地球脉动（2006）

地球脉动 III
我们星球上的很多地区仍未被探索
Much of our planet still remains unexplored...
因为这些地区大部分都被水覆盖
..for most of it is covered by water.
每一次水中之旅都能揭开奇妙事物的面纱
Every journey below the surface can reveal something extraordinary.
在这里 每年有超过一千种新物种被发现
More than a thousand new species are discovered here every year.
海洋是地球上80%动物的家园
The ocean is home to 80% of all animal life on Planet Earth.
但如今 要在这个多变的世界中生存发展
But today, thriving in this varied world
有时需要做出令人惊讶的行为
sometimes demands the most surprising behaviour.
第二集
海洋
热带浅海
The shallow seas of the tropics.
这里看上去如天堂般美好
This may look like a paradise...
但海面之下 是一个
..but beneath the surface, it is an arena
不断进行生死搏斗的竞技场
for constant life-and-death struggles,
隐藏在表面现象背后
where not everything is quite as it seems.
掠食性狮子鱼
A predatory lionfish...
正在寻找小虾小鱼
..on the hunt for shrimp and small fish.
有这么多地方可供猎物藏身
With so many places for its prey to hide,
狮子鱼必须耐心下来
the lionfish has to be patient.
这只虾看起来很诱人
This shrimp appears tempting.
当狮子鱼靠近时
As the lion-fish closes in,
它会展开鳍来迷惑猎物
it fans out its fins to disorientate its prey.
猎人变成了猎物
The hunter becomes the hunted.
被浅海中最特别的捕食者之一摆了一道
Tricked by one of the shallow sea's most extraordinary predators...
大斑躄鱼
..a clown frogfish!
它头上带着一根鱼竿
On its head, it carries a fishing rod –
是一种改良后的背鳍
a modified dorsal fin,
诱饵很容易被误认为是一只虾
baited with a lure - easily mistaken for a shrimp.
但鱼都不上钩时
But, when the fish stop biting,
就该把鱼竿收起来
it's time to pack the rod away
换个地方了
and move on.
对于躄鱼来说 这得花不少时间
And, for a frogfish, that takes time.
躄鱼不会游泳 反而只会走路
Rather than swim, frogfish walk!
它的鳍实际上相当于脚
Its fins have, in effect, become feet.
躄鱼可能看起来不漂亮
It may not look pretty,
但看似长在它身上的珊瑚实际上是一种伪装
but what appears to be coral living on its skin is actually camouflage.
每个钓鱼高手都知道
As every good angler knows,
地点非常重要
picking the right spot is important.
摇动钓竿发出震动
Jigging the rod sends out pressure waves
从而吸引猎物的注意
to attract the attention of possible prey.
这些鳜鱼被吸引住了
These dragonets are certainly interested.
还差一步
Almost there.
彻底上钩了
Hook, line, and sinker.
浅海往往受益于强烈的阳光
Like all shallow seas, the cold waters off the coast of North America,
北美沿岸的冷水域也不例外
benefit from the intensity of the sunshine.
在这里 阳光
Here, that fuels
为地球上生长最快的生物之一提供了物质基础
one of the fastest-growing organisms on the planet...
巨藻
..giant kelp.
高耸的巨藻森林最终可以达到
Towering forests can eventually reach the height
12层楼的高度
of a 12-storey building.
这些森林是幼年角鲨生长的温床
These forests are nurseries for young horn sharks.
太阳落下时
As the sun begins to set,
它们离开白天的庇护所
they leave their daytime shelter
前往巨藻森林中心寻找食物
and set off into the heart of the kelp forest to find food.
这条只有半米长的鲨鱼非常脆弱
Barely half a metre long, this little shark is extremely vulnerable.
这里生活着巨兽
There are monsters here.
一条巨大的海鲈
A giant sea bass –
重达200公斤以上
weighing over 200kg...
以及长着巨大牙齿的狼鳗
..and wolf-eels, with big teeth
能够咬碎小红海胆
that can crush little red sea urchins.
但最大的危险来自其他鲨鱼
But the biggest danger comes from other sharks -
皱唇鲨
houndsharks...
以及巨大的扁头哈那鲨
..and huge broadnose sevengills.
在这片森林中 最好是保持低调
In this forest, it pays to keep a low profile.
扁鲨
An angel shark...
巨藻森林中最危险的鲨鱼之一
..one of the most deadly sharks in the kelp forest,
也有着最高明的伪装
and certainly the best camouflaged.
扁鲨通常会潜伏数天
An angel shark will lie in wait for days...
但这条扁鲨已经吸引了太多的注意
..but this one has already attracted too much attention.
这里不欢迎他
It's not welcome here.
现在 危险解除
Now, the coast is clear.
但扁鲨是全天候捕猎
But angel sharks hunt around the clock.
呼吸孔可以吹起沙子以掩藏身体
Openings for breathing, called spiracles, blow out sand that helps cover its body.
陷阱已经布好
The trap is set.
贴紧海底是躲避大多数捕食者的好办法
Staying close to the seabed is a good way to avoid most predators.
迅雷不及掩耳
Faster than the blink of an eye.
但还没完
But it's not over yet.
角鲨有一种秘密武器
Horn sharks have a secret weapon.
锋利的尖刺使它们得以幸免于大多数捕食者
Sharp spikes keep them very much off the menu for most.
因此 这条年轻的角鲨可以安全地捕猎
So, this young horn shark can hunt in safety...
最起码暂时安全
..for now.
猛烈的冬季风暴扑向了这片巨藻森林
Violent winter storms batter these kelp forests.
这些植物会被连根拔起
The plants can be ripped from the seafloor...
被海浪带向远处
..and carried away far out to sea.
开阔的海洋是一片广袤无奇的沙漠
The open ocean is a vast, featureless desert.
哪怕是一小片漂浮的海藻也会变得弥足珍贵
Even a small piece of drifting kelp can become valuable.
这正是这群鱼一直在寻找的东西
It's just what these fish have been searching for.
在这里 不引人注目的产卵处十分稀少
Here, shelter where eggs can be laid unobtrusively is rare...
因此要充分利用
..so they make the most of it.
每条雌性产下多达一千颗卵
Each female produces up to a thousand eggs,
雄性争先恐后使鱼卵受精
and the males rush in to fertilise them.
这些活动吸引了大青鲨的注意
All this activity attracts the attention of blue sharks.
它们为了寻找食物
They can travel thousands of miles
可以在海中移♥动♥数千里
through the ocean in search of food...
而且这些大青鲨可能已经几周没吃过东西了
..and they may not have eaten for weeks.
似乎走运了
It seems that they're in luck.
但这些鱼并不好抓
But these fish are no easy meal.
它们可是飞鱼
They are flying fish!
然而这条大青鲨
The blue shark, however,
不是奔着鱼
are not here for the fish...
而是奔着鱼子来的
..they have come for the caviar.
但飞鱼群产下的卵非常多
But flying fish lay so many eggs,
多到鲨鱼的盛宴几乎不会造成影响
that the sharks' feasts hardly make an impact.
几个月后 新一代飞鱼又将在空中"展翅"
And, in a few months' time, a new generation will take to the skies.
对于在大海中寻找居所的生物来说
Floating islands of weed are always attractive to creatures
漂浮的水草总是很有吸引力
looking for shelter out in the big blue.
然而如今的海洋中 取代水草浮岛的是
But, in today's ocean, they are being replaced by something else...
塑料
..plastic.
每年有1200万吨♥塑料最终流入海洋
12 million tons of it end up in the ocean every year.
最致命的是废弃的渔线渔网
The deadliest kind are discarded fishing lines and nets.
每年 约有50多万只动物
Each year, it's likely over half a million animals are ensnared
被这些"幽灵网"困住并死亡
and killed by these "ghost nets."
但有些动物在学习
But some animals are learning
如何利用这些塑料筏
how to take advantage of the plastic rafts...
将其作为庇护所 甚至作为家
..and use them for shelter, or even as a home.
这只和拇指指甲差不多大的雄性哥伦布蟹
This male Columbus crab – barely bigger than your thumb nail –
漂泊无归
is a castaway.
它紧紧抓着网
Clinging to his net,
可能已经在洋流中漂流了数月
he may have been drifting on ocean currents for months.
如今它已经长大了 需要找个伴侣
Now, fully grown, he needs to find a partner.
但哪儿找呢
But where?
肯定不是这儿
Certainly not here,
这儿只有它孤零零一个
alone on the net.
哥伦布蟹并不擅长游泳 因此这只雄蟹走投无路
Columbus crabs are not good swimmers, so this male is marooned.
也许一只路过的红海龟是个搭便车的好机会
Perhaps a passing loggerhead turtle could be the chance to hitch a lift.
成功抵达
Made it!
可这里还有别的乘客
But there's more than one passenger here -
一只雌哥伦布蟹
a female Columbus crab!
它们决定不浪费时间熟悉彼此
They waste no time in getting acquainted...
而是直接开始交♥配♥
..and start to mate.
这对哥伦布蟹很可能会一起度过余生
This pair may well stay together for the rest of their lives.
毕竟 海龟身上是个完美的家