汪星人的奇思妙想（2024）

about 27 different facial expressions.
然后是黑猩猩
世界上最聪明的哺乳动物之一
And then chimpanzees,
one of the smartest mammals in the world,
只有13到14种面部表情
have only 13 to 14 facial expressions.
所以这其中有不少是狗跟我们学的
通过观察我们表现给它们的表情
So dogs learned a lot of that from us
by what we do and what we've shown them.
[Hutchinson laughs]
噢 你这张脸呀 你能趴下来吗？
Oh, your face. Can you do a downsy?
乖孩子 这是我看他
最快为了点心趴下了的一次
Good boy. Fastest I've ever seen him
do this for a treat.
这个贴心的小家伙就是皮博迪
So this sweet little guy is Peabody.
他有一种令人放松的气场
He has a relaxing presence.
每当皮博迪在的时候 大家都很放松
When Peabody's around, everybody's chill.
大多数时候 他都喜欢晒太阳
Most of the time,
he likes to lay in the sun.
当其他的狗在那里 追逐打闹
When all the dogs
are running loops around and playing tug,
他可能在那里晒日光浴
he can be found sunbathing.
皮 捡
P, get.
训练起来可能有些慢
Training can be a little slow.
你能行
You got it.
他在取物上 确实还需要多练练
He does need work on retrieving.
不过 他在互动技巧上表现得非常棒
However, he performs
interactive skills very well.
来
Visit.
干预焦虑 这其实是个任务
Interrupting anxiety,
that's actually a task.
这是一个训练出来得行为
That's a trained behavior.
乖孩子
Good boy.
所以我们是一直不断地在评估
So we are constantly evaluating
their appropriateness
它们成为服务犬的合适度的
to become service dogs.
大多数狗 每天有一半的时间在睡觉
[narrator] Most dogs sleep
about half of every day.
[barks]
但并非全都是这样
[narrator] But not all.
这个傻小子叫尼莫
[Hutchinson] So this silly boy is Nemo.
尼莫非常活泼
Nemo is very animated.
你抓到翼手龙了
You got the pterodactyl.
-[barks]
-No.
不
尼莫 下
Nemo, down.
不
No.
对 乖孩子
Yes. Good boy.
不对 我们好像不是要做这个哦
No. I don't think we were doing that.
-[barks]
也不是这个
Not that one either.
尼莫非常热爱生活
Nemo is very much in love with life.
但在工作上 他确实需要再专心一点
He does need to focus
when it comes to working.
再来一次 取
One more. Fetch.
尼莫！
Nemo!
20%的狗会表现出类似多动症的行为
[narrator] Twenty percent of dogs
show ADHD-like behavior,
是人类的两倍
twice as many as humans.
尼莫到底是不是其中的一员
还尚未可知
Whether Nemo is one of them
is yet to be seen.
有多动症的狗 更容易冲动
Dogs with ADHD can be more impulsive,
甚至过度活跃
even hyperactive.
但那并不意味着 它们是无法训好的
But that doesn't make them untrainable.
尼莫 拖
[woman] Nemo, tug.
尼莫在现实世界中有工作要做
[Hutchinson] Nemo has a job to do
in the real world.
对 就是这样 乖孩子
[woman] Yeah. That's it. Good boy.
松
Drop.
对 果汁
Yes. Juice.
对了 太棒了 乖孩子 非常好
That's it. Yes, sir. Good boy. Very nice.
尼莫 他很擅长执行取回物品的命令
Nemo, he's really excelled
in that retrieving-items command,
他正在学习拖拽的命令
as well as learning that tug command.
嘿
Hey.
他很活泼 很有爱 很喜欢训练
He's animated and loving,
and he enjoys training,
可我们还需要再观察才能确定
他是否能可靠地完成他的工作
but we still have to see if we feel
that he can do his job reliably.
我总是说“如果”
因为没什么是肯定的
I always have to say "if"
because nothing is guaranteed.
我们偶尔会看到他警觉性吠叫
We have seen him alert bark at times.
[barks]
这种事有可能
会让你被赶出餐厅、商店
That is something you can get
kicked out of restaurants, stores,
这样他就失去成为服务犬的资格了
so that would disqualify him
from becoming a service dog.
如果尼莫无法控制自己的吠叫
[narrator] If Nemo
can't control his barking,
他就没办法毕业
与某个需要帮助的人配对
he will not graduate
and be matched with someone in need.
在人犬关系进化之前
吠叫的作用是完全不一样的
Barking meant something different
before the human-canine bond evolved.
[wolves howl]
狼会集体进行嚎叫
[Hecht] So wolves howl as a group.
这是一种很重要的社交方式
It's an important
form of social communication for them.
但它们不会像狗对人那样吠叫
But they don't bark
in the way that dogs do towards humans.
[barking]
狗的吠叫似乎更加情绪化
可能是为了引起人类的注意
Dogs seem to bark in a more emotional way,
potentially to recruit human attention.
[whines, howls]
有些品种的狗经常会嚎叫
Some breeds of dogs howl a lot.
如果你有一只哈士奇
If you have a Siberian Husky,
you're probably, like, nodding right now.
你现在可能已经在点头了
（啊呜！我现在就要妈咪！）
[vocalizing]
乖孩子
[man] Good girl.
（你不是妈咪）
[vocalizing]
我爱你
[man] I love you.
（我认识妈咪长啥样）
[vocalizing]
[dogs howling]
人类喜欢发声喜欢到…
[narrator] Humans are so vocal…
各位！
[woman] Guys!
我们帮助狗找到了它们自己的声音
[narrator] …we've helped dogs
to find their voice.
[screeching]
就像人类一样
不同的人会以不同的方式跟我说话
Just like with people, different people
are gonna talk to me in different ways.
[howling]
-[howling]
-A bark is not just a bark.
吠叫不单纯是吠叫而已
有些狗很爱吠叫
Some dogs are barkers.
但声调的变化可能会有不同的意思
But the change in the tone
can make a difference.
[whining]
遇上压力大的情况
将会导致更高的音调
Higher stress situations
are going to lead to a higher pitched,
几乎是痛苦的那种吠叫
almost distressed kind of bark.
[continuous high-pitched barking]
持续重复的高音 中间不停顿
Repetition at a high pitch
without pausing,
通常表明狗正处于一种痛苦的状态
it's generally a state of distress.
[high-pitched barks]
如果狗吠叫 然后停顿
If the dog is barking and pausing,
那么说明 狗还有一些认知能力
then it would indicate
there's still some cognitive ability.
沃尔特
[woman] Walter.
[yowling]
不
世上没有坏狗
-[woman] No.
-[Beisner] There is no bad dog.
只有我们不理解的行为
There is behavior
that we don't understand,
狗的行为根据其当下的经历
是100%合理的
but the dog's behavior is 100% appropriate
based on its experience in that moment.
[barking]
吠叫与过度活跃
[narrator] Barking and hyperactivity
这两种行为
能被宾州兽医用来拯救生命
are two behaviors that Penn Vet
can actually use to help save lives.
乖孩子 乐琪！
Good girl, Lucky!
宾州兽医工作犬中心
于911灾难之后建立
The Penn Vet Working Dog Center
originated after the disasters of 9/11.
我们意识到没有科学研究
We realized that there was no science