
我认为在这个领域多做研究
可能会很有益处
I think this is an area
where more research could be helpful.
通常没有什么能比你回家
更能缓解你的狗的焦虑
[narrator] Often, nothing relieves
your dog's anxiety more
than you coming home.
[barks]
你们在一起的时间越长
The more time you spend together,
感情就变得越深
the stronger the attachment grows.
[barking]
好了 那么 我要开始走进去了
[woman] All right,
so I'm gonna start heading in.
我会停下来 说“好”
I'm gonna stop, say "Okay."
当你经过时 你要这么做 然后那么做
As you go by, you're gonna do this,
you're gonna that.
贾丝敏和她的家人
过去两周都和伯纳斯一起
[narrator] Jazmin and her family
have spent the past two weeks with Bonus.
现在是时候接受最后的考验
以证明它们建立起了联结
It's time for them to take the final test
and prove they've built a bond.
伯纳斯 我们走
Bonus, let's go.
具有挑战性的最终测试之一
One of the challenging final exam tests
是带着狗通过障碍赛
is to walk the dog
through an obstacle course
没有狗绳 什么都没有 只能靠说话
with no leash, no nothing,
just talking to the animal.
伯纳斯 捡
Bonus, get.
捡 加油
Get. Come on.
真棒 对
There it is. Yes.
伯纳斯 我们走
Bonus, let's go.
伯纳斯 跳
Bonus, jump.
对
Yes.
干得好
给
-[woman] Good job.
-Give.
干得好
非常好
-Good job.