蓝色星球（2001）

These seas
这些远离陆地
thousands of miles from nearest land
千百里远的海洋
are the most sterile on our planet.
是地球上最没有生机的地方
These are marine deserts.
是一片海洋沙漠
But here live the swiftest and the most powerful of all ocean hunters
但是这里也住了一群最敏捷 最强有力的海中猎人
Simply finding them is an immense challenge
要找到它们就已是 一项艰巨的挑战
but we are about to follow them as they search for their food
而现在我们要跟随它们 在这片尚不为人知
in this little known part of the seas - the open ocean.
的海洋觅食 这片辽阔的远洋
Striped marlin - voracious predators... that can grow to three metres long.
红肉旗鱼是凶猛的肉食性动物 可以长到三公尺长
They hunt mainly in daylight
它们通常
searching the tropical oceans from close
在白天猎食
to the surface down to depths of a hundred metres or so.
巡游在热带海域 从水面到100公尺深的水域
Normally the fish they feed on are widely dispersed
通常它们的猎物范围 广泛分布
but sometimes their prey gathers in dense shoals, like these sardines.
有时也会找上大量群聚的猎物 像是这些沙丁鱼
This feast may last for over an hour,
这顿大餐够吃一个多小时
time enough for other hunters to reach the scene.
这段时间也足够 让其他猎人赶抵现场
Juvenile tuna join in the feeding frenzy.
小鲔鱼加入了抢食行动
The noise attracts a giant - a sei whale.
这些噪音引来了一只庞然大物 是塞鲸
lt's fourteen metres long and twenty tonnes in weight
身长14公尺重20公吨♥
and has an appetite to match.
食量与身形一样惊人
Soon the only sign that the sardines ever existed are scales
很快地沙丁鱼存在的痕迹
sinking down into the abyss.
只剩下这些沉入深海的鳞片
Such feasts don't last long.
这种大餐撑不了多久
Within a few short days, waters that once swarmed...
没几天这些曾经充满食物
with food will have been cleaned out.
的海域就会被清空
The hunters must move elsewhere and once again
这些猎食者一定要移♥动♥到别处
start their search of the seemingly featureless open ocean.
重新开始在这 一片荒凉的汪♥洋♥寻找食物
A manta ray - immense - five metres
巨大的鳐魟鱼
across from the tip of one wing-like fin to the tip of the other.
两翼张开有5公尺长 它的活动非常省力
lt's travelling economy, wasting as little energy as possible,
会在热带水域中滑行
as it glides through the waters of the tropics.
以减少热量的消耗
The remora fish that accompany it travel
搭便车跟着它移♥动♥的鲫鱼
more economically still - by hitching a lift.
当然是更省力了
Their host is searching for food - plankton,
它们的宿主寻找着猎物
the minute fish and invertebrates that float near the surface.
也就是浮在水面的微小鱼类 及无脊椎动物等浮游生物
lt needs lots of them and may cruise for days before...
鳐魟鱼的需求量极大 可能会游好几天的时间
it finds a good feeding ground.
来寻找适合的进食地点
Dusk, at the edge of a Pacific lsland
在太平洋小岛边缘的黄昏
three thousand miles from the nearest continent.
离最近的大♥陆♥有3000英里远
Here surgeon fish have assembled to spawn.
这里有粗皮鲷群聚产卵
As they perform their nuptial dances
它们在表演求偶舞的同时
they discharge clouds of eggs and sperm into the water.
会释出烟雾一般的卵及精♥子♥
The manta must have known this was about
鳐魟鱼大概早已预知 产卵期的发生
to happen for it arrived at exactly this critical moment.
所以在最重要的时刻抵达
And it is not the only one to do so.
而且不只一只
Others are here too.
其他的也来了
Now all they need to do is to sweep the water into their mouths
现在只需将海水扫入口中
and sieve out the eggs.
挑出里面的卵就可以了
Within an hour, the whole event will be over...
整个事件将在 一个小时以内结束
Any surviving eggs will be so dispersed
所剩的卵散布海面
that they are not worth collecting.
已不值得搜食
But other perils await them as they join
但是其他的危险正等着它们
the clouds of eggs and larvae and tiny fish
它们渗入了一团
that drift through the surface waters of the open ocean.
飘过远洋海面的卵群与幼鱼中
These are the eggs of yellow fin tuna.
这些是黄鳍鲔的卵
lf the hatchlings survive, it will take them two years to become adults.
如果成功孵化 它们需要两年的时间长成成鱼
ln three years, they could be nearly two metres long
三年内它们就会长到 2公尺长
and weigh two hundred kilograms.
重达200公斤
Perhaps only one in a million will live as long as that.
幼鱼要存活可能只有 百万分之一的机会
They and the other animals and microscopic plants of the plankton
它们及其他 微生动植物等浮游生物
constitute the basis of all life out on the open ocean.
是所有远洋中生命的基础
A storm petrel dancing on the water.
一只叉尾海燕在海面上跳舞
But this is no amiable waltz.
这不是可人的华尔兹
lt's a hunt.
其实是在猎食
As they hover facing into the wind,
当它们朝风翱翔时
they pick out morsels from near the surface, including eggs.
会从水面附近撷取如鱼卵等碎食
Only a tiny percentage of the developing eggs
只有极小部分的卵
will survive long enough to hatch.
能存活到孵化的时候
These newly emerged tuna are only three millimetres long
这些新生的鲔鱼 只有三公分长
and although they can swim they're still very vulnerable.
虽然会游泳，但仍十分弱小
lt will be many weeks before they can swim
它们需要好几个星期
strongly enough to make any real headway in the ocean.
才真正够强壮，能够游向大海
After the sun goes down,
日落后其他的猎食者
other predators rise from the depths to attack the floating multitudes.
会从深海升起 攻击这些悬浮的鱼群
Darkness shrouds the arrival of battalions of dangerous drifting predators
黑夜为这一大群 危险猎食者的到来提供掩护
These shimmering comb jellies - sea gooseberries
这些闪亮的梳子水母 也就是海醋栗
trap their prey with sticky netlike webs
用网子一般的黏网捕捉猎物
One ill-timed fin-stroke could bring certain death to a hatchling fish.
如果拍打的时间不凑巧 可能就会使孵化中的幼鱼丧命
There are many kinds of these comb jellies
梳子水母种类极多
all of them very effective hunters.
都是猎食的好手
By dawn, most of the nocturnal feeders
大部分的夜行猎食者
will have returned to the depths.
在日出前就会回到深海中
The surviving hatchlings,
而存活下来的幼鱼
however, have already started on their travels.
已经开始了它们的旅程
Vast current systems,
巨大的洋流系统
like immense rivers, carry them around the ocean basins.
像广大的河流 载着它们在海洋盆地活动
The boundaries between these masses of moving water...
这些巨大暗流的边缘
form invisible barriers that can trap
形成隐形的界线
both plankton and nutrients carried up from the depths.
可以困住从深海升起的 浮游生物及养分
So parts of the ocean become rich
所以海洋中某些海域
with food for days or even weeks at a time
会有几天，甚至几星期的时间 食物充足
This attracts vast schools of plankton-feeding fish - like these sardine
这些海域吸引了以浮游生物为生的 鱼群前来，例如这群沙丁鱼
They take in water through their mouths
它们从口部吸取海水
and expel it through their gills
再从鳃中排出
sieving out the plankton which is then funnelled down their throats.
其中过滤出浮游生物 然后送到喉咙
The immense schools travel along the boundaries of the currents
庞大的鱼群 跟着洋流的边缘行走
seeking the spots where the plankton is thickest.
找寻浮游生物最浓密的区域
As the position of the current boundaries changes constantly,
洋流的边缘位置经常改变
so does both the supply of plankton and the numbers of fish.
所以浮游生物 及鱼群的数量也在改变
A small pod of Pacific Spotted Dolphin
一小群热带斑海豚
twenty miles from the coast of Panama.
在离巴拿马海岸20里的海域
Like all predators, they seek parts of the ocean
就像其他肉食动物一般 找寻海中
where their food is thickest.
食物最丰盛的地带
They cover as much as hundred miles in a day.
它们一天可以游上100英里
And while they travel, they play.
一边行动一边嬉戏
They have detected the sound of schooling fish from hundreds of metres away
它们察觉到在数百公尺外 鱼群的存在
and start to track down the shoals using sonar
准备用声纳系统追踪鱼群
leaving their toys behind them.
也离弃了它们的玩具
For the hunted there are few places to hide.
而猎物也无处可躲
Schooling mackerel.
一群鲭鱼
They have already sensed the sonar beams of approaching dolphin.
已经察觉到 逼近的海豚所发出的声纳
Their only defence is to gather into a ball.
它们唯一的抵抗方式 就是聚集成一个球团
Any individual that stayed out of the shoal would be quickly picked off.
任何脱队的小鱼 马上就会被吃掉
Within it, there is at least some chance of survival.
在群聚的球团中 还有些许生存的机会
The noise of the attack alerts another predator
攻击的噪音惊动了 另一只掠食者
a sailfish, one of the fastest fish in the ocean.
旗鱼 海洋中游速最快的鱼类之一
lt has detected rapid vibrations in the water
它察觉到了水中的快速震动
and is searching for the cause.
正在寻找原因
Sailfish rely on eyesight
旗鱼依赖眼力
for their final approach
以作出最后一击
so they hunt mainly in daylight.
所以通常在白天行动
When sailfish become excited they change colour
当旗鱼亢奋时，身体会变颜色
lighting up with bright blue stripes.
出现蓝色的条纹
Since mackerel eyes are especially sensitive
鲭鱼的眼睛对蓝色光
to blue and ultraviolet, these colours confuse them
及紫外线特别敏感 这些颜色使它们困惑
making them easier to catch.
变得更容易手到擒来
Far below, a blue shark returns from a squid-hunting trip in the
在更深的下方，一只蓝鲨 自一场位于300公尺深冷海水
cold darkness three hundred metres down.
的乌贼猎食行动返回
lt's heading for the surface to reheat in the warmer water.
它正朝着水面前来 要让身体在暖水中回暖
As it ascends, it detects the smell of oils
当它开始上浮时 察觉到了鲭鱼群