蓝色星球（2001）

There is a force sufficiently powerful to move the oceans of this world
地球上有一种力量 大到足以搬动海洋
lt is a force, not of this earth
这种力量 不存在地球上
The moon is large enough to generate gravity
月球大到足以造成地心引力
and with sufficient force to pull on the earth,
足以从三万两百里远的地方
two hundred and thirty thousand miles away
牵动着地球
As the moon orbits the earth its gravity sweeps across the face of our planet
当月球绕地球运行时 她的引力横扫过我们星球的表面
lts power drags a great bulge of oceanic water in its wake
她的力量增强时 能使海水剧烈隆起
the rising tide
也就是涨潮
The River Amazon in Brazil
巴西的亚马逊河
On some special days the gravitational forces
在特定时节中月球与太阳
of the moon and the sun pull together - to extraordinary effect
的地吸引力同时作用 造成异常强大的影响
A growing tidal wave from the ocean is being forced two hundred miles inland
成形中的潮浪 被推向内陆200里
This is a tidal bore
这是海啸
Fortunately tidal bores are rare,
幸运的是海啸并不常见
but the moon does create strong tides out in the world's oceans,
但月球的确在地球的海洋上 造成强大的潮流
on every day of the year
日复一日到年复一年
The Bay of Fundy, in Nova Scotia
新斯科细亚省芬地湾
The tides here are the largest in the world
这里的潮浪是世上最强的
and have a profound effect on marine life, creating a rich feeding ground
对海洋生物造成显著的影响 制♥造♥了一个富足的聚食场
A feast that attracts some of the largest diners on the planet
这个盛宴吸引了一些 地球上体积最大的食客
Humpback whales
座头鲸
But they are not the biggest threat to the herring
但它们并不是鲱鱼最大的威胁
These are finback whales
这些是脊鳍鲸
At seventy tonnes - the second largest animal on earth,
重70吨♥ 是世上第二大动物
but so beautifully streamlined that it is the fastest of the great whales
但完美的流线体型 使它成为速度最快的鲸鱼
This combination of speed and immense size
速度与庞大体积的结合
makes the finback a voracious hunter of schooling fish
使脊鳍鲸成为凶恶的鱼群猎手
The Bay of Fundy can attract so many fish, that during the summer,
芬地湾能吸引为数众多的鱼群 夏季时
as many as five hundred of these magnificent whales hunt here every day
每天有500只 壮观的鲸鱼在此觅食
The feeding is best where the tides run strongly
而浪潮汹涌的地方最利于觅食
So the whales move further into the bay,
所以鲸群向海湾前进
following tidal rips and searching for fish
跟随着潮浪寻找鱼群
Their movements are closely watched by flocks of Cory Shearwaters
它们的行动 都在水剃鸟的监视中
As the whales dive down toward the fish
只要鲸鱼朝鱼群潜入
more and more birds gather, anxious to pick up scraps
越来越多的鸟就会聚集 迫切地想分点食物
The flowing tide may provide a feast for the whales,
流动的潮浪也许 能为鲸群带来飨宴
but before long it will turn
但它很快地就会转向
ln just six hours, one hundred billion tonnes of water
短短6小时内 上千亿吨♥的水
will flow out of the bay
就会流出海湾
The sea level falling by as much as 1 5 metres
海水位会降低15公尺之多
and exposing vast tracts of mud... and sand
留下大♥片♥的泥沙
At first sight a barren place, entirely devoid of life
乍看像是块脊地 没有任何生命迹象
ln fact, the damp sand is packed with microscopic life
事实上潮湿的沙里 充满微小生物
the meiofauna, feeding in a sandy underworld,
在沙底世界觅食的底下动物
quite unaffected by the departure of the sea
完全不受退潮的影响
But life is not all roses in this miniature world
但这小世界里的生命 并非完全美好
A sand bubbler crab - in Northern Australia - it hunts meiofauna
一只北奥洲的喷沙蟹 它捕食底下动物
Just a centimetre across, the sand bubbler works at breakneck speed,
只有几公分宽的喷沙蟹 动作十分快速
passing sand grains into its mouth,
将沙砾塞进嘴里
filtering out all the meiofauna and kicking aside the waste
过滤出所有的底下动物 并将垃圾踢到一旁
The crab will clean every grain of sand within a metre of its burrow
它们会将自己洞穴周围 1公尺的沙全部清干
Endless practise for the best back heel in the Natural World
持续的练习使它们的倒♥退♥技术 堪称全自然界之冠
The crabs work fast because they can only sieve when the sand is damp
它们的动作迅速 因为它们只能过滤潮湿的沙
Remarkably, they work the entire surface of the beach
令人称奇的是 它们能在几小时内
within just a couple of hours of the tide retreating
趁着退潮时 过滤沙滩上所有的沙
Then they simply return to their burrows and await the next tide
接着它们便退回洞穴 静待下一次涨潮
Underwater a falling tide is the cue for some bizarre activity
在水中下降的浪潮 暗示着某些奇特活动的开始
These slow moving clams use their muscular feet
这些动作缓慢的蛤蜊 用有力的脚
to bury themselves under the sand
将自己埋到沙里
lf they fail to get under cover,
如果它们不找到掩护
the tide will leave them exposed to the air and they will perish
潮水会使它们暴露在空气中 它们便会死去
But once underground they can wait deep down in the sand,
但只要在地底下 它们就能深深躲进沙里
safe beneath the beach
安全地留在海滩下
And not a moment too soon
而且时机恰好
June in Southeast Alaska and in just four hours
东南阿♥拉♥斯加的六月 短短4小时内
a vast sandy beach is exposed by the falling tide
一个广阔的沙滩 因退潮而显露
The bears are hungry - at this time of year
熊群肚子饿了 在这时节里
the pickings on land are few and far between
它们很少在陆地上觅食
But any food here has long since buried itself deep under the sand
这里的食物 大概都早就被深埋在沙中
To a hungry adult bear that is no barrier
对一只饥饿的成年熊而言 并无所谓
they smell the clams through the sand and simply dig them out
它们能闻到沙中的蛤蜊 轻而易举地将它们挖出
For such large animals, they show quite extraordinary dexterity
以体型硕大的动物来说 它们打开这些不幸的蚌类时
at opening the unfortunate shellfish
展现出惊人的灵敏度
Cubs try their luck, too, none too successfully!
小熊也想试试 但并不太成功
But for the adults the shellfish feast lasts as long as the tide remains out
而成年熊群的蚌类大餐 却可持续整个退潮期
Table Mountain in South Africa
这里是位于南非的桌山
Every day the retreating waves leave flotsam somewhere on the beach...
每天退潮都会 在海滩某处留下漂浮物
...and this creature is scenting the currents for the odour of rotting fish
这只动物正从水流中 闻出腐烂鱼肉的味道
The tide carries the scent far into the surf zone
潮汐将气味带入碎浪区
Responding to the smell, snails emerge from the sand
闻到气味的海螺从沙中出现
This is a race against the tide - the snails need to find their meal
这是与潮水的竞赛 海螺必须在潮水
before the tide leaves it beyond their reach
将食物带走前找到它们
But snails are slow and the tides fall rapidly
但海螺动作慢而退潮速度快
These, however, are no ordinary snails
然而这些并非一般的螺
They can surf!
它们会冲浪
They ride the waves up the beach but all too soon
它们乘着海浪到达海滩 但潮水
the tide leaves the fish beyond the surf zone
即刻将鱼留在碎浪区外
Without the sea there's a danger that the snails will lose the scent,
没有海水 蜗牛就有闻不到气味的危险
but as long as the sand remains damp they can still follow a faint trail to the food
但只要沙滩维持潮湿 它们就可以循着微弱的气味找到食物
Once there they tuck in with macabre relish
一旦发现它们便能大快朵颐
Good things come to those who wait!
等待终于还是值得
Before long the heat of the sun forces them
不久后阳光的热度
to retreat into the sand to await the return of the next tide
迫使它们退回沙中 等待下一个潮汐的归来
February in Britain
英国的二月
The falling tide is eagerly awaited by these knot
这些鸟迫切地等待着退潮
As the water retreats countless small invertebrates
退潮时无数的无脊椎动物
are seeking shelter under the mud
在泥中找寻庇护
And with good reason
而这是情有可原的
Waders are specialists at probing in the mud,
涉水鸟是在泥中探索的专家
their wide variety of beak shapes designed
它们的各式嘴形
for reaching different invertebrate dinners
是为撷取不同 无脊椎动物而设计
Keys that unlock the safety of the tidal flats
也是解开潮汐区浅滩 所提供的保护的关键
But within a few hours the tide will turn again
但几小时内潮汐又会转向
Soon the waders are out of their depth
很快地涉水鸟远离了这里
and the creatures of the mud are safe once more
泥中的生物也再次安全了
Underwater incoming tides can create a strong current
前进的潮水能在水底 造成强烈的水流
And flounder are experts at hitching a tidal lift
而比目鱼是搭潮浪便车的专家
They are shaped rather like a kite - a perfect design for gliding on the tide
它们的形状近似风筝 如此设计很适合在潮水上滑行
ln Newfoundland on the East Coast of Canada,
在加拿大东岸的纽芬兰
large numbers of flounder ride the currents up into the shallows
众多的比目鱼 乘着潮浪流上浅滩
They have come to hunt invertebrates that will emerge now that the water is back
它们来此捕食水退后 出现的无脊椎动物
The pickings in the shallows can be very good
在浅滩上觅食的收获颇丰
The activity has not gone unnoticed
这样的活动十分引人注意
But Ospreys can't dive deeply
但鹗无法潜水太深
As long as the water is more than a meter deep, the found then will be safe
只要水深超过1公尺 比目鱼就很安全
Going too far inshore can be a risky business
离海岸太近是项危险的行为
This fish buries itself completely in the sand at any sign of danger
这条鱼只要察觉到任何危险 就将自己完全埋在沙中
But when the tide floods in again, as long as the coast is clear
但当潮水再度涌进 只要海岸空无一物
these sand lancet will reemerge
这些沙中的鱼就会再出现
After a wait of six hours under the sand, they are desperate for food and,
在沙中等待6小时后 它们迫切渴望食物
unlike flounder, they head out to sea
不同于比目鱼的是 它们向海上出发
They are looking for shallow open water,
它们在找寻浅而宽阔的海水
where the tidal currents will concentrate their food - plankton
那里的潮流会聚集它们的食物 也就是浮游生物
ln their untold thousand they stream toward the best feeding grounds
为数庞大的它们 游向最好的聚食场
Where they simply pick up tiny planktonic creatures from the water
它们可以轻而易举地 从水中找到浮游生物
But, if they swim too far off-shore in search of food,
但若它们为食物而离岸太远
they risk running into large predators that live out in deeper water
它们就有遇上深海中 较大掠食者的危险
Dogfish - small sharks
属小型鲨的狗鲨
The sand lancet have strayed out of their safe depth
柳叶鱼离开了它们的安全范围
The effect of the turning tide can be totally different on a rocky shore
转向潮浪的影响 对岩岸是完全不同的