解释一切（2018）

平均每年有七千多部新电影上映
[Rainn Wilson] In an average year, more than 7,000 new movies are released
超过一千多部新电视节目
and over a thousand new TV shows,
数千个新的电子游戏
thousands of new video games,
每天有成千上万条新播客
hundreds of thousands of new podcasts,
和六万多首新歌♥
and more than 60,000 new tracks
上传到Spotify音乐平台
are uploaded to Spotify every day.
在所有这些娱乐消遣中
Among all these options for pleasure and diversion,
于2020年受欢迎程度增长最多的一项
the one that experienced the greatest surge in popularity in 2020
是拥有超过一千五百多年的历史
is over 1,500 years old.
国际象棋正经历着 我们从未见过的繁荣
A boom is taking place in chess like we have never seen.
该娱乐活动高居心愿清单榜首
[reporter] The game is topping wish lists this holiday season,
零售商称国际象棋库存告急
and retailers say they're having trouble keeping it in stock.
甚至在国际上
Even internationally,
象棋的下载量也上升了11%
it looks like downloads for chess are up by 11%.
在很短一段时间里 国际象棋是流媒体平台Twitch上
[narrator] For a brief period, it was the most popular genre
最受欢迎的类型
on the streaming platform Twitch,
超过了像《英雄联盟》 和《堡垒之夜》这样的电子游戏
surpassing video games like League of Legends and Fortnite.
成千上万的人甚至收看了我的比赛
Thousands even tuned in to watch me play.
他失误走到了H4 逻辑要被将死了
He blunders to H4. Logic's gonna see the checkmate, I think.
瞎说什么呢？白♥痴♥！
[Wilson] What was that? Idiot!
我回看国际象棋的历史的时候
When I look at chess through its history,
发现它被认为是一种 高智慧的人玩的游戏
it was considered a game that people who were very smart played.
伟大的领袖深受其吸引
Great leaders have been drawn to it.
还有思想家
And thinkers,
还有艺术家
and artists,
还有精英运动员
and elite athletes.
名人会来店里下棋
[man] Celebrities who come to play chess in the store.
马塞尔杜尚过去常来这里玩
Marcel Duchamp used to come and play in this address.
斯坦利库布里克过去常来这里玩
Stanley Kubrick used to come and play.
鲍比菲舍尔也常来玩
But also Bobby Fischer used to come and play.
要成为一名优秀的棋手 不必是天才
To be a good chess player, you do not have to be a genius.
这一点的确是个迷思
I think that's a very big myth.
但一直以来 象棋不仅仅是一种消遣
[Wilson] But chess has always been more than just a pastime.
它超越了年龄、信仰和文化
One that transcends age, creed and culture,
不知何故 它永远不会过时
but somehow never gets old.
象棋很有吸引力 就像是逃离现实生活
It's fascinating. It's like escaping from your real life
带你进入6♥4♥个方格的新世界
into this new world of 6♥4♥ squares.
那么 为什么这种古老的棋盘游戏
[Wilson] So why does this ancient board game
一直紧紧抓住我们的想象力呢？
continue to capture our imagination?
国际象棋有什么特别之处？
What's so special about chess?
国际象棋是一种很棒的游戏 一种脑力的游戏和运动
[man 1] Chess is a great game. A game and a sport for the mind.
一个人需要倾尽所有的时间才能成为
[man 2] One needs to give all one's time to it to make
世界顶级棋手
the top players in the world.
我喜欢下棋 因为这个游戏很不错
I like to play chess because it's a nice game.
我们现在意识到任何大脑正常的人
We now realize that anyone with a normal one of these pieces of equipment
都可以成为特级大♥师♥
can become a Grandmaster.
国际象棋机器通过过去的经验
[man 3] The chess-playing machine learns the best moves
分♥析♥一些不同的象棋走法 来学习最佳的招数
by using its past experience to analyze a number of different moves.
然后选择一种
And then selects one.
剧名：国际象棋
[crowd clamoring]
王国遭到攻击
[Wilson] A kingdom is under attack.
敌人的骑兵突攻陷了城♥堡♥
The enemy's cavalry has stormed the castle.
国王已经逃走了
The king already fled.
没有人知道他逃去了哪里
Nobody's sure where he's going,
但国王不死 战斗就不会罢休
but they'll fight until they learn he's dead.
这是女王有生以来第一次感到无助
For the first time in her life, the queen is entirely helpless.
一个帝国被摧毁得如此惨烈
An empire brought to its knees so spectacularly,
这是子孙后代应该了解的事情
it's the kind of thing future generations should study.
他们的确做到了
And they have.
这个棋盘上所发生的的故事正是如此
That's all happening on this chess board.
这个游戏中的这一时刻
And this moment in this game
充满了传奇的意味
is the stuff of legend.
这是一种很美妙的游戏
[man] It was a beautiful game.
当然 对于初学者来说 会觉得非常神奇
And to beginners, of course, it just looked miraculous.
德国工程师爱德华拉斯克
[Wilson] Edward Lasker, a German engineer,
在1912年的某天于伦敦下船时
had no idea he was about to make chess history
并不知道自己命中注定 将在那天创造国际象棋的历史
when he got off the boat in London on that fateful day in 1912.
他的第一站是城市顶级象棋俱乐部
And his first stop was the city's top chess club.
拉斯克一句英语都不会讲 但在这里
Lasker didn't speak a word of English, but here,
这件事不重要 有人邀请他来简单较量一下
it didn't matter. A man invited him to play a quick game.
拉斯克不知道 他是乔治艾伦托马斯爵士
Lasker didn't know it was Sir George Alan Thomas,
可以算是英格兰最好的棋手
arguably the best player in England.
这是一场比较随意的比赛 但碰巧被记录下来了
It was a casual, offhand game that happened to be recorded.
不是锦标赛 也不是为了钱
It was not in a tournament, and it was not for money.
如今 这次比赛被戏称为 “完美的国王猎杀”
[Wilson] Today, it's nicknamed "The Perfect King Hunt"
因为实在是太残酷了
because it's so exquisitely brutal.
有时候也称为“致命诱惑”
Or sometimes "Fatal Attraction,"
因为它本身也美妙至极
because it's beautiful at the same time.
要真正看到象棋的美
And to really see the beauty of it,
首先要知道如何下象棋
it first helps to know how to play.
我要教的是六岁的 还是二十岁的人？
Am I teaching a six-year-old or a 20-year-old?
六岁小孩 绝对是六岁
[woman] A six-year-old. Definitely a six-year-old.
你的手下有八个兵
[Wilson] At your disposal are eight pawns,
就是你的步兵
your foot soldiers.
六岁的孩子们对兵有认同感
[Saidy] The six-year-olds identify with the pawns.
兵是最弱小的棋子
They're the weakest little pieces,
但它们能战胜敌人的国王
but they can overcome the enemy king.
然后有车 强大的城♥堡♥
Then you have the rooks, the powerful castles.
车走直线 不算是最激动人心的棋子
It just goes in a straight line. It's not the most exciting piece.
车旁边是马
[Wilson] Next to the rooks are your knights.
它们看起来就像…
They look like…
马一样 每个人都喜欢马 对吧？
Horsies. Everybody loves horsies, okay?
它们以“L”字形移♥动♥
[Nakamura] They move in an "L" shape.
它们跳着走 -有点像马
[Saidy] They hop around. -Kind of like a horse.
下一个棋子是象
[Khachan] Next player is the bishop.
非常远的距离 它们可以从棋盘的一端到另一端
[Nakamura] Very far distance. They can go from one end of the board to the other end
攻击对手的棋子
and attack your opponent's pieces.
象旁边是最强大的棋子
[Wilson] Next to the bishop is your most powerful piece.
在15世纪末之前
Prior to the late 15th century,
这个棋子只能走一个格子
that piece only went one square.
但后来欧洲各地涌现出了 许多有权势的女领导人
[Wilson] But then a lot of powerful female leaders emerged all over Europe.
（阿♥拉♥贡的凯瑟琳）
突然间那个弱小的棋子…
And suddenly that weak piece…
被一个可以一步
[Saidy] Was replaced by a queen
去往棋盘各处的后所取代
that could go all over the board in one move.
失去了后的话 除非你真的很厉害 否则不妨认输算了
Without a queen, unless you are good, you might as well resign.
接下来就是最重要的棋子
[Wilson] And then there's your most important piece of all.
弱弱的王
[Saidy] The little king,
只能向任何方向上移♥动♥一个格子
that can only go one square in any direction.
他看起来像个懦夫
He seems like such a weakling,
但如果你不保护他 你就会输掉比赛
but if you don't protect him, you lose the game.
在古波斯 人们常说
[Wilson] In ancient Persia, they'd say,
“将死对方的王”
"Shah mat,"
“国王死了”
"The king is dead,"
变成了“将死”
which became "checkmate."
就是这样
And that's it.
这是你的军队 你敌人的同你的一样
This is your army, same as your enemy's.
现在 你只需要走出第一步
Now, you just have to make your first move.
（开局）
爱德华拉斯克执白棋 这意味着他要先走
Edward Lasker drew white pieces, which meant he would go first.
他面前有20种选择
And there were 20 things he could do.
托马斯爵士也一样
Same for Sir Thomas.
但这两种选择
But already those two choices
已经可能导致400种不同的棋局
could result in 400 different games.
拉斯克和托马斯是这样下的
Lasker and Thomas played this one.
一步之后 可能的棋盘布局情况
A move later, the number of possible board configurations shoots up
激增至71852种
to 71,852.
在每位棋手走完第三步后 大约是九百万种
After each player makes their third move, it's around nine million.
有这么多选择 如何决定该怎么走呢？
With that many options, how do you decide what to do?
几个世纪以来 答案都是
For centuries, the answer was
“你要出击杀敌”
"You're out for blood."