鸟瞰欧洲（2019）

with over four million spectators flocking to grounds across the country,
比如爱丁堡 敦提和格拉斯哥
including Edinburgh, Dundee and Glasgow,
每个城市都有两大主力球队
home to two major teams each
竞争激烈的时候 社区会产生分歧
where fierce rivalries sometimes divide communities.
苏格兰历史上
也与一个更为优雅的运动息息相关
The nation is also historically linked with a far gentler sport.
苏格兰拥有550多个高尔夫球场
Scotland is home to well over 550 golf courses,
有些已有200多年的历史了
including many that are over 200 years old.
最为古老的一个
坐落于苏格兰的东海岸
The oldest, dot Scotland's east coast.
镜头拉近 这是一个海滨球场
And zooming in reveals one seaside course
可能是世界上最负盛名的一个
that's perhaps the most famous in the world.
这些是圣安德鲁斯林克斯球场
These are the golf links of St. Andrews,
世界上第一个高尔夫球场
the world's first golf course.
自1552年以来
该比赛一直在这片沙质海岸线上进行
The game has been played on this stretch of sandy coastline since 1552
高尔夫球手数以万计
and hundreds of thousands of golfers
每年都前来打球
come here each year to play on the fairways,
被视为是高尔夫的精神家园
considered to be the spiritual home of golf.
西蒙是球场的管理者
It falls on the shoulders of Simon Connah
需要确保球场配得上这份盛名
to make sure the course lives up to its formidable reputation.
我感觉我承担着这个地方的历史重任
I feel a huge responsibility to the history of this place,
圣安德鲁斯
St. Andrews.
我们的先人殷切期望
You know, all the forefathers that went before us
我们会持续制定规则
and there's a huge expectation that we have to keep producing the standards
供所有人前来打球
for everyone that comes here.
今天 该团队有一项巨大的任务
Today, the team have the mammoth task
按照老球场的传统修理所有球道
of cutting all the fairways on the legendary Old Course.
第一批高尔夫球手开球前
他们就开始工作了
They start work just before the first golfers tee off for the day
不去影响球手打球
behind them.
在他们来之前完成工作压力更大
There's added pressure to keep ahead of the players
是为了避免他们破坏进程
to avoid disturbing their round.
从空中看
From the air,
很容易能看到自然的山峰和洼地
it's easy to see the natural humps and hollows
这是圣安德鲁斯的标志
that are the hallmark of St. Andrews.
这里进行第一场高尔夫球赛时
When golf was first played here,
高尔夫球
是用一个塞满头发的皮袋制成的
balls were made from a leather sack stuffed with hair.
传说 苏格兰的玛丽女王 是高尔夫球的粉丝之一
Even Mary, Queen of Scots, was rumored to be a fan of the game.
球场最初是600年前
由大自然母亲塑造的
The course was shaped originally by mother nature 600 years ago.
两轮比赛路线完全不同
Two rounds of golf are never the same here.
割草机在沿着球道行驶时
保持完美的路线
The mowers keep in a perfect line as they head down the fairway,
这样就不会留下任何未切割的草丛
so that no tufts of grass are left uncut.
该团队向17号♥果岭驶去
The team make their way on to the 17th hole,
两侧是老球场的酒店
flanked by the Old Course hotel.
特制的橡胶屋顶瓦片
Special rubber roof tiles
保护这座建筑
免受高尔夫球手的许多错误击球
protect this building from the many errant shots of golfers
他们会试图走捷径到达果岭
attempting a shortcut to the green.
西蒙的最后一项工作是
在著名的18号♥果岭上挖一个新洞
Simon's final job is to cut a fresh hole on the famous 18th green,
这里是30场英国公开赛决赛的场地
the scene of 30 British Open Championship finales.
这项工作他一周要做2到3次
It's a task he undertakes two-to-three times a week.
可以确保果岭保持最佳的状态
It helps keep the greens in top condition
消除这个使用良好的球场的磨损
by spreading the wear and tear on this well-used course.
他修剪所有杂散的草叶
以确保新洞完美
He trims any stray blades of grass to make sure the new hole is perfect.
然后为下一个高尔夫球手准备好旗帜
Then places the flag ready for the next golfers.
4个小时的修剪后
After four hours of cutting, the team of mowers
割草机来到了
球场尽头的最后一个果岭
make it to their final hole at the far end of the links
当天的第一批高尔夫球手向他们逼近
with the first golfers of the day bearing down on them.
他们进行了最后一场精心设计的除草
They make a final choreographed sweep
完成了球道的修整
高尔夫球手也刚好到达果岭
to finish the fairways just as golfers reach the green.
圣安德鲁斯和苏格兰
在高尔夫的发展中发挥着关键作用
St. Andrews and Scotland have played
a pivotal role worldwide to grow golf.
我们现在所做的一切事情
We are now all doing positive things
都是为了确保圣安德鲁斯
to ensure that St. Andrews will be here
会继续存在600年甚至更久
in another 600 years and beyond, hopefully.
随着天渐短 气温骤降
As the days get shorter and the temperature drops further,
白雪覆盖了圣安德鲁斯
St. Andrews becomes coated with snow.
皇家英里大街受到冷温侵袭
The Queensferry Crossing is hit by freezing temperatures
冰柱尚未形成
with icicles yet to form.
东洛锡安德尔顿城♥堡♥白雪皑皑
Dirleton Castle in East Lothian turns white
苏格兰边境的山丘
在傍晚的夕阳下闪闪发光
and the hills of the Scottish border glisten in the low evening sun.
冬天降临了苏格兰
Winter descends on Scotland.
冬天
苏格兰的风景
Scotland's landscape is marked by
以与邻国英格兰数百年的冲突为标志
centuries of conflict with neighboring England.
人们认为这是苏格兰的一个要塞
There's thought to be one stronghold in the nation
每100平方英里就有一个
for every 100 square miles.
苏格兰和英格兰的冲突关系
Scotland's violent relationship with England
集中于14世纪和17世纪之间
between the 14th and 17th centuries
导致沿着著名的边界和更远的地方
建造了许多城♥堡♥
led to many castles being built along the famous border and beyond.
其中之一因其壮观的悬崖顶位置
而脱颖而出
Including one castle, that stands out for its spectacular cliff-top location.
也就是邓诺特城♥堡♥
This is Dunnottar Castle.
它最古老的那部分结构
可以追溯到13世纪
The earliest part of this structure dates back to the 13th century.
但这些结构可能已经在
这个岩石山峰处屹立了数千年
But structures may have stood on this rocky perch for thousands of years.
从空中看
这个城♥堡♥无坚不摧的地位显而易见
From above, the castle's impenetrable position becomes obvious.
北海环绕其周围 悬崖高达50米
It's surrounded by the North Sea, with cliffs 50 meters tall
只有一个狭窄陡峭的入口
and one narrow, steep entrance
几乎不可能占领
that makes it almost impossible to conquer.
但是如今 这座苏格兰标志性建筑 正面临天气的威胁
But today this Scottish icon is under threat from the weather.
布莱恩·芒罗是这座城♥堡♥的守护者
It rests on the shoulders of Brian Munro
他要确保城♥堡♥能延续下去
to ensure the castle survives for future generations.
城♥堡♥的维护工作是重中之重
The maintenance of the castle is the utmost important thing.
这儿的整个区域和那些建筑
都需要维护
The preservation of the whole area here and the buildings.
而且全世界有很多人
And there's people all over the world
都与这座城♥堡♥有着很深的感情
who have close ties and emotional ties to this castle.
在短暂的冬季日子里
During the short days of winter, storms pound this section
暴风雨袭击了
阿伯丁郡海岸线的这一段
of the Aberdeen-shire coastline.
余下建筑物上的石板瓦
And slate tiles on the last remaining buildings
可能会松动 让水渗入
can blow loose, allowing water to seep in.
布莱恩和鲁弗斯·加斯
一起修缮这些建筑
Brian works with roofer Garth, to get the buildings repaired
以及做防水处理 这些 都是在冬季大风的罕见平静中完成的
and watertight during a rare lull in the winter gales.
他们一起检查了城♥堡♥的屋顶
The pair survey the castle's roofs
看是否有任何危险的瓦片
to identify any hazardous tiles.
邓诺特城♥堡♥的岩石飞地发挥了作用
The rocky enclave of Dunnottar Castle has played its part
在苏格兰历史上所有最重要的时刻
皆是如此
in all the biggest moments in Scotland's history.
民族英雄 威廉·华♥莱♥士♥
National icon, William Wallace
是为数不多占领过这座城♥堡♥的人之一
is one of the few to have captured the castle,
他是从英格兰人手中夺过来的
which he took from the English
时间是1297年的独♥立♥战争期间
during the wars of independence in 1297.
加斯爬上屋顶 检查修缮松动的瓦片
Garth heads up on to the roof to check and repair the loose tiles.
他重新调整了不稳定的石板
He realigns the unstable slates before using his hammer
之后使用锤子将它们楔回原位
to wedge them back into place.
正是在这里 苏格兰皇冠上的宝石
It was here that Scotland's crown jewels
被英格兰共和党统治者
奥利弗·克伦威尔藏了起来
were hidden from Oliver Cromwell, England's Republican ruler.
克伦威尔当时正在猛烈镇♥压♥
爱尔兰和苏格兰的叛乱
Cromwell was violently putting down revolt in Ireland and Scotland at the time
那场流血的争斗
in a bloody conflict
就是著名的三国之战
known as the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.
现在看到的这座最古老的建筑
是教堂的遗迹
The oldest building on site is the remains of a chapel.
在这些围墙之内
Within these walls,
据说威廉姆攻占城♥堡♥时
William Wallace supposedly burned
烧死了4000名英格兰士兵
4,000 English soldiers to death when he captured the castle.
城♥堡♥主楼建于14世纪 位置绝佳
The keep, dating from the 14th century, is perfectly positioned
可以保护通往裂缝的陡峭隧♥道♥入口