汪星人的奇思妙想（2024）

那里是杜克大学
犬类认知中心的一个部门
[narrator] …a part of Duke University's
Canine Cognition Center.
[relaxed jazz music playing]
（出口）
[ding]
-[man laughs]
-[woman 1 squeals]
真可爱！
[woman 2] So cute!
我的天
[man laughing] Oh my gosh.
-Hello!
好高兴见到你哦
Oh, it's good to see you.
飞行愉快吗？
我的天啊
-Did you have a good flight?
-[man] Oh my gosh.
我的名字叫凡妮莎·伍兹
我负责管理杜克幼犬园
My name is Vanessa Woods,
and I run the Duke Puppy Kindergarten.
对 你的工作做得很棒
谢谢你
-Yeah. You do a good job.
-Thank you.
你的工作完成得很棒
那你是干什么活的？说真的
-You do a really nice job.
-What do you do, really?
Uh… you know. I don't know.
[laughs]
你懂的 我也不知道
[birds chirping]
让我们来瞧瞧这小家伙
Let's check this guy out. Okay.
好
你从没见过这个 对吧？
Now, you've never seen this before, right?
好嘞
All right.
这是相当困难的
即便对于成年狗也是
This is really tough,
even for an adult dog.
[Bray] Mm-hmm. Okay.
好
[Bray and Hare] Oh!
干得好
下次你就会成功的
-Oh, well done. Yay.
-[Woods] You'll get it the next time.
这很难的
[Hare] It's hard.
杜克幼犬园
我们收下的是最可爱时期的小狗
Duke Puppy Kindergarten, you wanna take
puppies at their most cutest.
别去左边那个
[Hare] Don't go to the left.
但这也是
它们大脑快速发育的最后阶段
[Woods] But also at their final period
of rapid brain development.
我们会玩一些有趣的认知游戏
And we play
these sort of fun cognitive games
看看我们能否开♥发♥出一套认知概况
to see if we can come up
with a cognitive profile
to predict who is most likely
to make it as a service dog.
预测出将来谁最可能
做一条成功的服务犬
第二次尝试 不错嘛
干得好
-[Hare] Trial two. Pretty good.
-Good job.
你成功了
学得很快
-You did it.
-[Hare] Quick learner.
目前 你要花上两年时间
才知道一条狗能否胜任
[Woods] At the moment, it takes two years
before you even know
if the dog is gonna make it.
我们会让一条小狗通过这些测试
And we can take a puppy
and really run them through these tests
然后判断说：“好吧 你知道吗
and say, "Okay, you know,
you're definitely looking like
你看起来有我们预测中
一只服务犬该有的样子”
what we predict a service dog would be."
但其他这些呢
你们会成为很棒的宠物
But other ones, you're just…
you're just gonna make a great pet.
小狗 你看
[Bray] Puppy, look.
好
Okay.
我们有个任务叫“不可能的任务”
[Hare] We have a task called
the impossible task,
我们观察到的是
and what we're seeing is that some dogs
有些狗立刻就会专注于
immediately focus on trying to get food
如何将食物从容器中弄出来
out of a container that they previously
have gotten food out of,
它之前从这个容器中取得过食物
但我们把它锁上了 几乎不可能打开
but we've locked it and made it impossible
or really hard to get it open.
好
[Bray] Okay.
有些狗会意识到：
“我打不开这个东西”
[Hare] Some dogs, they realize,
"I can't get that thing open,"
它们会立刻抬起头 对着人
and they immediately look up
to the person,
然后开始吠叫 或者进行眼神交流
and they start barking
or, you know, making eye contact,
试图跟人沟通
trying to communicate with the person.
我们得出的结论是
那些尝试自己解决问题的狗
What we've learned is
the dog that really just tries
to solve the problem on its own,
往往非常擅长解决
需要它们找东西的问题
those dogs tend to be
really great at problems
that have to do with finding things,
就像那些要接受训练
参与侦探工作的狗
like in dogs that are gonna be trained
in detection work.
哇
太棒了！
-[Bray] Wow.
-[Woods] It's amazing!
那种意识到自己解决不了这个问题
[Hare] The dog who realizes
there's a problem they can't solve
会抬头寻求帮助的那种狗
and kind of look up
and ask for help in a way,
那些狗往往会是非常好的服务狗
those dogs tend to be dogs that are
gonna do really, really well for service
去帮助有残疾的人
and for helping people with disabilities.
你坐反了 你这样看不到
You're backwards.
You can't see it from there.
你想要转过头去吗？来
You wanna go around? Come here.
所以我们一只在跟踪记录
它们的认知是怎么开始形成的
[Hare] And so we've been tracking
how their cognition starts to emerge.
灯泡并不是突然亮起来的
It's not like a light bulb just comes on.
这更像是由许多小灯组成的交响乐
It's more like a symphony
of lots of little lights.
然后…
圣诞彩灯
-And--
-Christmas lights.
是啊 它们会在不同的时间亮起来
Yeah, they kind of blink on
at different times.
Um, and maybe they're different colors.
I don't know.
或许颜色也不一样 我也不知道
烟花
Um…
-Fireworks.
我喜欢有不同颜色灯的圣诞树
I like Christmas trees
with colored lights.
[toy meowing tunefully]
在有些游戏中 我们能看到一致性
[Hare] So some of these games
we're seeing consistency,
它们小时候测出的结果
会告诉我们它们成年后的行为
that what we measure when they're puppies
does tell us about what they do as adults.
这些小狗从8周到20周
一直待在幼犬园里
[narrator] These puppies are
in kindergarten from 8 to 20 weeks.
在那之后
它们会被送去认证幼犬饲育员那里
After that,
they go to a certified puppy raiser.
[laughter]
（皮博迪 候选服务犬）
没有食物了 伙计
[woman] No more food, buddy.
吃完了
All done.
[cat meows]
幼犬饲育员是经验丰富的寄养人
[narrator] Puppy raisers
are experienced foster parents
他们会把狗养到18个月大
who raise the dogs
until they're 18 months.
他们的任务是
将最基本的东西教给这些小狗
They're tasked with teaching
these puppies the basics.
对了
[woman] Yes!
（伯纳斯 候选服务犬）
乖
如何当一只乖狗狗
[narrator] How to be a good dog.
真是个乖孩子
[woman speaking]
天啊
[woman] Oh my God.
嗨！
Hi!
头一年半 对狗来说
是最具成长性的时期
[narrator] The first year and a half
is the most formative time for a dog.
民间有一种说法
人的一年等于狗的七年
[Hecht] There's this folk knowledge that
one human year equals seven dog years.
这其实不太对
That's not exactly right.
狗在生命的初期成熟得非常快
Um, dogs mature very quickly
early in life.
它们六个月就能到达性成熟
They reach sexual maturity
in about six months,
但在那之后
它们的成长曲线会平缓起来
but after that,
their development sort of flattens out.
到了18个月大 它们就算是青年了
准备好去上服务犬训练学校了