人类：我们所有人的故事（2012）

Mankind: the Story of All of Us S01E11

Part 1 March 12, 2021, 2:37 p.m.

我们是创新者发明家
We are innovators, inventors.
我们将地球的资源转换成新的力量
We transform the resources of our planet into new powers.
但随着生活的加速伴随而来的是新的危险
But as life accelerates: new perils...
和人类最伟大的胜利
...and mankind's greatest triumphs.
这颗星球残酷无情在无数混乱中
Amidst the chaos of an unforgiving planet,
大多数物种将会在劫难逃
Most species will fail.
但有一个物种却有条不紊地进化着
But for one, all the pieces will fall into place,
一串钥匙即将开启人类通往胜利的道路
And a set of keys will unlock a path for mankind to triumph.
这就是我们的故事我们所有人的故事
This is our story, the story of all of us.
人类: 我们所有人的故事第11集
弗吉尼亚州里士满市
Richmond, Virginia.
1865年四月
April, 1865.
美国内战正值高♥潮♥
The climax of the american civil war.
北方联盟部队正向南部邦联首府逼近
Union troops close in on the confederate capital.
但邦联军决定放弃他们的首府
But the confederates decide not to defend their city.
他们的计划是撤离重组后再继续战斗
Their plan: evacuate, re-group, keep fighting.
命令传达给两名年轻的士兵
The orders pass to two young soldiers:
威廉·赫林上尉和副官林登·肯特
Captain William Herring, Adjutant Linden Kent.
不知不觉地
Without knowing it,
他们将使战争骤然终止
They'll help bring the war to a sudden end.
美国内战是美国历史上最血腥的战争
The American Civil War: the bloodiest war in US history.
六十万美国人死于战争
600,000 Americans dead,
超过了一战和二战的总和
More than World Wars I and II combined.
但在近现代
But in the modern age,
人类成功的关键是批量生产
The key to the success of mankind is mass production.
现在人们利用工业力量赢得战争
Wars are now won by harnessing the power of industry,
工业给予北方联盟军巨大的优势
Giving the Union a massive advantage.
五分之四的工厂都在北方
Four out of five factories are in the north,
其生产的武器和弹♥药♥
Making 25 times more weapons,
分别是南军的二十五倍和六倍
6 times more ammunition.
许多南方人仍然依靠农耕过着田园生活
Many southerners still live a rural life, based on farming.
受到北方工业力量的冲击
Crushed by the industrial might of the north.
他们处于战败的边缘
They're on the brink of defeat.
他们遗弃了那个曾经背水一战的地方:
Richmond, their last stand,
里士满
Abandoned.
赫林和肯特打算烧掉
Herring and Kent are meant to burn
南方最有价值的商品: 烟草
The south's most valued commodity: tobacco,
并销毁食品和补给品
And to destroy food and supplies,
以及任何联盟军可以使用的物品
Anything that could be of use to Union troops.
等一下我刚刚还在奋勇战斗
Wait a second, I was just fighting
保护这座城市
to protect this city,
现在你让我的努力付之一炬
and now you want me to burn it to the ground,
你疯了吗
are you insane?
这个想法之震惊和恐怖
The shock and the horror of this idea
一定是世界上最可怕的事情
must've been the most terrible thing in the world
然后问题来了
and then the question comes:
你会遵循命令烧掉你所保卫的城市
do you follow orders and burn what you've defended,
还是听之任之呢
or do you let it be?
我们真的要这么做吗
Are we really going to do this?
南部邦联军想要销毁仓库
The Confederates want to destroy the warehouses,
但要让里士满完好无损以迎接他们的归来
But leave Richmond intact, ready for their return.
里士满是一种理念一种信仰
Richmond is a concept, a belief.
只要里士满还存在南部邦联军也就不会灭亡
As long as Richmond exists, so does the Confederacy.
但火势已蔓延失控
But the fire spreads out of control.
一千座建筑物燃起烈火
1,000 buildings burn.
弹♥药♥库爆♥炸♥了
Munitions dumps explode.
邦联军亲手摧毁了他们自己的首府
The confederates lay waste to their own city.
这是世界末日只能用这个词形容了
It's Apocalyptic, that's the only way to describe it.
邦联军让一座首府火光烛天
The Confederates are leaving a capital ablaze,
化为废墟
a capital in ruin,
一种理念毁之殆尽一个政体荡然无存
an idea in ruin, a political system in ruin.
一切都结束了
It's the end.
六天后南军投降了
Six days later, the South surrenders.
世界上第一场工业战争结束了
The world's first industrial war ends.
过去因战争而奋战的人类和机器
Now, the men and machines that fought the war
现在为一项新的事业而奋战
Fight for a new cause:
那就是人类的进步
Progress.
技术大爆♥炸♥
An explosion of technology.
人类作为工具的生产者挺进了现代
Man, the tool-maker, charges into the modern age.
紧随美国内战之后的时期
The period immediately following the Civil War
是一段非常奇妙的时期
was curiously enough a time
人们极度乐观
of enormous optimism,
当时人们前所未有地
a time when people embraced
信奉进步的理念
the idea of progress like they'd never done before.
人们相信一切都可以变得
People believed that everything could be done
更快更大更好
faster, bigger, better.
每隔一天
Every other day,
报纸上就有一篇文章
there'd be a newspaper article
报导一些无与伦比的新发明
about some new extraordinary invention,
新技术
some new technology,
一些处于风口浪尖的新突破
some new breakthrough that was just on the cusp.
仅在美国四十年中就有了四十万项专利
In the US alone, 400,000 patents in 40 years.
新发明批量生产
New inventions, mass produced.
相同的部件单独制♥造♥
Identical parts, made separately,
在流水线上组合
Put together on the assembly line.
产量高成本低
High volume, low cost.
在世界各地有了连锁反应
Around the world, a chain reaction.
工业扩张了700%
Industry expands 700%.
批量生产横扫北美和欧洲
Mass production sweeps through North America and Europe,
之后向东传播到亚洲
Then spreads east to Asia.
日本
Japan.
两百年来与世隔绝
For 200 years, cut off from the rest of the world.
一种中世纪的生活方式隔绝了西方世界的进步
A medieval way of life isolated from western progress.
但即使在这里改变也即将到来
But even here, change is coming.
旧时东京一家理发店里
A barbershop in old Tokyo.
一名男子将推动日本进入现代
One man will help launch Japan into the modern age.
他就是岩崎弥太郎
Iwasaki Yataro.
一位富有远见的改革家日本武士
Visionary, reformer, samurai.
他决定拥抱未来
Determined to embrace the future,
他将切断与过去的联♥系♥
He'll cut ties to the past.
武士统治了日本六百年
The samurai have ruled Japan for 600 years.
武士阶层
A warrior class...
因刀而生卒于刀下
...who live and die by the sword.
在这几百年中
During the several hundred years
日本闭关锁国
that Japan shut its doors to the world,
武士崇拜被提升到
the cult of the Samurai was elevated
一个不可思议的地位
to this mystical status,
其核心就是对武士佩刀的崇拜
and at the heart of it, the worship of the sword.
日本刀象征着武士之魂
The soul of every warrior in his sword.
日本刀的钢千锤百炼
Made from hammered steel.
有三万两千层
32,000 layers.
每层的厚度只有一英寸的十万分之一
Each a hundred thousandth of an inch thick.
锋利到足以一次切开五个人的身体
Sharp enough to slice through five human bodies at a time.
但日本武士古老的封建礼教让日本
But the samurai's ancient feudal code keeps Japan
一直生活在过去
Living in the past.
岩崎来自于一个古老的武士家族
Iwasaki, from an old samurai family.
他以削发抵♥制♥旧秩序
He'll reject the old order by removing his top knot.
传统上战败方会被割掉发髻
Traditionally cut off in defeat,
以示羞辱
an act of humiliation.
对岩崎来说这却是解放
For Iwasaki, it's liberation.
他以日本武士的身份进入理发店...
He enters the barbershop a Samurai...
以企业家的身份离开
he leaves an entrepreneur.
1884年岩崎租用了一家旧船厂
1884, Iwasaki rents an old shipyard,
为此后的三菱公♥司♥打下基础
The base for his company: Mitsubishi.
铸刀技术将用来制♥造♥
The expertise that made swords will make ships
钢铁船
from steel.
作为磨练了几百年的铁碳合金
An iron and carbon alloy honed over centuries,
钢铁是人类创造的超级金属
Steel is a man-made super metal
强度可达纯铁的十倍
up to 10 times stronger than pure iron.
今天我们每年要用掉十三亿吨♥的钢铁
Today, we use 1.3 billion tons of it every year,