地球之声（2024）

这是棉白杨从根部吸收水分时发出的声响
as cottonwood trees slurp up waterfrom their roots.
随着夏季的脚步逼近
But as summer draws to a close…
空气中充斥着…
the airwaves are filled…
麋鹿标志性的声音
with the unmistakable sound of the elk.
这种奇葩的叫声被称为“嘶叫声”
Their unusual call is known as a bugle,
意味着它们的繁衍季近在眉睫
and it means it's almost timefor them to breed.
这只雄伟的老雄鹿是这一区的老大
This majestic old bullis the boss around here.
它守着一群由多只雌鹿组成的“后宫”
He guards a large herd of femalesknown as a harem.
但它已经活了十年今年很可能是它最后一季当首领了
But at ten years old,this could be his last season at the top.
在接下来一个月里
For the next month,
能否将一众情敌排除在外取决于它发出嘶叫声的能力
keeping rivals away will all come downto his ability to bugle.
这是它驱赶其他雄鹿的方式
It's his way of telling other malesto back off.
这种嘶叫声比我们想象中更复杂
And it's more complexthan you might think.
麋鹿奇特的叫声由两种
The elk's strange callis made up of two different sounds
同时发出的不同声音组成被称为“复音”
produced simultaneously,known as biphonation.
将这种叫声放慢并区分开来后
By slowing downand separating these sounds…
我们就能听出一个是尖锐刺耳的哨叫声
we can hear a high, piercing whistle…
另一个则是深沉的低吼声
as well as a deep, bellowing roar.
这种低音与声音主人的体型成正比
The low notes give an accurate measureof size.
体型越大的公鹿 低吼声越沉
The bigger the male,the deeper the bellow.
但低吼声在森林里传播得不远
But these don't travel farthrough the forest.
高音与体型无甚关系 但胜在传播得更远
The high notes give less informationabout size but carry far further.
声音可传播至1.6公里远
They can be heard from a mile away…
让与其竞争的公鹿听见
by rival males.
一般情况下尖锐的哨叫声就足以吓退竞争者
The high whistle alone is usually enoughto scare off the competition.
但这位不速之客却不以为然
But this interloper has other ideas.
回应就是明着宣战
Calling back is a direct challenge…
现在老公鹿听着可不高兴了
and an unwelcome sound for the old bull.
随着入侵者靠近
As the intruder closes in,
两只雄鹿都竭力发出最深沉的低吼声以此威慑对方
both males try and intimidate each otherwith their deepest roars.
问题是双方势均力敌
But these two are evenly matched.
为了守住“后宫”
To hold on to his harem,
老公鹿不得已上场与对手决斗
the old bull now has no optionbut to fight.
这场缠斗持续30分钟
Lasting up to 30 minutes,
目的是消耗对手的体力 将其累垮
the aim is to wear downand exhaust the opponent.
老公鹿成功将不速之客击退
The old bull sends the interloper packing.
它还要使出一招发声绝技
Now he has one last sound trick to play.
这是宣告胜利的嘶叫声
A victory bugle.
除了人类以外 麋鹿被认为是唯一会使用声音来庆祝胜利的哺乳动物
Elk are the only mammals besides humansthought to use sound to celebrate victory.
再过四周
In just four weeks…
这一连串聒噪的嘶叫比试就会告一段落
these noisy bugling contests will be over.
不久后 气温就会开始下降
It won't be long before the temperaturestarts to drop
到时北美洲森林的声景
and the volume fades down once again
又会再次恢复平静
in the forests of North America.
声 音 背 后
为了捕捉到披肩榛鸡最震撼人心的“鼓声独奏”
To capture the spectaculardrumming solos of the ruffed grouse
剧组跋涉千里
like never before,the Earthsounds team traveled
深入明尼苏达州的森林中
deep into the forests of Minnesota
寻找倒下的树桐
where they searched out fallen logs,
也就是披肩榛鸡演出的舞台
the sound stage from whichthe grouse perform.
录音师尼克 · 麦克马汉认为
For sound recordist, Nick McMahan,
要捕捉这种行为的声音应该不难
recording the audio of this behaviorshould be relatively straightforward.
好在披肩榛鸡将会站在这块原木上“击鼓”
I'm very fortunate that the ruffed grousewill be drumming right on the log here.
所以 比起搜集树上鸟儿的歌♥声
So, it's-- it's much moreaccessible than the birds that are up,
尼克 · 麦克马汉
录音师
这种方式更方便
in the trees singing up above us.
雄性披肩榛鸡经常在原木之间来回往返
Male ruffed grousemove from log to log in the forest,
每在一块原木上栖息它可以连续演出三个小时的“鼓声独奏”
and on each one,they can drum for up to three hours.
披肩榛鸡表演“击鼓”时
As the grouse does itsdrumming performance,
羽毛会快速拍动
it's moving its feathers very quickly.
因此 我希望能通过使用
And so, I'm hoping thatsome of the feather motion
这些麦克风捕捉到羽毛的动作
and the-- and the movement of thatwill be captured with these microphones.
尼克将一台遥控摄像头固定好
Nick sets up a remote camera to record
以拍摄披肩榛鸡的画面并让麦克风保持开启状态
when the grouse displaysand leaves his microphones running.
但对于摄影师道森 · 顿宁来说
But for cameraman, Dawson Dunning,
捕捉画面的难度更高
capturing the visual displayis more of a challenge.
我们总不能走到这些鸟儿跟前拍摄
You can't necessarily just walk upto these birds and film them.
它们挺容易被惊动的
They're actually quite skittish.
道森 · 顿宁
摄影师
它们不会在意我们在场但也会因此不愿意演出
They'll tolerate you kind of being around,but they won't perform.
为了确保披肩榛鸡不会怯场
To make surehe doesn't give the grouse stage fright,
道森安装了一部远程遥控摄像头
Dawson sets up a camerahe can operate remotely.
但为了让人看清楚声音如何产生
But to show how the sound is produced,
他也希望能捕捉到整个过程的超慢动作画面
he also wants to capture itin super slow motion.
这意味着要动用一种特殊的摄像机并将其隐藏在一定的距离之外
And that means using a specialist camerafrom a hide a distance away.
慢动作摄像机能让我们看到
I think what this slow-motion camerawill really allow us to do is see the path
翅膀拍动的方向 得知翅膀怎么推动空气
of the wings and, kind of,how they're actually pushing the air
形成这种震撼的声波
to create this sonic boom sound.
因此 唯有通过这种方法才能放慢速度
So, this is really the only waywe can slow it down enough
以致于看清楚羽毛的动作
to see how the feathers are moving.
否则只能看到模糊的影像
Otherwise, it's just a blur to our eye.
一切准备就绪后一场耐力的考验就开始了
With everything set up,the waiting game begins.
有时它会很久都不来这里
Sometimes he'll, like--he won't come here for hours
因为它在其他原木上逗留过了
because he's stuck somewhere elseon another log
我也只能待在这里 什么也做不了 毕竟…
and I'm just sitting here doing nothingbecause, you know,
我必须耐心等待它出现
I just have to wait for him to show up.
连续几天尝试又落空后
After days of trying and failing,
道森终于时来运转
Dawson's luck starts to change.
可以听到它踩着树叶过来的声音
Can hear him coming on the leaves.
是 它来了
Yeah. There he is.
初登舞台 鸟儿显得有点害羞
At first, the bird seems a little shy.
但自信心获得提升后
But then his confidence builds…
道森终于成功拍下这场完美的“鼓声独奏”
allowing Dawson to finally filmthe perfect drum solo.
太帅了
That's so cool.
我可以感到那股声音打在胸口上
I can just feel that soundjust hit your chest.
你看
Look at that.
太神奇了
That was amazing.
通过使用这种超慢动作摄像机
Using this super slow-motion camera,
我们可以看到翅膀拍动的方向清楚地看到它们怎么产生
you can see the path of their wingsand really how they're creating
这种奇妙的声音
this amazing sound.
每一小节演出 它们都会拍动翅膀50下
They're doing, like, 50 of thesewing beats in one little quick session.
待在森林中三周后
After three weeks in the forest,
剧组成功捕捉到历来最清晰的“鼓声独奏”
the team manages to capturethe drumming shows like never before
揭秘这种艺高胆大的鸟儿如何产生出
and reveal how these plucky birds produce,
北美洲树林里最独特的声音
surely, the most unusual soundsin the woodlands of North America.