地球之声（2024）

但这些淡水泻湖会响起更奇怪的声音
But these freshwater lagoons echoto an even weirder sound.
随着水生植物在烈日下进行光合作用
As aquatic plants photosynthesizein the hot sun,
它们会释放出氧气
they release oxygen.
气泡从植物表面的孔中挤出
The air bubbles, squeezing out of poreson the plant's surface,
创造出健康淡水世界的奇怪但令人安心的嗡嗡声
creating the strange but reassuring buzzof a healthy freshwater world.
在这种嗡嗡声的背景下
Against this background hum,
水下麦克风捕捉到神秘的呻♥吟♥声和哼哼声
underwater microphonespick up mysterious groans and grunts.
并非来自小水生昆虫
Not from small aquatic insects…
而是来自两栖巨兽
but amphibious giants.
由11种不同叫声构成的秘密语言的一部分
Part of the secret languageof 11 different calls…
这是由河马产生的
produced by the hippopotamus.
河马生活在健谈的群体中
Hippos live in chatty groups or pods.
这个群体由大约20头母河马…
This one is made up of around 20 females…
和在妈妈背上度日的小河马组成
and young calves,who spend their days on mum's back.
这正是它们的日常
Well, that's the idea.
这个群体由一只巨大的占主导地位的雄性负责
The pod is overseen by a huge,dominant male.
对于河马家庭来说 保持联♥系♥至关重要
For hippo families,staying in touch is crucial.
它们通过惊人的声音使用来做到这一点
And they do thisthrough a surprising use of sound.
在水面上 它们标志性的喘息哼声…
Above the water,their trademark wheeze honks…
能传到几乎1公里远的地方
carry for over half a mile.
但河马是少数
But hippos are one of the few animals
可以在水上和水下交流的动物之一
that can communicate aboveand below the surface…
并且上下同时进行
at the same time.
在水下时
When underwater,
据说它们的叫声是通过敏感的颌骨接收到的
their calls are believed to bedetected through sensitive jawbones,
它将声波直接传导到耳朵中
which conduct sound wavesdirectly into the ear.
当听到水下的哼哼声时…
On hearing a sub-aquatic honk…
所有河马都到水面上来
everyone heads to the surface…
进行河马数量统计
for a hippo head count.
这让河马群互相照应
It allows pods to check on each other…
因为这些动物每天可以漫游数公里
as these animalscan roam for miles each day.
但新科学研究表明这些动物还有另一种声音能力
But new science has revealed thatthe animals have another acoustic ability.
在水面以下 河马可以发出一系列快速的咔哒声
Below the surface, hippos can emita series of rapid-fire clicks.
据说它们会听到周围物体反射回来的声音
It's believed they listen to the soundsbouncing back from objects around them…
并使用此信息创建声波图
and use this informationto create a sonic map.
一项了不起的发现表明河马可以用回声定位
An incredible discoverythat suggests hippos can echolocate
很像它们的远亲 海豚
much like their distant relatives,dolphins.
这个技能可以帮助它们导航
A skill which helps them navigate
并在三角洲的浑水中找到彼此
and find each otherin the Delta's murky waters.
我们现在知道80%的河马发声是在水面以下
We now know 80% of hippo vocalizationsoccur beneath the surface.
通过在水面上和水面下使用声音
By using sound both above and below,
河马在非洲水世界过得游刃有余
hippos have mastered lifein Africa's water world.
声 音 背 后
为了记录河马的秘密水下对话
To record the secretunderwater conversations of hippos,
本片工作人员必须找到创新的方法
the Earthsounds crewhad to come up with innovative ways
近距离接触非洲最危险的动物之一
to get close toone of Africa's most dangerous animals.
我和河马打过很多交道 对 它是一个相当棘手的客户
I've worked with hippos a lot,and, ja, quite a tricky customer.
迈克 · 阿莫斯
摄像机操作员
它们比非洲大♥陆♥上任何其他的动物杀死的人都多
They've killed more peoplethan any other mammal on the continent,
因此尝试捕捉它们在水下的交流方式
so to try and capture the waythey communicate underwater
是非常困难的
is very difficult.
下水太危险了
It's far too dangerousto get in the water,
因此工作人员必须尝试将摄像机和麦克风漂浮到河马群身边
so the crew must try and float camerasand microphones towards the pod.
看起来它们的方向是对的
Well, they look likethey're on the right track.
看看管不管用
See if this works.
这是个很有希望的开始
It's a promising start,
但依靠水流并不总是能按计划进行
but relying on water currentsdoesn't always go to plan.
该死 看起来摄像机被卡在河马旁边了
Damn it. Looks like the camerasare stuck right next to hippos,
所以我们得到很近的地方 才能取到它们
so we gonna have to go pretty closeto fetch them.
船员需要小心接近
The crew need to approach with care,
尤其是当雄性在附近时
particularly when the males are around.
看看这个男孩 它正喷着鼻息向我们游来
Just watch this boy 'causehe was coming up to us snorting, so…
公河马体重可达4吨♥ 领地意识很强
Weighing up to four tons,bull males are highly territorial.
一定要留意那头公河马
Gotta keep an eye on that bull.
它在朝我们游过来
He's coming towards us.
如果河马钻到船底下
If the hippo gets underneath the boat,
它可以轻易地掀翻船
he could easily capsize it.
坐下
Take your seats.
这一次…
This time…
好险
That was close.
它游走了
he moves off.
哇 刚才差一点
Yoh! That was a bit tidy.
在水下拍摄已经够困难的了
Gettingthe underwater footage is hard enough,
但录音师菲尔 · 巴克斯想录制河马的叫声
but sound recordist Phil Baxwants to record hippo calls
同时在水上和水下录制
above and below the surfacesimultaneously.
菲尔 · 巴克斯
录音师
我有一支麦克风伸出水面
I've got a microphonesticking up out of the water,
然后另一支麦克风叫做水听器
and then another microphonecalled a hydrophone,
它可以录制水中的声音
which records sound in the water.
所以它会同时录制水上和水下的声音
So it'll record both above and belowat the same time,
希望我们能准确地听到河马听到的声音
and, hopefully,let us hear exactly what the hippos hear.
很好
That's good.
它们有一整套由咔哒声嘎嘎声和呻♥吟♥声组成的语言
They've got a whole language of clicksand croaks and moaning sounds
都在水下进行
going on underneath the water.
菲尔的录音支持了新的科学研究
Phil's recordings back up the new science
就是河马可以用回声定位
that suggests hippos can echolocate.
我们在水下听到的咔哒声我觉得很有道理…
The clicking noises that we're gettingunderneath the water make sense to me
因为现在水很浑浊
'cause the water's quite murkyat the moment,
它们看得不会很清楚
and they wouldn't be able tosee particularly well.
它们利用声音来寻找彼此
They're using soundas a way of finding each other
或找到正在寻找的东西
or finding the thingsthat they're looking for.
这种第六感变得比以往任何时候都更加重要
And this sixth senseis becoming more important than ever.
近年来 气候变暖带来的变化
In recent years, changes brought aboutby our heating climate
降低了三角洲的可见度
have reduced visibility in the Delta…
这意味着河马可能会越来越依赖这种技能来导航
meaning hippos could become increasinglyreliant on this skill to navigate.
这只是动物使用声音…
It's just one waythat animals are using sound
适应我们快速变化的星球的一种方式
to adapt to our rapidly changing planet.