历史频道 狙击手 身在瞄准镜（2009）

you're going through your fundamentals of marksmanship.
我们受训时总被教导深吸气三次 然后呼气
We were always taught take three big breaths and exhale.
把肺里气都呼出来 但是
You've exhaled all the air out of your lungs and you're not,
战术呼吸
又还没要到吸气的时候
thinking about breathing at that point,
就是人最放松的时刻[即战术呼吸]
that's when you're the most relaxed.
这对于稳定射击平台很有帮助
That's going to keep the most stability in your shooting platform.
扳机控制
一般狙击步♥枪♥的扳机扣力约是2.5磅
The trigger pull on most sniper rifles is about 2-and-a-half pounds
只要能保持手指恒定地
So as long as you're consistent with
扣在扳机的同一个位置输出同一个力道
applying that same point of pressure on your finger on that trigger,
就能打得准
you're going to be accurate.
我那会扣扳机扣得都起水泡了
I shot so much that I started getting blisters.
普雷斯牢牢掌握着射杀区域
Place owns the kill zone.
但打偏一发可能就意味着要损失队友
But a missed shot could mean more Marines die on the ground.
他一直守在瞄准镜前
He stays on the scope around the clock.
人说最好只在瞄准镜前看
They say to only be on a scope for
大约30到45分钟 然后就要休息眼睛
about 30 to 45 minutes at a time and then rest your eyes.
可一旦你在伊♥拉♥克♥开了瞄
But when you're in Iraq looking down a scope,
立马就像着了魔一样
it almost becomes something of obsession.
会不想离开瞄镜
You won't come off the scope.
然后就会抓紧每分钟的睡眠时间
And you try to get whatever sleep you can get.
每次就算闭上眼睛了 十字线还在你眼前晃
Anytime you close your eyes, you have a crosshair,
就好象烙在眼球上了一样
which is kind of burned in to your eyeball.
普雷斯的记录 12击杀
Place's kills mount-- 12 dead.
但他面对的是诸多敌人
But he faces an enemy hell-bent
妄图消灭他和他的陆战队弟兄们
on destroying him and his fellow Marines.
叛乱分子开始隔三差五就进行反击
The insurgents started counterattacking about twice a day.
他们开火时身体都暴露在掩体之外
They're very exposed when they're attacking
因为他们老是挑
because they try to take up positions
他们觉得相对安全位置袭击陆战队员们
they feel like are safe to the Marines on the ground,
却不管自己已经暴露了
and that exposes them.
普雷斯的首要目标 解决叛军♥火♥箭筒射手
Place's top priority: taking out insurgent RPG gunners.
火箭推进榴弹
[俗称火箭筒]
他们习惯从他们觉得最佳的位置开火
They got comfortable with where they shot the RPGs from,
我们就能在火箭尾焰尽头看到很多目标
We picked up on a lot of targets from the back blast of those rockets.
每次都在同一个位置发射
They would shoot from the same spot,
对于他们 这真不是个好习惯
and that was a bad decision on their part.
普雷斯用的是伏击方式
Place uses the ambush method
狙击手狙击目标时候有两种方式
And there's two ways of engaging a target as a sniper.
一是追踪 就是说
You can track it, which means
把十字线压在目标上跟着走
you put your crosshairs on the target and you follow it.
追踪方式
然后算出合适的提前量再开枪
And you use a proper lead and you shoot it
二就是伏击
or you can ambush it--
伏击方式
就是说你瞄准目标会经过的方向上
you put your scope out in the direction the target's walking,
等到目标走进视野
and as the target comes into your scope,
就在算好的位置上开火
you fire at the prescribed dope on the weapon.
杀一儆千
"Kill one man, terrorize a thousand."
普雷斯用他的M40A3把火箭筒单位
Place and his M40A3 push RPG teams out
彻底赶出了他们的有效射程
beyond their effective range.
在猎区 他每次扣发
He tightens his grip on the kill zone
都是一记绝杀
with a single, devastating kill shot.
那个目标恰好是515码[471M]
That particular target was right at 515 yards.
515码
普雷斯必须如穿针引线一般
Place must thread the needle, putting a single round
在550米距离一击命中一个10英寸的目标
inside a ten-inch target from five football fields away.
我说 我♥干♥掉他了
And I just said, "I got him."
我对着喉咙上部开火
I held right at the upper throat and fired.
直接命中了他的下巴 下嘴唇位置
And that hit right in the lower lip, at the jaw,
打破了他的脸 直接贯穿了他的头
went through his face and out the back of his head.
这是我头一个干净利落的狙杀
That was my first clean kill shot.
生理机能瞬间停止
It's instantaneous incapacitation.
世间不再有那么个人
its just seized to exist
没有犹豫 没有不忍♥ 就这样
no flinching, no nerve bendings, its over
要瞄准人的致命T区
You aim for what they call "The Fatal T,"
致命T区
简而言之就是瞄脑干打
And it's to aim for brain's stem base clean.
要是能击中该区域 那人倒地前就已经死了
If you can hit that, he's going to die before he hits the ground.
那会切断整个中枢神经的信♥号♥♥传递
It's going to cut off all signals to the body.
在那片区域我♥干♥掉了19个人
I'd had over 19 kills in that area.
尸体就那么留在街上
The dead bodies would lay out in the street,
很多野狗就以那些尸体为食
and there's a lot of wild dogs and they would feed on the bodies.
我坚信 对于叛乱分子这很有震撼力
And that had a devastating affect, I'm sure, to the insurgents,
眼看着自己战友倒在大街上被野狗啃咬
seeing their friends laying out in street getting chewed on by dog
我刚来的时候 有人跟我说
When I first arrived, someone said,
军士长 过来看看这个
"Hey, First Sarge, come take a look at this."
我透过射击孔看了看
And I looked through his loophole
看到了八具尸体 是敌人的
and I saw eight bodies-- dead bodies of our enemy--
说明无论敌人在玩什么花样 都不能得逞
that, uh, whatever they're trying to do wasn't working,
我回过头看着普雷斯下士 他就笑了笑说
and looking back at Corporal Place, he just kind of smiled and said,
份内活 应该的
"Just doing my job."
人常说狙击手是增幅器
People say snipers are a combat multiplier.
他牢牢掌握着那片区域
He owned that whole area.
击毙19人
19 kills.
普雷斯的神射帮助了陆战队继续深入推进
Place's sharpshooting allows Marines to push further into the city.
战斗依然残酷
But the battle still rages.
他经历的最致命最高难度的战役即将来到
His most difficult and deadly shot is yet to come.
远在狙击手上战场开枪之前
Long before the sniper pulls the trigger on the battlefield,
他必须在靶场上掌握各种绝杀技巧
he must master the art of the kill shot on a firing range.
考核用的是靶纸 纸是死的人是活的
We'd qualify on these inanimate pieces of paper.
是人就会动
Everyone that's a human being moves.
一旦动了 要打中就很难
It's hard enough to hit somebody when he's like this.
军士长 威廉姆斯·斯凯莱斯
陆战队 武器训练营
没人喜欢上来就打移♥动♥靶
No one's gonna be like this for you and say, "Go ahead."
所以我们强调针对核心区域 来解决目标
That's why we focus on the core,right here, and put him down.
模拟场景
是人就想打出完美一击
You want to get that perfect shot,
但除非你能命中关键脏器
but if you can hit anywhere in the vital organs,
那才是绝杀
it's gonna be a kill shot.
伊♥拉♥克♥
费卢杰 2004年
Fallujah, 2004.
费卢杰
东经33.3003 北纬43.7717
狙击手 伊森·普雷斯
The sniper: Ethan Place.
四天 击毙19人
Four days, 19 kills.
死尸满大街
Dead bodies litter the street,
给了叛乱分子一个警告 不听话你就是下一个
a warning to insurgents: you could be next.
弹♥药♥ 7.62北约弹
The ammo: 7.62 Nato rounds,
精度和停止力的完美组合
a deadly combination of accuracy and stopping power.
我们的狙击弹♥药♥是7.62X51mm
Our sniper round is 7.62 by 51,
比5.56MM的各型烧药更多
which means it has more powder and
而且"子弹更得劲" 我们用的是175格令的弹头
it has more "Ass to the round." We use a 175-grain round,
伊森·普雷斯
前海陆狙击手
这是相对较重的弹头
and that's a fairly heavy round.
弹头越重 停止力就越多
The heavier the grain you go,the more knockdown power it's gonna have
因为是更大的弹头打到了人身上
'cause it's a big round that's impacting that person.
终端弹道有两种效果
You have two aspects of terminal ballistics:
终段弹道
·侵彻效应
·空腔效应
侵彻效应和空腔效应
the crush factor and the tear factor of the round.
侵彻效应在于
The crush factor being
侵彻效应
弹头直接作用于身体组织的侵彻杀伤
what the round's gonna eliminate from body
以及它所形成贯通伤道 像这个伤道
and it's gonna pass out, like the exit hole
出口有50分硬币大小
probably the size of a half-dollar.
伤口喷出来的组织是被弹头撕裂挤压粉碎的
The tissue that gets blown out of the body that's just crushed.
空腔杀伤则是指弹丸在人体内时
Then you have a tear factor, which is the tissue
将人体组织撕开造成的杀伤
that is torn by the projectile when it's in, the body.
空腔效应
空腔会有12到18英寸[30-46cm]的深度
The tear factor could be 12 to 18 inches in length,
造成的损伤会非常严重
The damage it's gonna cause, it's gonna be absolutely devastating.
普雷斯的绝杀把叛乱分子又逼回了暗处
Place's kill shots push insurgents back into the shadows.
纵是如此他们也无处藏身
But there is nowhere to hide.
距离就是狙击手的优势
Distance is the sniper's ally.
遗憾的是对于叛乱分子
Unfortunately for a lot of the insurgents,