艺术的力量（2006）

crucified upside down,
如同圣基♥督♥的死法一模一样
unworthy, he says, to be martyred the same way as Christ.
没有人能够感触到卡瓦拉乔对福音纯粹力量的捕捉
No one could touch Caravaggio for capturing the sheer weight of the Gospels.
他的信念是（体现在）肉体上的
His faith is carnal,
其伟大作品中的躯体都是一副凡人皮囊
the bodies in his masterpieces are trapped in flesh,
即便是上帝之子耶稣亦是如此
even when they're the Son of God.
但是难道那不正是福音所强调的吗？
But wasn't that the point of the gospel?
出现在人们面前的基♥督♥
Christ's presence on earth,
并不是以轻飘飘的天使形象出现的 而是一个活生生的凡人
not as a weightless angel, but in the flesh of man.
关键点在于这不只是一场艺术革命
The point is, he's not just an art revolutionary,
这个不信神者同样也是个虔诚的基♥督♥徒 对于没有受到洗礼的人来说 他也是个福音传播者
this sinner is also a devout Christian, an evangelist for the unwashed.
你能想象朝圣者是如何到达他们意大利的耶路撒冷－罗马
Can you imagine how pilgrims coming to Rome, their Italian Jerusalem,
当看到这幅作品时又有什么感受的吗？
felt when confronted by this image of themselves?
这里有一个画家
Here's a painter who understood what it was like
他能透过平凡贫穷且虔诚的外表直入内心深处
to live inside the grimy skin of the poor and the pious.
画中的角色分配是令人震惊的
His street casting is astounding.
他的“洛雷托的圣母玛丽亚”
His Madonna of Loreto
就像一个站在自家门口的当地女孩儿
is just a local girl standing in her doorway
而且并不是象通常那样被一群虔诚的人们包围着
and, instead of the usual crowd of the reverent,
跪在她面前的
all we have kneeling before her
只不过是两个经历的长途跋涉朝圣之旅后的两个老人
are two old pilgrims who have plodded miles
脚上没穿鞋 上面满是老茧
on their bare and calloused feet.
带着敬意而来的人们却要面对这些污足
Faced with this homage to filthy feet,
因此教堂里有些人不免认为卡瓦拉乔做的有些过头了
some in the Church may well have felt that Caravaggio had gone too far.
所以当提到他的名字时 “不象样”这个词语就随之出现了
The dreaded word ''indecent'' began to crop up whenever his name was mentioned.
也许这就是其模仿者乔瓦尼·巴格林
Perhaps that's why Giovanni Baglione, one of his imitators,
为什么会得到为天主教耶稣会教堂创作“耶稣的复活”这份好差使
got the plum job of painting the Resurrection
in the new Jesuit church, and Caravaggio didn't.
而卡瓦拉乔却没有得到
此后不久 一首歪诗就在罗马的小酒馆里传开来了
Not long afterwards, a poem did the rounds of Rome's rougher taverns.
乔瓦尼·巴格林，你啥也不知道
Giovanni Baglione, you are a know-nothing.
他的作品都是乱涂乱画
Your pictures are just daubs.
我敢保证它只不了多少钱
I warrant you will not earn a brass farthing with them.
那首歪诗也许是卡瓦拉乔写的，是否他的同党也说不准
Whether the verses were written by Caravaggio, or one of his pals,
我们是不可能知道了
we'll never know.
巴格林以诽谤罪起诉了卡瓦拉乔
Baglione sues for libel
后者遭到逮捕坐了牢
and Caravaggio is arrested and thrown in jail.
当时法庭记录是我们唯一一次直接听到卡瓦拉乔的声音
The court record of the trial is the only time we hear Caravaggio's words directly.
诗？
Poems?
什么诗？
What poems?
所以那首诗被当庭大声朗读
So they're read aloud to the whole court.
哦 原来是这些诗啊
Oh, those poems.
好吧 那和我没有关系
Well, they're nothing to do with me,
但是很明显 那个作者是个艺术批评家
but whoever wrote them is obviously an art critic.
几个月过去了 卡瓦拉乔仍然没有被释放
Months roll by with Caravaggio still in jail.
由于到最后也没有个定论 所以他被释放在家里服刑
Then, finally, without a verdict, he's released to house arrest.
如果在没有书面许可的情况下离开家的话 他将会被罚做苦役
If he leaves without written permission, he gets a stint rowing as a galley slave.
难道这就能阻止卡瓦拉乔了吗
Does this stop him in his tracks?
很难
Hardly.
夜幕降临后过了五个小时 米开朗基罗·达·卡瓦拉乔
Five hours after nightfall, Michelangelo da Caravaggio,
随身带着长剑和匕♥首♥被我的人截住了
who was carrying a sword and dagger, was halted by my men.
当我问他有没有许可证时 他说有并拿了出来 所以他被放行了
When I asked if he had a licence, he said, ''Yes'', and presented it, so he was dismissed.
我对他说他可以离开了 并说“晚安 先生”
I told him he could leave and said, ''Good night, sir'',
他却回答说“爱咋咋的”
to which he replied, ''Shove it up your arse.''
所以我逮捕了他 因为这个回答我可受不了
So I arrested him since I could not tolerate such a thing.
我是在San Ambrogio教堂外面的Corso被捕的
I was seized on the Corso, outside the church of San Ambrogio,
原因是我带了长剑和匕♥首♥
because I had a sword and a dagger.
我没有准许携带长剑匕♥首♥的书面许可
I have no written licence to carry a sword or a dagger.
然而 罗马政♥府♥
However, the Governor of Rome
已经向上尉和下士传达了口头命令
had given verbal orders to the captain and corporal
准许我能够带这些东西
to let me carry them.
我没有其它许可证
I have no other licence.
即便他最亲密的朋友也无法理解
Even his closest friends couldn't work out
宗教伟大作品的创作者与内心深处的另一个卡瓦拉乔是如何共处于同一个躯体内的
how the painter of religious marvels and the psycho could inhabit the same person.
我们正在Moor的一家酒馆里吃晚饭
We're having dinner in the tavern of the Moor, yeah.
馆子的另一头坐的就是
And across the room was...
米开朗基罗·达·卡瓦拉乔
Michelangelo da Caravaggio...
著名画家
The famous painter.
他问侍者他的黄油或菜油菊芋做好了没有
He asked the waiter if the artichokes had been done in butter or oil.
菜油或黄油 两者一起用来做菜
Oil or butter, them all being on the same plate.
是的 合理的问题
Yeah, reasonable question.
这些也用黄油或者菜油来做吗？
Are these done in oil or butter?
我不知道 你自己闻闻看吧
I don't know, smell 'em yourself.
你会认为是在和什么乞丐流浪汉说话吗
Do you think you're talking to some sort of bum?
米开朗基罗认为这个菜做的有问题
Michelangelo took this somewhat amiss,
他说道 如果我没弄错的话 你这个戴绿帽子的家伙
and he says, ''If I'm not mistaken, you damn cuckold,
你是不是以为在招待乞丐啊 嗯
you think you're serving some sort of bum.''
然后他捡起菊芋向侍者砸了过去
And he... He picked up the artichokes and he threw them at the waiter.
不知怎么的他就拔出了长剑 威胁着那个侍者
At no point did he take out his sword and threaten the waiter.
闻啊 -哥们儿放松点儿
Smell it. -Easy.
给我闻
Smell that.
当然 卡瓦拉乔不仅仅是在酒馆和人干架
Of course, Caravaggio doesn't just pick fights with people in restaurants,
他还通过绘画过去和现在的事物来挑战传统
he's fighting tradition with painting past and present.
应Trastevere的圣母玛丽亚教堂之托 他出发了
He lands the commission for the church of Santa Maria, here in Trastevere.
这应该正合他的心意
It should have been right up his street.
这是罗马最贫穷的地区之一 其中有一群圣母玛丽亚的忠实信徒
One of the poorest areas of Rome, at its heart was the cult of the Virgin Mary,
在他们眼中 这个女人热衷于
to whom the women of the district fervently prayed to cure the sick,
祈祷那些病人早日康复 努力使贫瘠的土地变得肥沃 解救那些遭了瘟疫的人们
make the barren fertile and save the plague-stricken.
还有谁比卡瓦拉乔更适合来创作“圣母玛丽亚之死”呢？
Who better than Caravaggio to paint the death of Mary?
根据基♥督♥教传统 圣母玛丽亚之死根本就是假死
According to Christian tradition, Mary's death wasn't a death at all,
那只不过是在升入天堂之前的沉睡罢了
but a sleep before her ascent into heaven.
就如她受孕生下儿子耶稣也只不过是个精神层面的奇迹
Just as the conception and birth of her son had been a fleshless miracle,
所以她的死亡是一个非物质形式的离去
so her death was a fleshless exit.
哦 卡瓦拉乔可不这么认为 在他眼中玛丽亚就是拥有凡人的肉体
Well, Caravaggio didn't do fleshlessness, he did flesh.
在这个情况下 她的死亡就是一个肉体的死亡
In this case, dead flesh.
这就是卡迈尔教派的修女们进入教堂后第一眼看到的
That was the first thing the Carmelite Sisters of the church noticed.
卡瓦拉乔笔下的圣母是一个死人
His Mary was dead.
她肤色发绿
Her skin was green,
圣体肿胀 一袭刺目红衣
her body bloated, under a screaming red dress.
一旦画笔落定成了定局 更糟糕的事情便出现了
Once that appalling shock had registered, worse was rumoured.
卡瓦拉乔从停尸房♥弄来一具溺死的娼妓尸体
That Caravaggio had taken a drowned whore from the morgue
然后把她扮成圣母玛丽亚的模样
and made her into the Madonna.
对于我来说 这是我见到的关于圣母之死最富感染力的作品
For me, this picture is the most moving of any painted of this scene.
圣徒们聚在床前 十分悲伤 都低垂着头
The Apostles brought to the deathbed, heads bowed in sorrow,
抹大拉的玛丽亚悲痛欲绝
Mary Magdalene crumpled with grief.
当然 如果圣母玛丽亚只不过是在升入天堂之前打个盹儿的话
Of course, if the Virgin's just having a nice snooze,
那为什么周围的人们却是如此的狂乱
prior to the lift to paradise, why should anyone be so distraught?
但是这里人们表现出来的悲痛是由一场真正的死亡引起的
But the weight of grief here is measured by the sense of a real death.
这种反应对应的是死亡而不是不朽
It's a response not to immortality, but mortality.
不管圣母玛丽亚去了什么地方 反正她是离开我们了
Wherever Mary is going, she's leaving our world,
只此一点就足以令我们哀悼了
and that's reason enough to mourn.
但是并非每一个人都是这么认为的
Not everyone saw it that way,
而且一旦受到震惊之后
and once they'd got over their shock,
那些委托卡瓦拉乔的卡迈尔教派的修女们
the Carmelite Sisters, who'd commissioned the painting,
就把它（震惊）还回来了
gave it back.
这肯定是一次恶意的拒绝
It must have been a bitter rejection,
而且这也标志着一个重大的转折点
and it marks a major turning point.
从此以后 卡瓦拉乔变得更加易怒
From now on, Caravaggio was even quicker to take offence.
他的人生也开始遭遇一系列重大变故
And his life was about to spiral into a series of disastrous encounters
这一切的积累效应终会导致一场流血事件
that will culminate in an act of appalling bloodshed.
事情的起因是一个女人
It all started with a woman.
她的名字叫莱娜 一个有血有肉的罗马美人儿
Her name was Lena, a real flesh-and-blood Roman beauty,
在卡瓦拉乔的模特中她是最艳丽的
much the most voluptuous of all of Caravaggio's models.
同时一个名叫马利亚诺·帕斯科隆尼的男人也看上了她
She'd also caught the eye of another man, Mariano Pasqualone.
所以帕斯科隆尼去见了莱娜的母亲并说他俩相爱了
So Pasqualone goes to see Lena's mama, says he's in love,
他要迎娶莱娜 并要使她成为一个高贵的女人
wants to marry her, wants to make a respectable woman of her,
噢 对了 顺便提一下 莱娜为卡瓦拉乔做了这么久模特
and oh, by the way, does she know what goes on
莱娜母亲知不知道自己女儿和画家之间发生的事情呢？
in those long modelling sessions in Caravaggio's studio?
莱娜母亲便去看了这位画家
Mama goes to see the painter.
我们不难想像下面会发生什么事情
It doesn't take much to imagine what happens next.
由于名声被玷污了 卡瓦拉乔勃然大怒
Honour besmirched, Caravaggio explodes in fury,
她要与帕斯科隆尼决斗