解释一切（2018）

‎(很久以前)
‎很久以前
Once upon a time,
世界上大部分地方 ‎都是由国王和女王统治的
most of the world was ruled by kings and queens.
‎几乎在地球上每个社会里 ‎他们都位于权力顶端
In almost every society on Earth, they sat at the top,
‎声称他们的绝对权力是上帝赋予的
claiming their absolute power came from God.
‎几千年来都是如此
And it worked that way for millennia.
‎但在17世纪 一种激进的思想 ‎在大众中传播开来
But in the 1600s, a radical idea spread among the masses.
‎如果人人生而平等
What if everybody was born equal
‎且人们有权选择 ‎谁来统治他们会怎样?
and people had the right to choose who ruled over them?
‎这是一场思想革命
This was a revolution of thought,
‎彻底颠覆了君主制
which turned the monarchy on its head
‎激发了真正的革命
and inspired actual revolutions.
‎世界从几乎完全的皇室统治
The world went from almost total royal rule
变成了这样
to this.
现在只剩下43个君主国 ‎王室拥有的权力有大有小
There are only 43 monarchies left, with a range of power.
‎有些仍然拥有绝对权力
Some still have absolute power.
‎其运作方式都各不相同 ‎但每一个国王
They all operate differently, but every king...
‎没有绝对的女王
...there are no absolute queens,
‎都可以为他们的公民做出决定
can make decisions for their citizens,
而公民不能通过投票让他们下台
and their citizens can't vote them out.
‎这就是君主制的传统运作方式
That's how monarchies have traditionally worked.
‎更新型、更奇怪的君主制国家在这里
The newer, stranger monarchies, are over here.
有些君主受到特殊保护
Some have special protections...
‎但都象征性地统治着民♥主♥国家
...but they all rule over democracies symbolically.
‎但就在不久前
But not too long ago,
‎他们还以不可置疑的权力 ‎统治着自己的国家
they also ruled their countries with unquestioned power.
‎他们是这样坐到这位置上的
That's how they got these jobs.
‎大多数君主制国家位于欧洲
Most of them are European
‎或者曾是英国的殖民地 例如牙买♥♥加
or former British colonies, like Jamaica.
‎在21世纪 让英国女王 ‎担任牙买♥♥加的国家元首
Having the Queen of England as the head of state of Jamaica
‎实在是太荒谬了
is really ridiculous in the 21st century.
‎我们本应是一个后殖民♥国♥家
We're supposed to be a post-colonial country,
‎却仍然保留着那些帝国的痕迹
yet we're hanging on to all of these vestiges of empire.
‎是时候废除女王的元首地位了
It's time to get rid of the queen as head of state.
‎但在英国 大多数人支持君主制
But in Britain, most people support the monarchy.
‎事实上 除了一个君主外
In fact, every ceremonial monarchy, except one,
‎所有仪式性君主在自己的国家 ‎得到了大多数人的支持
enjoys majority support in their home country.
‎一部分原因是他们 ‎让我们相信童话故事
In part, because they sell us on a fairy tale.
‎这些童话故事伴随着我们长大
We have all grown up on these fairy tales.
‎亲吻青蛙 青蛙就会变成王子
Kissing the frog and the frog turns into this prince.
‎我们大部分人都是 ‎在这些故事的伴随下长大的
So many of us would have grown up with those kinds of stories.
‎这些童话般的时刻 以及盛大的婚礼
These fairy-tale moments, these grand weddings,
‎这种叹为观止的表现
this sort of a spectacular display.
‎都是人们梦寐以求的事情
These are things people can only dream of.
‎差不多是迪士尼电影照进现实
It's sort of Disney movies personified.
‎而这个由英国王室不断完美的幻想
And this fantasy, perfected by the British royal family,
‎现在成为了世界各地王室 ‎生存的一个重要原因
is now a big part of how royal families everywhere survive.
‎如今王室的首要目标是生存
The royal family's main goal, above everything else, is survival.
‎作为精英阶层
As an elite institution,
‎他们最为担心的就是延续性
more than anything, they're worried about continuity.
‎他们到底是怎么做到的?
So how on earth did they pull it off?
‎他们是怎么从绝对统治者
How did they go from absolute rulers
‎变成童话般的名人?
to fairy-tale celebrities?
‎这种美好的幻想能持续多久呢?
And how long can the fantasy last?
‎现在女王已披上王袍
Now the robe royal is put upon the queen.
‎日本尊称其天♥皇♥
The Japanese, they call him the God Emperor.
‎战争结束后 英国如何在世界各地
How well Britain can hold this loose, worldwide structure together
‎维持这个松散的体制 ‎这对于未来是极其重要的
at war's end is of enormous importance for the future.
‎成千上万的人聚集在街道两旁 ‎想要一睹这对皇室夫妇的风采
Tens of thousands lined the streets to glimpse the royal couple.
‎这是一场独一无二的 ‎童话般的皇家婚礼
This was a royal fairy-tale wedding like no other.
‎皇室家族在我们所有人心中
The royal family hold a place of respect
都占有一席之地
and affection in all our hearts.
‎他们的幸福就是我们的幸福
Their happiness is our happiness.
‎剧名:王室
‎仪式性君主令人着迷
Ceremonial monarchs are fascinating to watch.
‎他们继承了国王和女王先辈的 ‎所有皇室标志
They have all the royal trappings you'd expect from old kings and queens.
‎他们拥有王冠、宝座、宫殿
Crowns, thrones, palaces.
‎但他们其实没有实权
But they're virtually powerless.
‎即使是世界上最著名的君主
Even the most famous monarch in the world,
‎英国女王伊丽莎白二世
Britain's Queen Elizabeth II,
‎也只是个名义领袖
is just a figurehead.
‎她本身没有任何政♥治♥权力
She doesn't have any political power per se.
‎她不制定法律
She doesn't make laws.
‎她不能影响
She isn't meant to influence
‎不同政♥治♥家或政党的政策
the policies of different politicians or political parties.
‎相反 皇室会做一些象征性的事情
Instead, royals do symbolic things,
‎比如宣布议会开会 发表演讲
like officially open Parliament with speeches.
‎接待来自世界各地的君主和总统
Host monarchs and presidents from around the world.
‎以及站在阳台上 ‎挥手致意
And stand on balconies and wave.
‎他们很喜欢这么做
They really, really like to do that.
‎(西班牙皇室)
‎没有政♥治♥权力意味着基本上不受争议
Not having political power means that you are essentially uncontentious,
‎不会做出以后会被公众反对的决定
that you can't make decisions that can later be disagreed with by your public.
‎因此保持公正 ‎是现代君主立宪制的关键
So being impartial is key to modern constitutional monarchy.
‎我很喜欢他们的非政♥治♥本性 ‎他们不在任何事情上表明立场
I like most their apolitical nature. They don't take stances on anything.
‎保持中立
Having a neutral figure
‎不掺搅政♥治♥琐事
above all petty politics
‎是没有办法实现的
couldn't be achieved
‎如果名义领袖 也就是国家元首
if the figurehead, the head of state,
‎是通过选举当上的
had been elected.
‎他们也有团结国家的强大力量
They also have this incredible power to unify a country.
‎我们只需看一下最近发生的疫情
We only need to look at the recent pandemic,
‎女王如何能够把整个国家凝聚起来
how the queen was able to bring a country together.
‎我们应该安慰自己 ‎疫情或许还会持续下去
We should take comfort that while we may have more still to endure,
‎但好日子总会回来
better days will return.
‎民众多年来或几十年来 ‎一直看到同一个人物
It can also provide a comforting continuity,
‎以及延续了几个世纪的同一个家族
seeing the same figure over the years and the decades.
‎这也能提供一种令人安心的延续性
And the same family over centuries.
‎(第二章 血统)
‎(盖扎凡哈布斯伯格 ‎奥地利帝国大公殿下)
‎那是我曾曾祖父
That is my great-great-grandfather,
‎奥地利弗朗茨约瑟夫皇帝
Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria.
‎弗朗茨约瑟夫皇帝当时在欧洲
Emperor Franz Joseph was the longest-reigning monarch
‎是在位时间最长的君主
in Europe at that time.
‎他代表着哈布斯伯格家族的主支
He represented the main line of the Habsburgs.
‎哈布斯伯格家族是欧洲 ‎历史最悠久的皇室家族之一
The Habsburgs are one of the oldest European royal dynasties.
‎盖扎的祖先统治了帝国600多年
Géza's ancestors ruled for more than 600 years.
‎如今 他住在纽约布朗克斯维尔
Today, he lives in Bronxville, New York.
‎在美国 我就是个普通人
Here in the United States, I am just a commoner,
‎但在欧洲的很多圈子里
but back in Europe, there are many circles
‎哈布斯伯格家的人 ‎依然被当作特别人士
where the Habsburgs are still considered as something special.
‎哈布斯伯格家族的其他成员 ‎就没这么幸运了
Other Habsburgs weren't so lucky.
‎这个家族中的一支 ‎在16世纪从主支中分♥裂♥出去
One branch of the family, which split off in the 16th century,
‎他们过于热衷于 ‎把权力维持在家族内部
became so concerned with keeping power within their bloodline,
‎居然近亲通婚
they married each other.
‎而且这是常有的事
A lot.
‎表亲们、叔叔伯伯和侄子侄女们
Cousins, uncles and nieces,
‎以及更多的表亲
and more cousins,
‎导致了不幸的结果
with unfortunate results.
‎比如说哈布斯伯格家的鞋拔子脸
Like the protruding Habsburg jawline.
‎那种下巴实在太畸形
It was so deforming,
‎画家和雕刻家努力把畸形程度
painters and sculptors tried to minimize
‎降至最低
this deformation.
‎因为1700年发生的
Because of these intermarriages,
‎近亲结婚
in the year 1700,
‎因为后来不再有孩子出生
because no more children were born,
‎西班牙分支就此灭绝了
the Spanish line died out.
‎对盖扎而言 不属于统治的皇室家族 ‎最大的一个好处
For Géza, the greatest blessing of not being a reigning royal
‎就是他可以选择结婚对象
is that he can choose who to marry.
‎我真的很走运
I am incredibly blessed
‎不必跟皇室成员结婚
not to have had to marry a royal.
‎我的妻子是全天下最好的
I have the most extraordinary wife,
‎她跟我有着完全相同的兴趣爱好