与摩根·弗里曼一起穿越虫洞（2010）

至少有两个会出现在同一个地方
At least two of them should be in the same place.
道路十分的狭窄
Now, the road is pretty narrow,
即使两只鸽子在一起，也会显得很拥堵
so even two pigeons being together, it's a crowd.
因为拥堵，它们相互碰撞
Being a crowd, they collide, collide with each other.
因为这些鸽子代表了量子粒子
Because these pigeons represent quantum particles,
当它们通过轨道的时候
sandu can't actually watch them
桑杜不能真的观察它们
as they travel through the two tracks.
如果他这样做
If he did,
就会干扰它们的运动，破坏这个实验
he would disrupt their movement and ruin the experiment.
我们想确保不会干扰粒子
We want to make sure that we do not disturb the particles.
所以我们需要做的就是
So what we have to do
在黑暗中完成这个实验
is to perform the experiment in the dark.
然而，桑杜的确有一个方法
However, sandu does have a way
可以检查鸽子们是否共享一条轨道
of checking whether the pigeons have shared a track
又不对运动产生干扰
without disturbing their movement.
他在出口处等着它们
He can wait for them to exit
观测它们的帽子是否掉落
and see whether any of their hats have fallen off,
也就是碰撞的标志
a sure sign of a collision.
就像量子世界中的任何东西一样
As with everything in the quantum world,
每做一次实验
the results of the experiment are different
结果都不同
every time it is run.
我用完全相同的方式发射三个粒子
I throwed the three particles exactly in the same way.
有时我看到帽子，有时看不到
Sometimes I see hats. Sometimes I do not.
但实验的一方面似乎违反了
But one aspect of the experiment seemed to fly in the face
量子力学的随机法则
of those quantum mechanical rules of randomness.
只要鸽子从同一个出口出来
Whenever the pigeons exit together on one side,
桑杜发现它们总是戴着帽子的
sandu finds they are always wearing hats.
两只鸽子一定走了同一条轨道
Two pigeons must have gone down the same track,
但很神奇的是，它们没有碰撞
and, as if by magic, they did not collide.
然而，如果
However, if instead
桑杜在分叉口之前检查鸽子
sandu checks on the pigeons right before the fork,
他看到了不一样的结果
he sees something different.
有时他发现它们三个都戴着帽子
Sometimes he finds all three of them wearing their hats,
有时其中两只丢掉了帽子
and sometimes two of them have lost their hats.
如果我在分叉口之前检查它们
If I check them before the fork,
之前发生的事情有两种可能
there were two possibilities of events that happened earlier,
也就是说，帽子丢了，或者没丢
namely, hats were lost or hats were not lost.
如果我之后再去检查它们
If, on the other hand, i check the pigeons only later,
其中一种可能消失了
I see that one of these possibilities disappear.
问题是
The question is,
我是在这里还是那里检查，这个决定是如何
how can my decision of either checking here or checking there
使之前的可能性消失的？
make one earlier possibility disappear?
桑杜相信这个结果最自然的解释
Sandu believes the most natural explanation for what's happening
就是未来的信息
is that information from the future
穿越到了过去
travels backward through time.
鸽子们还在轨道里的时候
While the pigeons are still inside the tracks,
它们好像已经知道桑杜正等着
they appear to already know that sandu is going to wait
在它们出来之后检查它们
and check on them only after they have exited,
所以它们不发生碰撞
and so they don't collide.
我们可以总结出，不管这有多奇怪
We need to conclude that, no matter how strange this may be,
不管多不寻常
no matter how unusual,
最有可能发生的就是
most probably what happens is
未来的确影响到了过去
that the future does influence the past.
你一定听过一句话
You've heard the expression
“生命就像一盒巧克力”
"life is like a box of chocolates."
有这麽多种的可能
There are so many possibilities,
你永远不知道你会得到什么
you never know what you're going to get.
但是可能性也许没有我们想的那麽多
But the possibilities may not be as great as we think.
未来可能穿越回来偷走一些可能性
The future could be reaching back and stealing some.
事实上，整个宇宙的未来
In fact, the future of the entire universe
可能正在操控我们现在的生活
could be controlling our lives right now.
还没有发生的，影响了当下正在发生的
What has yet to happen affects what is happening now.
至少我们在亚原子世界里看到的就是这样
At least that's what we see in the subatomic world.
但我们都是由原子构成的
But we're all made of atoms.
整个宇宙也是
The entire universe is.
那麽宇宙的终极命运
So could the ultimate destiny of the cosmos
会不会影响此时此地的可能
affect what's possible in the here and now?
保罗·戴维斯教授是
Professor Paul Davies is a cosmologist
亚力桑那州立大学的一名宇宙学家
at Arizona state university.
他相信未来发生的事情
He believes what happens in the future
会穿越时间
reaches back through time
影响现在发生的事
and affects what's happening in the present.
而现在正在发生的，已经排除了那些
And what's happening now has eliminated choices
我们以为在过去本来可以完成的事
we thought we could have made in the past.
例如，一旦他的学生踏进了他的教室
For example, once his students step foot into his classroom,
翘课的选择就被排除掉了
an earlier choice to ditch class is ruled out.
保罗的学生相信
Paul's students believe
如果他们愿意，他们本可以逃掉今天的课
they could have skipped today's lecture if they wanted to,
但他认为他们从未有过这种选择
but he thinks that they never actually had that choice.
未来发生的和过去发生的
What happens in the future and what happens in the past
可以被连接起来
can be linked,
所以以某种方式
so somehow,
现在知道未来将要发生什么
the present knows what's gonna happen in the future,
所以现在发生的
and also what happens now
影响了过去本来可能发生的
affects what could have happened in the past.
亚原子粒子的实验
Experiments with subatomic particles
已经显示了物体在未来的位置
have already shown that the future position of an object
限制了它们现在可以在哪里
limits where it can be in the present.
保罗认为同样的事情也许正发生在
Paul thinks the same thing might be happening
我们日常现实的层面上
at the level of our everyday reality.
举例来说，一天结束之时
For example, at the end of the day,
保罗和老婆一起吃晚餐庆祝结婚纪念日
Paul enjoys an anniversary dinner with his wife.
这意味着这一天早些时候的一些事情就不能发生
That means that certain events earlier in the day can't happen.
所以，假设某人走进来
So, supposing somebody walks in
提供给我一张音乐会的票
and offers me some tickets to a concert.
嘿，保罗，今晚维加斯的音乐会
Hey, Paul, i got this extra ticket
我多出了一张票
for this concert tonight in Vegas,
我们得走了，现在
but we have to leave, like, right now.
你想去不？
Do you want to come?
保罗能答应音乐会的邀请吗？
Could Paul say yes to the concert invitation?
如果他答应了，他的老婆就成了一个人
If he does, his wife will be left alone.
等一下，容我查查我的日历
Hang on, let me just check my calendar.
他也许感觉，他查日历的一瞬间
He may feel, right at the moment he checks his calendar,
他就选择了要做什么
that he has a choice about what to do.
我将在将会和晚餐之间做个选择吗？
Am I gonna have to make a decision between the concert and the dinner?
我应该做什么？
What am I going to do?
但他的日历是不相关的
But his calendar is irrelevant,
即使他现在还没有意识到
even though he doesn't realize it in the present.
不去吃晚餐根本就不是一个选择
Not going to that dinner is simply not an option.
保罗知道，错过了晚餐，他就完蛋了
Miss it, and Paul's life as he knows it is over.
哦不，我有些事情走不开
Oh, no. There's something i really can't get out of.
抱歉，你把票给其他人吧
Sorry, you'll have to give it to somebody else.
这不是因为他老婆会跟他发火
It's not that his wife will be mad.
保罗未来的确出席了晚餐
Paul does attend the dinner in the future,
这使得保罗去做任何
and that makes it impossible
阻止晚餐的事都变得不可能
for Paul to do anything that would prevent it.
我得做这个，我得做那个
I've got to do this, and I've got to do that,
我应该如何从中选择呢？
and how do I choose one or the other?
结果表明
And it turns out that
所有这些不同的可能的通向未来的道路
all of these different possible pathways into the future
都限制了我们现在行动自♥由♥
can strain our freedom of action now.
保罗还相信，这种对过去的影响
And, Paul believes, this same backward time effect
在宇宙的尺度上也在起著作用
is at play on a cosmic scale,
从遥远的未来，到万物伊始
from the distant future to the beginning of everything.
为了理解这个
To help make sense of this,
把我们的宇宙想像成一个巧克力工厂
imagine our universe is a chocolate factory.
大爆♥炸♥是生产线的起点
The big bang is the beginning of the production line,
宇宙的终点
and the end of the universe
则是巧克力加工完成的地方
is where the finished chocolates come out.
我们的现在是生产线中间的某个地方
Our present is somewhere in between.