人类：我们所有人的故事（2012）

Mankind: the Story of All of Us S01E12

Part 3 March 12, 2021, 2:37 p.m.

On your mark.
投弹!
Now!
蒂贝茨有四十三秒的时间飞离爆♥炸♥区
Tibbets has 43 seconds to escape the blast zone.
爆♥炸♥所释放的热量是太阳表面温度的一万倍
An explosion 10,000 times hotter than the surface of the sun.
原♥子♥弹♥让六万多人顷刻毙命
The bomb kills more than 60,000 instantly.
三天后美国投下了第二枚原♥子♥弹♥
Three days later, a second atom bomb.
日本投降
Japan surrenders.
这是世上最触目惊心的场景
It's the most fearsome thing this world can unleash,
因而在世界的历史长河里
that's why we've only seen two
人们只见过两次
in the history of the world.
自1945年以来人类就进入到了原子时代
Since 1945, mankind has been living in the atomic age.
如今已有超过一万九千枚核弹
Today, there are over 19,000 nuclear warheads
足以毁灭人类二十余次
Able to destroy our species 20 times over.
面对这些原子武器我们终于找到了
With atomic weapons, we finally hit that point
精神危机的关键所在
of a sort of spiritual crisis.
我们是否已走得太远?
Have we gone too far,
我们可以控制这些
and what does it mean
足以毁灭世界的可怕自然力量
that we can control this most elemental of forces
这又意味着什么呢?
with such awesome destructive power?
然而伴着这些毁灭性武器而来的
But with a terrible weapon also comes
是一场能源革命
a revolutionary source of energy.
核能
Nuclear power,
是目前世界上第三大发电能源
now the third largest generator of electricity,
数十亿年来
with the potential to power our planet
核能都有发电的潜能
for billions of years.
在二十世纪
In the 20th century,
科技是推动世界进步的关键
technology and science are the key to enhancing our world.
在南非的一所医院里
Human life takes a giant leap forward
人类向前迈出了跳跃性的一步
in a hospital in South Africa.
1967年开普敦
1967, Cape Town.
克里斯蒂安·巴纳德
Christiaan Barnard.
这位拥有二十年临床经验的医学先锋
A medical pioneer with 20 years' experience,
准备对人体进行重组
preparing to re-engineer the human body.
病人名叫路易斯·华什肯斯基
The patient: Louis Washkansky,
曾是一名拳击手和运动员
Former boxer and athlete.
若是没有巴纳德这次开拓性的手术他就会面临死亡
He'll die without Barnard's ground-breaking surgery.
这是世界上第一个心脏移植手术
The world's first heart transplant.
它向世人展示了捍卫生命的历史性时刻
It was the sentinel moment that showed everybody,
同时这也是一次科学与技术的完美结合
that technology and science married together
其影响力难以想象
could accomplish the unimaginable
改变了人们的生活
in improving human life.
手术的关键是一项新技术的运用:
Key to the operation, a new technology:
人工呼吸机
The life support machine,
这是人类智慧的结晶
The apex of human ingenuity.
科技总是推进人类的生活
Technology has always improved our lives,
让我们一次次超越身体极限
Enabling us to bypass the limits of our bodies
比其他物种走得更快更远
And advance farther, faster, than any other species.
而今人类与机器结合
Now, man and machine unite
重构生命
To re-engineer life itself.
巴纳德在狗的身上已做了五十次心脏移植
Barnard has done 50 heart transplants on dogs,
但从未在人体身上实验过
But never on a human.
"我并没有把握
"I'm not ready for this.
那些狗总是活不长
The dogs didn't survive for long enough.
我又有什么权利在人体上做实验呢?"
What right do I have to experiment on a human?"
华什肯斯的心脏病发作过三次
Washkansky's had three previous heart attacks.
他已病入膏肓
He's critically ill.
这块拳头大小的肌肉
A fist-sized muscle
对地球上所有人来说都至关重要
vital to the life of every person on the planet.
人的一生心脏平均要跳动
The human beats two and a half billion times
二十五亿次
in an average life.
一次骤停都是致命的
One missed beat can be fatal.
第一步就是要移除坏死的心脏
First step: remove the dying heart
然后将人工呼吸机连接到华什肯斯基身上
And hook up Washkansky to a life support machine.
它将代替心脏维持人的生命
It will do the work of the heart.
开启
Pump on.
"我从来没见过这样的胸腔
"I'd never seen a chest like this before.
没有心脏
A human without a heart,
还能依靠机器维持生命"
kept alive by a machine."
心脏是神圣不可侵犯的是我们人体的发动机
Something so sacred as the human heart, the organ of our poets,
也是人体内在的节拍器
the internal metronome of our bodies.
它可以移除替换而病人却还可以
The thought that it could be removed and replaced,
维持生命这是难以想象的
and the patients still live, unimaginable.
手术进行到第三个小时
Three hours into the operation,
病人的血液从体内
with the patient's blood mechanically pumped
不断流失
through his body,
巴纳德必须将捐献的活体心脏在坏死之前植入
Barnard must attach the donor heart before it dies.
巴纳德迅速开始植入新的心脏
Barnard jump-starts the new heart.
清理一下手术台
Clear the table.
快去电击电击
Go ahead and shock it. Shock!
心脏跳动了
The heart beats.
但仍然靠机器维持
But it's still powered by a machine.
它必须要自己跳动
It has to beat on its own
否则华什肯斯基就会死亡
Or Washkansky will die.
这是首例心脏移植手术
The first ever heart transplant.
在这关键时期这次手术堪称一次
An operation that could revolutionize modern medicine
现代医学的革命
at a critical stage.
三次心脏病发作之后
After three heart attacks,
路易斯·华什肯斯基有了一颗
Louis washkansky has a new heart
仍由机器维持跳动新心脏
Still powered by a life support machine.
然而当克里斯蒂安·巴纳德关掉机器时
But when Christiaan Barnard turns the machine off,
心脏停止跳动了
The new heart falters,
血压骤降
Blood pressure drops.
手术失败了
It's failing.
华什肯斯基的心脏已经不能用了
Washkansky's heart is spent.
他命悬一线
His life hangs in the balance.
医学的未来都赌在这手术上
With it, the future of medicine.
克里斯蒂安·巴纳德不仅赌上了自己的事业
Christiaan Barnard's risk was not just to his career,
而且也肩负着那些相信心脏移植手术
he was also risking the dreams of many who believed
能够成功的所有人的梦想
we could do organ transplantations successfully.
这不是儿戏
That it wasn't just a gimmick.
为了挽救华什肯斯基的生命
To save Washkansky's life,
巴纳德重新接回人工呼吸机再次尝试
Barnard puts him back on life support and tries again.
新移植的心脏跳动了
The new heart beats,
而且不靠机器也能维持正常运作
and keeps beating without the machine.
人类历史上最为复杂的手术大获成功
The most complex operation in history, a success.
人工心脏其他器官的移植
Mechanical hearts, transplanting other organs,
重建人体组织这些构想的行成
the thought that we could regenerate tissue,
都源自这位勇士的丰功伟绩
all this came about because one brave man
他用行动向世人证明了
was able to accomplish one unimaginable feat,
这些都是切实可行的
and show it was all possible.
巴纳德迈出的这一步已经拯救了七万五千多条生命
Barnard's procedure has saved over 75,000 lives.
仅在美国
In the United States alone.
每年就有两千五百多例的心脏移植手术
surgeons perform over 2,500 heart transplants a year.
人体的器官可以替代和重组
Our organs, replaceable and re-engineered.
新的身体组成部分新的技术新的人类
New body parts, new technology, a new mankind.
随着科学与技术
But as science and technology free us
使人类超越身体限制
from the limits of our bodies,
世界范围内捍卫人♥权♥ 宣扬公正的抗争
across the world they are also key to a new victory
也取得了突破性进展
in the struggle for individual rights and justice.
阿♥拉♥巴马州的塞尔玛 1965年
Selma Alabama, 1965.
六百名非裔美国人要求变革
600 African Americans demand change,
并激发了一场世界范围的自♥由♥运♥动♥
inspiring a global fight for freedom.
阿米莉亚·博因顿
Amelia Boynton.
五十三岁
53 years old,
从高中起就是一名人♥权♥积极分子
A civil rights activist since high school.
她是个冒险家? 毫无疑问
Risk-taker? Absolutely.
她致力于变革? 绝对如此
Committed to change? Absolutely.
她是英雄? 毋庸置疑
Hero? Absolutely.
她向民♥主♥投票权进军
Marching for the right to vote.
千百年来的歧视是她道路上的绊脚石
Blocking her way, centuries of discrimination.
种族歧视统治着美国南部