蓝色星球（2001）

Dwarfed by the vast expanse of the open ocean
因为海洋的辽阔而显得渺小的
the biggest animal that has ever lived on our planet.
是这个星球上最巨大的生物
A blue whale, 30 metres long and weighing over 200 tonnes
蓝鲸，身长30公尺 体重超过200公吨♥
lt's far bigger than even the biggest dinosaur
它身型的巨大 远超过体型最大的恐龙
lts tongue weighs as much as an elephant
它的舌头有一头大象那么重
lts heart is the size of a car
心脏约是一台车的大小
And some of its blood vessels are so wide that you could swim down them
它身上的某些血管宽到 可以让我们从中游过
lts tail alone is the width of a small aircraft wings
光是他的尾鳍 就有一台小飞机的机翼那么宽
lts streamlining, close to perfection, enables it to cruise at twenty knots
蓝鲸的流线身形接近完美 让它能够以20海里的速度航行
lt's one of the fastest animals in the sea
是海洋中速度最快的动物之一
The ocean's largest inhabitant feeds Almost exclusively on one of the smallest
身为海洋中体积最大的动物蓝鲸赖以 维生的却是海洋中最小的生物之一
krill, a crustacean just a few centimetres long
磷虾是一种 身长只有几公厘的甲壳类动物
Gathered in a shoal, krill stain the sea red and a single blue
磷虾会在浅滩聚集 将海面染成一片红色
whale in a day can consume forty million of them
一只蓝鲸可以在一天之内 吃下4千万只磷虾
Despite the enormous size of blue whales, we know very little about them
相较于它身型的庞大 我们对蓝鲸的了解却是微乎其微
Their migration routes are still a mystery and
它们迁徙的路线仍然成谜
we have absolutely no idea where they go to breed
人们完全不知道 蓝鲸的繁殖的地点在哪里
They are a dramatic reminder of how much
蓝鲸的存在 强烈地提醒我们
we still have to learn about the ocean and the creatures that live there
对海洋及海洋中的生物 所知实在有限
Our planet is a blue planet
我们的星球是一个蓝色的星球
Over seventy percent of it is covered by the sea
地表有70%是被水所覆盖
The Pacific Ocean alone covers half the globe
光是太平洋就覆盖了半个地球
You can fly across it non-stop for twelve hours
即使坐上飞机 横越太平洋连续飞行12小时
and still see nothing more than a speck of land
除了远方小点般大的陆地外 看到的仍是一望无际的海洋
This series will reveal the complete natural history of our ocean planet from
这一个系列的影片 将为您完全揭开
its familiar shores to the mysteries of its deepest seas
我们这个海洋星球的自然历史
By volume,the ocean makes up 97% of the earth inhabitable space
从我们所熟悉的陆地 到神秘的海洋深渊 以容量来算 海洋占去地球97%的可居地
And the sheer quantity of marine life it contains far exceeds that which inhabits the land
海洋中孕育的生物数量 远远超过陆地生物的数量
But life in the ocean is not evenly spread.
但是生物在海洋中的分布 并不平均
lt's regulated by the path of currents carrying nutrients
海洋生物的分布 是依据饱含养份的洋流的流向
and the varying power of the sun
以及阳光的强度而定
ln this first programme we will see how these two forces interact
在第一集的节目中我们将会看到 这两种力量如何交互作用
to control the distribution of life from the coral seas ...to the polar wastes
从珊瑚礁海域到极带 控制海洋中生物分布
The sheer physical power of the ocean dominates our planet
海洋纯粹的力量 掌控着我们的星球
lt profoundly influences the weather of all the world
对全球的天气有绝对的影响
Water vapour rising from it forms the clouds
水气从海洋中升起 到天上变成了云
and generates the storms that ultimately will drench the land
风起云涌卷起了风暴 最后化成甘霖落在陆地上
The great waves that roar in towards the shores
狂啸着打向海岸的海浪
are dramatic demonstrations of its power
就是海洋力量 最强有力的证明
Waves originate far out at sea
海浪从海洋远处而起
There, even gentle breezes can cause ripples
在那里，就连轻柔的微风 都能勾起涟漪
and ripples grow into swells
而涟漪，会渐渐变成海浪
Out in the open ocean, unimpeded by land, such swells can become gigantic
在一片汪♥洋♥中，没有陆地的阻碍 小风浪最后变成滔天巨浪
lt's only when an ocean swell eventually reaches shallow water
海浪一直要到了浅水区
that it starts to break
才会开始散开
As it approaches the coast
海浪在向陆地接近的同时
the water at the bottom of the swell is slowed by contact with the sea bed
下面的部分 因为与陆地的接触流速变慢
The top of the swell, still travelling fast,
上面的部分则仍以高速前进
starts to roll over and so the wave breaks
最后翻过下面的部分 使浪形散开
The ocean never rests.
海洋流动不息
Huge currents, such as the Gulf Stream,
巨大的洋流，像是墨西哥湾流
keep its waters constantly on the move all round the globe
让海水在地球上循环流动不息
lt's these currents more than any other factor
这些洋流，是控制海洋中
that control the distribution of nutrients and life in the seas
生物及养分分布的主力 其影响远大于其他因素
A tiny island lost in the midst of the Pacific
一座迷失在太平洋中♥央♥的小岛
lt's the tip of a huge mountain
它是一座巨大高山的山顶
that rises precipitously from the sea floor thousands of metres below
从几千公尺的海底 陡然地升出海面
The nearest land is three hundred miles away
最近的陆地离它有300英里远
lsolated sea mounts like this one create oases
像这样孤立的海底山 创造出了海上绿洲
where life can flourish...
让生命能够在
in the comparatively empty expanses of the open ocean
一望无际的汪♥洋♥中孕育不息
But all the creatures that swim beside it would
但是这些在四周游动的生物 如果没有这一样要素
not be here were it not for one key factor - the deep ocean currents
就根本不会出现在这里 那就是深海洋流
Far below the surface they collide with the island's flanks
在深深的水底洋流
and are deflected upwards
与小岛的侧边相撞
bringing with them from the depths a rich soup of nutrients
带着来自深海的 丰富养分向上偏转
Such up-wellings attract great concentrations of life
向上偏转的洋流 吸引了丰富的生命聚集
Most of the fish here are permanent residents,
这里大部分鱼类都是永久居民
feeding on the plankton, the tiny floating plants and animals that are nourished
以浮游生物为食，浮游生物是 悬浮在海水中的植物及动物
by the richness brought up from the depths
已被洋流从深海中 带上来的养分为生
And they in turn, attract visitors from the open ocean
这些生物也吸引了 从海上而来的过客停留
Tuna.
鲔鱼
The plankton feeders are easy targets
吃浮游生物的动物 是最好的目标
All this action attracts even larger predators...
这些海洋里的活动 吸引了其他更大型的撩食者
Sharks!
鲨鱼
Hundreds of sharks.
几百只的鲨鱼
These silky sharks are normally ocean-going species
平滑白眼鲛通常在海上旅行
but the sea mounts in the eastern Pacific,
但是在东太平洋
like Cocos, Malpelo and the Galapagos,
像可可岛，莫裴洛岛 加拉巴哥群岛这一类的海底山
attract silkies in huge groups up to five hundred strong
吸引平滑白眼鲛成群出没 数量甚至接近500只
Silkies seem to specialize in taking injured fish
平滑白眼鲛 特别擅长捕捉受伤的鱼
and constantly circle sea mounts on the look out for the chance to do so
经常在海底山巡游找寻机会
But Silkies are not the only visitors
这里的访客可不只平滑白眼鲛
Hammerheads gather in some of the largest shark
丫髻鲛会聚集成
shoals to be found anywhere in the ocean
海洋上最大的鲨群
Sometimes thousands will circle over a single sea mount
有时候会有上千只鲨鱼 同时绕着一座海底山巡游
But these sharks are not here for food
但是食物不是它们 群聚在此的理由
They have come for another reason
而是另有原因
Some of the locals provide a cleaning service
一些在地的生物 可以为它们做清洁的服务
Following the last El Nino year,
紧接着上一个圣婴年
when a rise in water temperatures
温度的升高
caused many sharks to suffer from fungal infections,
让许多鲨鱼饱受霉菌感染之苦
the number of hammerheads visiting the sea mounts reached record levels
而丫髻鲛来到海底山的数量 也创下纪录
Nutrients also well up to the surface along the coasts of the continents
海底上来的养分 可以抵达各大洲的海岸
This is Natal on South Africa's eastern seaboard
这里是位于南非东岸的纳塔尔
lt's June and just off-shore, strange black patches have appeared
现在是六月，而就在海边不远处 奇怪的黑斑块出现了
They look like immense oil slicks up to a mile long
看起来像一大♥片♥油污绵延数里
But this is a living slick
这其实是一条有生命的滑带
Millions and millions of sardines on a marine
千百万的沙丁鱼
migration that in terms of sheer biomass
其生物量足以与
rivals that of the wildebeest on the grasslands of Africa
非洲草原上的羚羊匹敌
These fish live for most of the time
这些鱼群大部分的时间
in the cold waters south of the Cape,
都生活在好望角以南的冷水中
but each year the coastal currents reverse
但是沿岸流每年都会转向
The warm Agulhas current that
通常由北而下
usually flows down from the north
温暖的安哥拉海流
has been displaced by cold water coming up from the south
被从南而上 带有丰富营养的冷海水所取代
and that has brought up rich nutrients
这些冷海水造就了
They, in turn, have created a bloom of plankton
丰富的浮游生物
and the sardines are now feasting on it
这些沙丁鱼则正在享用大餐
As the sardines travel north,
沙丁鱼向北游的同时
a whole caravan of predators follow them
一大群掠食者紧随在后
Thousands of Cape Gannets track the sardines
几千只好望角塘鹅 紧盯着这些沙丁鱼
They nested off the Cape
它们在好望角筑巢
and timed their breeding so that their newly-fledged chicks
算好时间生育 这样它们羽翼初丰的幼鸟
can join them in pursuing the shoals
可以随它们一起追逐鱼群
Below water, hundreds of sharks have also joined the caravan
在海底，数百只鲨鱼也加入了
These are Bronze whaler sharks,
短尾白眼鲛
a cold water species that normally lives much further south
是一种生活在冷水中的鲨鱼 通常栖息在更远的南边
These three-metre sharks cut such great swathes
这些身长3公尺的鲨鱼 可以在丰厚的沙丁鱼中
through the sardine shoals that their tracks are clearly visible from the air
切出一道从空中 也清楚可见的通道
Harried by packs of predators and swept in by the action of the waves,
被这些掠食者 及海浪冲击的沙丁鱼群
the sardine shoals are penned close to the shore
渐渐被导近了海岸
Common dolphin are coming in from the open ocean to join the feast
真海豚也从海上来到加入盛宴
There are over a thousand of them in this one school
这一群就有一千只以上
When they catch up with the sardines, the action really begins
当它们赶上沙丁鱼时 行动才真正开始
Working together, they drive the shoal towards the surface
它们会全体合作 将鱼群赶到靠近水面的地方
lt is easier for the dolphins to snatch fish up here
海豚在靠水面的地方 比较容易捕捉到鱼
Now the sardines have no escape
这些沙丁鱼无处可逃了
Thanks to the dolphins, the sardines have come within the diving range of the gannets
因为海豚的帮忙，这些沙丁鱼游到了 塘鹅潜水的深度范围