蓝色星球（2001）

Over sixty per cent of our planet
我们的行星有超过60%的陆地
is covered by ocean more than a mile deep.
被深一英里以上的海洋覆盖着
That, the deep sea is by far the largest habitat on earth
这些汪♥洋♥深海 是地球上最大的生物栖息地
and it's largely unknown.
我们对它也是所知甚少
Join us on a journey to the very bottom of the deep sea,
跟我们一起旅行到深深海底
to an alien world never revealed before.
这是一个前所未见的奇异世界
lt's home to some of the strangest animals on earth.
这里也是许多世界上 最怪异动物的家
Fish flash in the darkness ...
鱼类在幽暗海底闪着光亮
... new species are discovered on almost every dive.
几乎每次下潜 都会发现新的物种
More people have travelled into space than have ventured this deep.
到过太空的人 都比到过这深海底的人多
Come on a journey into the abyss.
与我们一起到深海中一探究竟
A sperm whale takes a breath, its last for over an hour.
抹香鲸浮上来吸一口气 也是接下来超过
lt is about to leave the warm,
一个小时的时间中的最后一口
well-lit surface waters and dive far down into the cold,
它正要离开温暖明亮的水面
dark depths of the deep ocean.
下潜到幽暗寒冷的深海里
At the surface it took in air at the same pressure as we breath it.
它在水面附近所呼吸的空气 气压与我们相同
But it's going to look for food
但是当它为了觅食
at more than a thousand metres down,
来到超过一千公尺的深海时
where pressure is a hundred times
这里的压力是水面上的数百倍
that on the surface, crushing the whale's lungs
将鲸鱼的肺部挤压到
to just one per cent of their volume.
只剩原容量的1%
For us to follow the whale,
人类若要尾随鲸鱼下沉
we need the very latest submersible.
就要靠最先进的潜水艇
A reinforced acrylic sphere,
强化压克力球体
with walls 12 centimetres thick,
球壁厚12公分
protects a pilot and our cameraman
保护我们的驾驶及摄影师
from the enormous pressure below
不受水底巨大的压力影响
and allows the submarine to dive to
也让潜水艇可以下潜到
just over nine hundred metres.
900公尺多的深度
With every passing metre, pressure increases and sunlight diminishes
每下沉一公尺 压力增强，天光渐渐昏暗
''One thousand feet ...
一千英尺
By three hundred metres it's already very dark
到了水深300公尺处 已经变得非常黑暗
and the temperature of the water is dropping fast.
水中的温度也迅速下降
We are entering the twilight zone ...
我们进入了微明区
a weird world of gloom, where many animals
一个奇异的昏暗世界 许多动物
have become completely transparent.
都变得完全透明
ln this twilight, an animal needs to see and
在这个微光的世界 动物必须要能看得清楚
yet as far as possible must avoid being seen.
同时不希望被敌人看得太清楚
A giant amphipod, 12 centimetres long
一只巨大的排骨虾，长12公分
and almost perfectly transparent.
几乎全身完全透明
lts head is completely filled by two huge eyes,
头部构造几乎就是两只大眼睛
with which it strains to detect its prey.
正提高警觉查看有无猎物
Another twilight monster, Phronima,
巧科动物是另一种 活在微明区的怪物
the inspiration for the 'Alien' movies.
是许多外星人电影的灵感来源
She and her developing pink offspring live
她与成长中的后代像寄生虫般
like parasites in the stolen body of a jelly.
住在偷来的水母身体中
This impressive cutlery set and its huge eyes
这套令人赞叹的双剪 及它的一双大眼睛
make Phronima a powerful predator.
让巧科动物成了 强而有力的掠食者
Even really complex animals have become transparent in the twilight zone.
就连较高等复杂的生物 在微明区都变得透明
Squids are among the most advanced of invertebrates,
乌贼是最高等的无脊椎动物
but this one never meets a hard surface in its entire life,
但是这只乌贼可能一辈子 都不会到水面上去
so its body need not be as robust as that of its shallow water cousins.
所以身体不需要像其他 在浅水域生活的表亲那么强壮
There's a rich variety of jellies that live nowhere else but in the deep sea.
在深海里住了各式 其他地方找不到的水母
Thousands of tiny cilia propel them through a world without walls.
成千上万只细小的纤毛 让它们在无边无际的大海推进
lnvisible in the gloom,
隐身在一片昏暗中
they grope blindly for their prey.
它们盲目地探索猎物的所在
Comb jellies let out long sticky nets to catch passing copepods.
梳子水母伸出长长的黏网 捕捉过往的桡脚类动物
But the most extensive death trap is set by siphonophores.
最广大的死亡之网 则是由管水母所设下
This pulsating bell is the head of a colonial jelly,
这个鼓动的铃 是一群聚生水母的头部
that can be forty metres long.
最长可达40公尺
Millions of tiny stinging cells, drifting through the sea.
几百万只带刺的细胞 在海中浮沉
Five hundred metres down
水深五百公尺
and in even the clearest tropical waters only
在这里就连最清澈的热带海域
the faintest vestige of the sunlight remains,
也只剩下最微弱的光亮
so little that our eyes can't detect it ... but others can.
光线是如此微弱，我们的肉眼也无法 查觉但是其他生物却可以
Survival in the twilight zone
微明区的生存取决于
is all about seeing, yet not being seen.
看见与不被看见中间
Hatchet fish are masters of the game of hide and seek.
棘银斧鱼是捉迷藏的专家
They have the large, sensitive eyes
它们有对敏锐的大眼睛
needed for seeking prey, but their bodies are flat.
可以侦测猎物的存在 但它们的身体却是扁平的
And their sides are highly silvered.
两侧的身体闪着银光
Head on, they are just visible,
正对面时它们是
thin though they are, but as soon as they turn ...
清楚可见的 但就在它转身之后
... their mirrored sides reflect the remnants
它们的身侧会像镜子一样
of blue light from the surface and they disappear into the gloom.
反射出来自海面的微弱蓝♥光♥ 就这么消失在微亮中
Viewed from the side, whole shoals can hide in this way.
从侧面看 鱼群处在良好的伪装中
But what about from below?
但是从下面呢？
The tubular eyes of many of the predators
许多猎食者管状的眼睛
even in this gloom are able to distinguish their prey,
可以在微弱的光亮中
silhouetted against the scarcely detectable glimmer of light from above.
辨识猎物微弱日光下的剪影
Hatchet fish, however, have a way of confusing any eyes
棘银斧鱼有办法骗过任何
that might be searching for them from below.
在它们身下搜寻的眼睛
Their bellies carry rows of light-producing cells called photophores.
它们在腹部有种会发光的细胞 称作发光器官
They can use these to exactly match
它们利用发光器官制♥造♥出
the changing colour of light from the surface far above.
与水面透下的天光相仿的颜色
This counter shading breaks up their silhouette,
这项反影装置 破坏了它们的剪影
making them almost invisible from below...
从下面看上来 几乎无法发现它们的踪影
... almost.
只是'几乎'而已
But these are no ordinary eyes.
但是这对眼睛绝不寻常
The enormous yellow lenses enable
这对巨大的黄色眼镜
their owner to distinguish between light
让它们的所有人可以清楚辨认
produced by photophores and sunlight.
自然的天光及发光器官
So, one device for escape is countered by
所制♥造♥出来的光
another equally subtle one for attack in
在持续千百万年的演化竞赛中
an evolutionary arms race that has been waged
为了逃命而演化出的装置
for millions of years.
被另一项猎食装置破解
Descend below a thousand metres and
下沉到一千公尺的深度后
you enter the dark zone.
我们进入了黑暗地带
No sunlight whatsoever penetrates this deep.
没有阳光可以穿透到这里
The temperature of the water has dropped
海水的温度降到
below four degrees Centigrade.
摄氏四度以下
The pressure is more than
而压力则是
a hundred times that at the surface.
陆地上的一百倍
Life becomes every more sparse.
在这黑暗而危险的世界
lt's a dark, dangerous world.
生机罕见
Relative to body size, these are the largest teeth in the ocean,
就其与身体的比例来说 这是海中最大的牙齿
they are so big that their owner can't even close its mouth.
这些牙齿如此巨大 它的所有人连嘴都合不拢
They belong to the Fang Tooth.
这位所有人就是尖牙鱼
Unlike most deep sea fish this has powerful muscles and is an aggressive hunter.
尖牙鱼不同于其他的深海鱼，它拥有 强壮的肌肉是非常具侵略性的猎食者
With food in such short supply at this depth,
食物在这么深的海底实在不足
dark zone predators have to be able to deal with a meal of almost any size.
黑暗地带的掠食者 不论猎物大小都来者不拒
Many animals here are dark red, like this deep sea jelly.
在这里许多动物都是深红色的 就像这只深海水母一样
Caught in the lights of the submersible,
在潜水艇的灯光照射下
it's a spectacular firework display of colour.
反射出如烟火般绚烂的色彩
Normally, no red light penetrates as deep as this,
通常没有红光可以穿透至此
so animals with red pigment
所以身上有红色素的动物
appear completely black down here, perfectly concealed.
在这里看起来是全黑的 完全隐身在黑暗中
Predators here, however, don't just rely on vision many have tiny eyes.
但是这里的掠食者 不全靠视力捕捉猎物
lnstead, their thin rod-like bodies
很多掠食者的眼睛都很小
are lined with organs sensitive to tiny movements in the water.
但它们棍状纤长的身体布满了 可以侦测水中微小波动的器官
This monster, half a metre across, is a Hairy Angler.
这只身长半公尺的怪物 叫做毛灯笼鱼
This is the first time it's been seen.
这是它第一次出现在世人面前
lt's covered with hundreds of sensitive antennae,
他的身体上覆盖了 几百个敏锐的触角
each capable of detecting the movements
每个触角都可以侦测到
of any prey careless enough to stray too close to this motionless predator.
任何粗心大意游过这只 静止不动的猎人身边的猎物
But this, surely, must be the strangest
这一位该算是已知的深海鱼中
of all the deep sea fish yet discovered.
最奇特的一种
A highly sensitive metre long tail hangs down
一条长一公尺高度敏感的尾鳍
from the head that makes up a quarter of its body.
自占去身长1 的头部垂下
lts eyes are tiny, but its mouth is truly enormous.
它的眼睛十分细小 但嘴巴却十分巨大