被点亮的星球（2018）

I am gonna tell you about the most incredible place.
我要向你介绍 最令人难以置信的地方
We think we know our home
我们认为我们了解我们的家
but once you've seen it from space, it hits you.
但一旦你从太空中看它，它会震撼到你
It might be the weirdest place in the whole universe.
它可能是整个宇宙中最奇怪的地方
Eight astronauts, with over a thousand days in space between them,
八名宇航员，他们之间的空间超过一千天，
can tell us how being up there helped them to truly understand
可以告诉我们在那里如何帮助他们真正理解
what goes on down here.
这里发生了什么
I've been a stargazer ever since I was a kid.
从我小时候起，我一直是一名观星者
My grandmother even gave me a compass tomake it easier to find the North Star.
我的祖母甚至给了我一个指南针，以便更容易找到北极星
I love looking out into space and imaginingare there other worlds out there?
我喜欢向太空望去，想象那里有其他世界吗？
Is anything living on them?
那里会有生物吗？
You know, every day you're finding a new planetary system that
其实每天你都可以找到一个新的行星系统
looks pretty similar to Earth.
看起来很像地球
The possibilities of life somewhere else other than Earth I think are very high.
我认为地球之外的其他地方 有生命的可能性非常高
I like to think that, that there's other life out there.
我就会想，那里还有其他的生物
If there is life out there what would it be like?
如果那里有生命 会是什么样的？
Could we talk to it?
我们可以和它交流吗？
I mean, is it gonna wanna fight?
或者，会想要打架吗？
Or will it like romantic movies?
还是像浪漫电影？
Is there anything out there like you and me?
你我之间有什么东西相同吗？
To find out, we can't just look into space, we also need to look down here.
要找到答案，我们不能只看太空，我们也需要向下看
I'm gonna tell you how clues to alien life are hidden on our strange rock.
我要告诉你，外星生命的线索是如何隐藏在我们奇怪的岩石上的
Mae Jemison was the first African American woman in space.
Mae Jemison是太空中第一位非裔美国女性
But Earth's orbit was not enough for her
但是地球轨道对她来说还不够
she's now head of a star ship initiative,
她现在是一个星际航行计划的负责人，
its 100 year mission to boldly go where no one has gone before.
它的100年使命是大胆前往没有人去过的地方
Growing up, science fiction was my go-to storytelling.
在成长过程中，科幻小说是我讲故事的主题
漫游太空8天
梅·杰米森
作为一个小女孩，我看星际迷航，很着迷，
because science wasone of the characters.
因为科学是元素之一
It was right inthe middle of it.
它正好是我喜欢的
And so my love for science really met an incredibly interesting vision.
所以我对科学的热爱真的遇到了一个非常有趣的愿景
I was fortunate enough to meet Nichelle Nichols who played Lieutenant Uhura
我很幸运能够见到扮演Uhura中尉的Nichelle Nichols
参加了星际迷航大会
She was really instrumental in the recruitment of some of the first women astronauts
她在招募一些首批女宇航员方面发挥了重要作用
and the first minority astronauts in the US Space Program.
和美国太空计划中的第一批少数宇航员
I wasn't one of her recruits,but I'm really happy to say
我不是她的新兵之一，但我真的很高兴地说
that she's one of my best friends now.
她现在是我最好的朋友之一
You're an Andorian, huh?
你是安道尔人，对吧？
Yes.
是
People are always asking me, "Will we find aliens on other worlds?"
人们总是问我，“我们会在其他世界找到外星人吗？”
And I know they really mean will we find Vulcans or Klingons?
我知道他们的意思是 我们会找到瓦肯人还是克林贡人？
Well, to know how likely that is, we reallyhave to understand how we got diverse,
要知道有多大可能，我们真的必须了解这个星球的生命
complex life on this planet.
如何变得多样化和复杂化
Scientists believe that somewhere around four billion years ago
科学家认为，大约在40亿年前
life emerged on Earth.
生命出现在地球上
One might imagine that, once we get life out of this primordial soup,
有人可能会想到，一旦我们从这种“原汤”中获得生命，
the road to complex creatures like flowers and humans is pretty straightforward.
通往花卉和人类等复杂生物的道路非常简单
But hold on, it's not quite that easy.
但坚持下去，并不是那么容易
There was no rule that life had to get bigger.
没有规则要求生命一定变得更大
There was no rule that life had to become more complex.
没有规则让生命必须变得更加复杂
Life could have stayed simple and small, but it didn't.
生命可以保持简单和小，但事实并非如此
Today, we live in a planet inhabited by over eight million different species.
今天，我们生活在一个由800多万种不同物种居住的星球上
And for that to happen is so unlikely that it makes you wonder
为此 发生这种情况的可能性太小 以至于让你好奇
if it couldhappen anywhere else.
如果它可能发生在其他地方
As you look down at the Earth from space, you see the ocean,
当你从太空俯视地球时，你会看到海洋，
the desert,
沙漠，
the grasslands,
草原，
you know that life exists inevery one of those locations.
你知道生活存在于每个地方
And the type of life that's there?
那里的生命类型？
Well, that depends on what food is available.
那么，这取决于可用的食物
洞穴探险家
罗根·道尔
The caves have no light source.
洞穴没有光源
When you're away from the entrance it's as dark as dark things get.
当你进入洞口时，它十分黑暗
The creatures that choose to livein a cave, they do it for a reason.
那些选择住在山洞里的生物，他们这样做是有原因的
新西兰
怀托莫洞
In a totally dark place any light is incredibly effective.
在一个完全黑暗的地方，任何微小的光都非常有效
The glow worms glow when they are hungry.
萤光蠕虫在饥饿时会发光
The bugs have no idea.
虫子们不知道
They think, oh light,instinctively fly towards it.
他们认为，哦，光，本能地就飞向它
All of a sudden, they're stuck.
突然之间，他们被困住了
The glow worm is adeceptive creature.
萤光蠕虫是一种欺骗性的生物
The more you know, the more you see, the more disgusting
你知道的越多，你看的越多，就越恶心
and ferocious you realize these creatures are.
你会意识到这些生物是凶猛的
When the glow worm's got its bug, it will bite or puncture into the wall
当萤光蠕虫发现它的虫子时，它会咬住或刺穿表皮
of the insect and suck out the inside.
吸食虫子身体
Surely it's a law of nature that life evolves to fit its surroundings.
当然，生命进化到适合周围环境的是自然法则
If we find life on other planets it's likely that it was the best suited to prosper
如果我们在其他星球上找到生命 它很可能是最适应它的环境
in the conditions there, an extra-terrestrial Darwinian evolution, if you please.
在那里的条件下 那就是外星达尔文进化论
As human beings, we are constantly asking questions.
作为人类，我们不断提出问题
Who am I?
我是谁？
Why are we here?
我们为什么在这里？
What is the meaning of existence?
存在的意义是什么？
Well, it turns out the big question forlife is what are we having for dinner?
事实证明，生活中最重要的问题是我们晚餐吃什么？
Food is energy, everything living needs it
食物就是能量，生活中的一切都需要食物，
and it's a big reason creatures live act and look the way they do.
生物的生活行为和他们的样子的重要原因
The complexity oflife here is staggering.
这里生命的复杂性是惊人的
Just imagine how peculiar a camel might appear if you'd never seen one before.
想象一下，如果你从未见过骆驼 骆驼会有多奇特
You might think it was a creature from another planet
你可能会认为这是来自另一个星球的生物
but its strange design makes perfect sense
但它的奇特设计非常有意义
for the way it gets and uses energy,
它获得和使用能量的方式，
like its wide flat teeth for chewing tough plants.
像它的宽扁平牙齿 用于咀嚼坚硬植物的
Or its hump, a mound of fat, stored energy,
或者驼峰，一堆以脂肪储存的能量
that allows it to survive months in a harsh
使它能在严酷环境中存活数月
environment without eating.
在没有食物的环境下
To sustain a complex creature like a camel requires vast amounts of energy.
维持像骆驼这样复杂的生物需要大量的能量
Even something like a fly with millions of complex cells
甚至一只苍蝇 只拥有数百万个复杂细胞
is breathtakingly complicated
复杂程度也令人叹为观止
and requires a steady flow of energy.
而且需要稳定的能量流
But even if you're a tinymicrobe, smaller than a pinhead,
但即使你是一个微小的微生物，小于针头，
you still have energy demands.
也仍然有能量需求
When we think about life we usually think of the big stuff,
当我们思考生活时，我们通常会想到大事，
you know plants and animals, but the majority of life on Earth are small,
你知道植物和动物，但地球上的大部分生命都很小，
single-celled organisms.
单细胞生物
Bacteria.
细菌
And they have evolved to eat almost anything.
他们已经进化到几乎可以吃任何东西
So I think, yeah, you go down the King Mast and then you jump into the third hole.
所以我想 你走下主桅杆 然后跳进第三洞
Okay. Well, you know, I've done the checklist, I've got the comms ready.
好的 你知道 我已经完成核对清单 我已经准备好了通讯
So good luck.
祝你好运
This is one of the biggest graveyards of ships in the world.
这是世界上最大的船舶墓地之一
Around 50 Japanese boats andover 250 aircraft were sunk here
约有50艘日本船只和250多架飞机沉没在这里
by American forces during the Second World War.
在第二次世界大战期间 被美国♥军♥队击沉
Some were blownup with torpedoes,
有些被鱼雷炸毁了
others were bombed.
其他遭到炸♥弹♥轰炸
It might seem like useless junk now, but for some kinds of life it's a perfect home.
它现在看起来像是无用的垃圾 但对于某些生物 这是一个完美的家
All that energy that was poured in to make the vessels of the war
为了制♥造♥战争的船只而投入的所有能量
is there waiting to be released.
在这里等待被释放
Rustics look like stalactites and they are part metal and part microbes.
锈斑看起来像钟乳石，它们是金属和部分微生物的一部分
Microbes extract the chemical energy from the metal, using it to grow and reproduce.
微生物从金属中提取化学能 用来生长和繁殖
To us iron is just a metal, butfor these microbes it's food.
对于我们 铁是一种金属 但对于这些微生物而言是食物
The rusticle is crawling with billions of happy bacteria, all chomping on an
生锈的细菌爬满了数十亿的快乐细菌
all-the-iron-you-can-eat underwater buffet.
可以吃的铁水下自助餐
The first creatures on Earth were microbes.
地球上的第一批生物是微生物
And in the future when all human life has gone,
在将来 所有人类生命都消失的时候
bacteria will still bethere doing their business.
细菌仍将在那里开展业务
I love my food but, I mean, I'm a little picky, and that's because I'm not a microbe.
我爱我的食物 但是我有点挑剔 那是因为我不是一个微生物
They will eat anything,metal, rocks, oil, plastic,
他们会吃任何东西，金属，岩石，油，塑料，
even human flesh.
甚至是人肉
But having a big palate like that comes in handy.
但是像这样的大胃口会派上用场
Bacteria can survive up on mountain tops.
细菌可以在山顶上生存
They can survive in deserts.
他们可以在沙漠中生存