了解宇宙是如何运行的（2010）
How the Universe Works S03E02
Part 6
Dec. 22, 2021, 6:44 p.m.
pushing everything we see to a long, cold,
和迟钝的死亡世界
and very slow death.
除非 换句话说 有离奇的事情首先发生
Unless, that is, something bizarre happens first.
一种叫相变的怪物
A monster called Phase Transition
正潜藏在阴影里
is lurking in the shadows,
它可能随时摧毁
and it could annihilate the fabric of space and time
时空结构
at any moment.
我们给水制冷 水变成冰
When we cool down water, it turns into ice.
此时水的属性改变
The properties change.
如果你生活在水里 水变成冰
If you lived in the water, when it changed to ice,
你的世界会大不寻常
your world would be very different.
水相变成冰 同时释放热量
Water phase changes into ice when it loses energy.
我曾经把一瓶水忘在车里一整夜
I once left a water bottle in my car overnight.
它看起来还是液态的 但在我碰它那一刻
it was still liquid, but the moment I touched it,
一点儿小意外
the slight imperfection,
一小片冰形成了 开始扩散
the little bit of ice that it formed, spread,
瞬间 布满了整个水瓶
poof, and filled up the whole bottle.
快速地变化成新事物
That rapid change to something new
叫做相变
is called a Phase Transition,
怪异的是 同样的事情可能发生在真空
and bizarrely, the same thing could happen to empty space.
我们终于能够理解
We've really come to understand
我们不应该想当然地认为
that we shouldn't take for granted that, vacuum,
真空是稳定的
what we call nothing, is actually stable.
潜藏在真空里的能量可能
It could be that the energy stored in empty space
正在等待时机 在一次相变过程中释放出来
is just waiting to be released in a Phase Transition.
如果是这样 物理学定律将会改变
If it is, the laws of physics will change.
在时空结构里一次自然的过失
A spontaneous glitch in the fabric of space-time
有可能触发一次空间的相变
could trigger a Phase Transition of space,
一个新宇宙的微小气泡扩散开来
a tiny bubble of new universe that spreads out,
重写了旧世界
overwriting the old.
我们知道它会发生 因为以前它就发生过
We know it can happen, because it's happened before.
在大爆♥炸♥那一刻
At the moment of the Big Bang,
首先创造出来的宇宙
the universe that's first created
完全不同于我们今天的宇宙
is completely different to the one we see today.
炽热 而且没有成形
Hot and without form,
没有物质 没有时间
there's no matter, no time.
物理学定律在这里不适用
The laws of physics are different.
突然 不到万亿分之一秒
Suddenly, less than a trillionth of a second later,
一个差错触发了一次大相变
a glitch triggers a Phase Transition.
一个微小气泡形成了 它就是我们今天生活的宇宙
A tiny bubble of the universe we live in today forms,
微小的气泡快速向外扩张
and it races outward,
同时毁灭它接触到的一切
destroying everything it touches
就像水瓶里的冰
like ice spreading through water.
溢出的能量创造出我们敕以生存的
The energy that spills out creates the space and time
空间和时间
that we exist in,
物质构件和控制力量
the building blocks of matter and the forces that govern them.
释放出来的能量制♥造♥出当前宇宙的
All that energy was released, producing all the matter
全部物质和辐射
and radiation we observe in the universe today.
这能量毁灭了旧世界
The old universe gives up its energy
创造出新世界
to create the new.
BUT IT HOLDS SOME BACK.
But it holds some back.
真空里潜藏着能量
The vacuum of space still has energy bound to it.
也许就是我们所说的暗能量
Perhaps this is the dark energy we see today.
物理学家相信 在将来的某一天
Physicists believe that someday in the future,
时空结构里一种新的差错
a brand new glitch in the fabric of space-time
也许会触发另一次相变
may trigger another Phase Transition,
这次相变会将人类和宇宙万物
one that wipes us and everything we see
彻底删除
out of existence.
这是毁灭全宇宙的一种方式
This is a way to destroy an entire universe,
因为当前宇宙里
because within your universe
潜藏着自我毁灭的火种
are the seeds of its own destruction.
死亡气泡以光的速度向外扩散
It would spread out at the speed of light in a death bubble,
毁灭途经的所有星系
ruining all the galaxies as it passes through,
最终毁灭我们的全部宇宙
and ultimately completely destroying our universe.
相变扩张所经之处 没东西能幸存
Nothing can survive the expanding Phase Transition.
行星、星云、星系、所有一切
Planets, nebulas, galaxies, all are ripped apart
气泡所及之处 立即土崩瓦解
as the boundary of the bubble reaches them.
气泡内部 质子是不稳定的
Inside this bubble, protons are unstable,
原子开始重新排列 组成新的物质形态
atoms begin to rearrange in a new form of matter.
在气泡扩张的同时
As these bubbles begin to expand,
新的宇宙正在诞生
a new universe is being born
旧的宇宙正在灭亡
in the corpse of the old universe,
新的物理学定律亦随之产生
and the beginning of a new law of physics.
因此 当前正在膨胀的宇宙
And so, the expanding universe we now see
也许会终结于一次相变 我们不知道是什么打中了我们
may end in a Phase Transition, but we won't know what hit us,
亦不知道物理学定律因何改变
cause the laws of physics will change,
最有可能在它发生那一刻
and we will essentially most likely disappear
我们就消失了
at the instant it happens.
气泡将以光的速度扩散
This bubble will expand at the speed of light,
当气泡经过你时
and as the bubble passes you,
你身体里的原子会自动地重新排列
all the atoms of your body rearrange themselves,
你会再也认不出自己了
and you would never know it.
你得不到警告 因为气泡
You would have no warning, because the bubble itself
在以光的速度扩散
is expanding at the speed of light.
你不能准确预测相变何时发生
You can't predict precisely when it could happen.
你只能干一件事
You only have a probability.
你只能预测概率
So what you really are predicting is a rate.
它是一年发生一次？ 还是一百亿年发生一次？
Does it happen once a year? Once every 10 billion years?
是古戈尔年发生一次？ 还是无论什么年
Once every googol years? or whatever.
很有可能这些气泡是有核的
It's very possible that these bubbles get nucleated
每一百亿年或二百亿年生长一次
and grow about once every 10 or 20 billion years.
所以它还没发生过 因为我们够幸运
So it hasn't happened yet because we got lucky.
它不太可能在明年或者明天发生
It's unlikely it would happen the next year or the next day,
但物理学定律却绝对允许
but the laws of physics absolutely allow it.
相变也许会发生 也许不会
A phase change may happen, or it may not.
宇宙守口如瓶 将秘密隐藏
The universe plays its cards close to its chest.
像暗能量和暗物质
And, like dark energy and dark matter,
也许有更多惊喜上门
there may be more surprises to come,
将只会增加宇宙送给我们的
surprises that will only add to the mystery and wonder
神秘和惊奇
our universe holds for us.
无论是什么在主宰着宇宙
Whatever the universe is up to,
我们都一无所知
we still don't know enough.
目前 我们处于发现的时代
We're in an age of discovery right now.
也许有别的东西在那里
Perhaps there is something else out there
我们不了解的东西
that we don't know about.
所以我不做任何结论
So, I'm not going to draw any conclusions
直至有决定性的事件发生
until things are conclusive.
我们不了解暗能量的性质
We don't understand the nature of dark energy.
因为不了解 所以一切皆有可能
And without that understanding, virtually anything is possible.
未来尚不确定
The future is still uncertain,
这意味着谜团尚未解开
and that means there's still a mystery.
对我而言 这是最令人兴奋的可能性
And for me, that's the most exciting possibility of all.
了解宇宙是如何运行的（2010）
How the Universe Works
剧集 | 了解宇宙是如何运行的（2010） | 导航列表