恶（2013）

Vice S04E14

Part 1 May 7, 2021, 11:29 a.m.

本周VICE看点
This week on "VICE":
美国毒品泛滥的影响
The effects of America's growing heroin epidemic.
不幸的是在毒品泛滥之下你必须抛开这些情绪
Unfortunately, with this epidemic you have to throw out
你对毒瘾的认识以及你对吸毒者的认识
what you thought addiction was, what you thought an addict was.
接下来会介绍核军备竞赛
And then the next nuclear arms race.
下潜下潜下潜
Dive! Dive! Dive!
靠近弹道导弹潜艇
It's a pretty surreal feeling
有一种超现实的感觉
to come up on a ballistic missile submarine.
它看起来像一个巨大的钢铁鲸鱼
It looks like a giant steel whale.
我们开始了一场新的核军备竞赛
We are restarting a nuclear arms race,
民众们还茫然不知
and our public is blissfully unaware of that.
举起手来不要开枪举起手来
Hands up! Don't shoot! Hands up!
现在美国处于有史以来
Today the United States is in the middle
最严重的毒品危机中
of the worst drug crisis in our history.
服药过量的人数和死亡人数史无前例
Overdoses and deaths are at an all-time high.
现在毒品泛滥也涉及到
Now, this epidemic involves
许多新的以及强劲的治疗药物
scores of new and powerful pharmaceutical drugs,
但毒灾的中心还是一种最老的药物海♥洛♥因♥
but at the center of it is one of the oldest: heroin.
早上好我们在墨西哥的格雷罗
Morning. We're in Guerrero, Mexico...
美国毒品问题的根源所在
at the source of America's heroin problem.
恩
Ah...
就是它们了
There they are.
那么这里所有的小花都会被用来做鸦♥片♥
So, all these little flowers in here will be harvested for opium,
然后再转变成海♥洛♥因♥
which will then be turned into heroin
运到北部
and shipped up north.
但是现在他们只是漂亮的花朵
But right now, they're just pretty flowers.
这些是用来刻划痕的
These are the scorers.
你是要切开果实吗
So you cut the pod?
那么你现在干什么
Well, what do you do now?
谁会买♥♥这个买♥♥家是谁
Who buys it? Who's the buyer?
43号♥正在应答
Forty-three is responding.
上楼右转
Upstairs to the right.
亲爱的让我进去检查一下脉搏好吗
Sweetheart, let me get in there and check a pulse. Okay?
你什么时候发现他的
When did you find him?
好了他有呼吸了
Okay, he took a breath.
快去把安步急救包拿出来
Go ahead and get the Ambu bag out.
好了把他拖到走廊里
Okay, drag him out in the hallway.
好了
Okay.
他有吸毒史吗
Is he a known addict?
好的你能拿一些纳洛酮来吗
Okay. Can you get some Narcan?
我能让他很快有鼻息
I can get him nasally real quick.
米基嗨伙计
Mickey? Hey, Buddy!
他醒过来了
He's coming back.
米基
Mickey?
过去几周里
We've had
我们救过这个人好几次了
this gentleman multiple times in the last couple weeks.
他大概在去医院的途中就能完全清醒过来
He'll probably wake up en route to the hospital completely.
我们遇见重复的药物过量者是很常见的事
But it's very common that we have repeat overdoses.
海♥洛♥因♥最终还是回到了美国
Heroin is definitively back in America.
在过去十年里全国范围内吸毒者的数量
Over the last decade, the number of addicts
增加了超过一倍
nationwide has more than doubled,
过量吸毒比例是二十世纪70年代的
and the overdose rate is four to five times
四到五倍
what it was in the 1970s,
而二十世纪70年代基本上就是海♥洛♥因♥时代了
which was basically the heroin decade.
而目前这场吸毒浪潮的中心
The epicenter of this new wave of junkie-dom
并不是纽约或者巴尔的摩市中心
is not the urban centers of New York or Baltimore.
而是在西弗吉尼亚州的山脉地区
It's in the hills of West Virginia,
就在阿帕拉契亚中部
smack in the middle of Appalachia.
我们这里只是全国
We are a microcosm of
所发生事情的缩影
everything that has happened across the country,
但是这里确实太集中了
but it's just so focused right here.
我们知道从执法的角度来讲
We knew that we had to step up our efforts
必须加大力度
from a law enforcement standpoint.
我们正努力把事情处理好
What we're trying to do is clean things up
要重新找回过去的荣耀
to get back to the glory that we once knew.
现在至少
Right now, at least
根据有效数据来看
according to what statistics are available,
亨廷顿是国内情况最严重的城市
Huntington is the worst hit city in the state.
为了解决这个问题
In order to fight the problem, the mayor here
市长组建了一个禁毒政策办公室
has assembled an office of drug control policy.
实际上是模仿禁毒沙皇
（老布♥什♥在任期间曾指派专人协调所有禁毒工作）
Essentially modeling it after the country's drug czar,
也就是你知道的这是个
which is, you know, kind of a
针对一个五万人城市的机构
crazy thing for a town of 50,000 people to need,
但是鉴于平均每天三起吸毒过量的事实
but in light of the fact they're averaging three overdoses a day,
我猜你必须
I guess you sort of have to
找到一种方式以暴制暴
find a way to fight crazy with some form of crazy.
城里最好的缉毒人员之一
One of this town drug czar's best resources
是斯科特莱姆利一个年轻
is Scott Lemley, a young
的点球成金者有点像来自警局的孩子
"Moneyball" Sort of kid from the police department,
试图使用数据来掌握这个问题
trying to use statistics to get a grasp on the problem.
是怎么利用数据的就像
-How do the numbers here work? Like, what's...
基本上所有国内用药过量的死者
Basically, all the overdose deaths we've had in the county,
他们全都和鸦♥片♥有关
they've all been opiate related.
如果你看一下亨廷顿
If you look at the city of Huntington,
我们的死亡率
we have a death rate,
每十万人里有119个吸毒致死
119 per 100,000.
国家的平均数是13个
National average is 13.
所以我们大约是国家平均数的11倍
So we're about 11 times the national average.
你有那些死者的
Do you have figures about the
经济背景吗
socioeconomic background of the people who are dying?
在亨廷顿部分用药过量者生活环境很好
We've had overdoses in the best neighborhoods in Huntington.
也有的生活很差
We've had overdoses in the worst.
覆盖面很广确实
It's across the board, it really is.
简雷德一个训练有素的护士
Jan Rader, a trained nurse
也是亨廷顿消防部门的副局长
and deputy chief of the Huntington fire department,
还有我们刚刚看到的抢救了
as well as the woman who we just watched
一个服药过量者的女士
save an overdose victim,
都是缉毒特遣队的成员
is also part of the drug task force.
当你在城内开车的时候想起
It's sad when you can drive around the city
那些吸毒致死的案发现场是很令人伤心的事情
and you remember places by who overdosed and died.
然而面对这种泛滥的情况
Unfortunately, with this epidemic,
你必须抛开这些情绪你要知道
you have to throw out, you know,
什么是毒品上瘾
what you thought addiction was,
什么是成瘾者
what you thought an addict was.
你知道我认为
You know, I don't think the
当这种神奇的止痛药
medical field realized what they were creating
也就是合成镇静剂被发明的时候
when this wonderful pain medicine,
医学领域并没有意识到他们创造了什么
synthetic opiates, was invented.
疯狂的是所有新型海♥洛♥因♥和让人上瘾的药物
What's crazy is, all this new smack and pill addiction
都可以追溯到
can essentially be traced to
一种具体的镇静剂和它的制♥造♥者奥施康定
one specific opiate and its maker: OxyContin,
普渡制药于1996年将它投放到市场
released to the public by Purdue Pharmaceuticals in 1996.
奥施康定内含羟考酮
OxyContin is extended release oxycodone.
那是一种很好的药物用于那些
That's a very good drug to prescribe to someone
在生命垂危之际饱受癌症折磨的人
with cancer pain, at the end of life.
安德鲁克劳蒂亚博士一直在研究
Dr. Andrew Kolodny has been studying
全国范围内飞涨的海♥洛♥因♥上瘾率
the skyrocketing rates of heroin addiction across the country
他的研究是从处方药开始的
from its beginning in prescription pills.
你得到重磅药物的方法
The way you get a blockbuster drug
是让医生
is by getting doctors to
为腰痛之类的症状开处方
prescribe it for things like low back pain.
如果是那种很难停药的药物
And if it's a drug that is very difficult to stop taking,
那么你已经得到了神奇的配方
then you've got the magic formula.
普渡公♥司♥的活动贯穿了整个90年代
Purdue campaigned heavily throughout the '90s
来说服医生不只是奥施康定
to convince doctors that not only was OxyContin
足够安全能够用来治疗慢性疼痛
safe to prescribe for chronic pain,
一般来说镇静剂也可以
but that opiates in general,
药物类包括奥施康定
the drug class that includes OxyContin,
还有吗♥啡♥ 氢吗♥啡♥酮以及海♥洛♥因♥
as well as morphine, Dilaudid, and heroin,
都没有之前医药科学展示的