地球脉动（2006）

夏马风卷起沙尘 吹向波斯湾
Sand whipped up by Shamals offshore winds blows into the seas of the Arabian Gulf.
风把带着养分的沙尘,像肥料一样撒进大海, 把这片浅海变成了富饶的渔场.
With the grains come nutrients, which act as fertilizer and they transform the shallow sea into a rich fishing ground
矛盾的是 热浪朝天的的阿♥拉♥伯半岛
So, paradoxically, it's the roasted sands of Arabia that prevent the gulf
阻止海湾变成另一个海中沙漠
from being another desert in the sea.
小座头鲸现在有五个月大了
The whale calf is now five months old.
它的身材也大了一倍 在热带托儿所的日子也到头了
He's almost doubled in size and his days in his tropical nursery are coming to an end.
在这个地方长大温暖而安全
It has been a warm and safe place in which to grow up
但在这里他的母亲无法吃到任何东西
but there's nothing to eat here for his mother.
她在过去的八个月里一直靠储存的脂肪存活
She has been living off her fat reserves for the last eight months
现在她临近饿死的边缘
and she's close to starving.
她现在必须离开 趁她还有足够的能量 在漫漫征途之中来指导和保护她的幼子
She must leave now, while she still has enough energy to guide and protect her calf, on the long voyage ahead.
横越热带 座头鲸调头离开赤道 走向富饶而气候温和的南半球和北半球海域
All across the tropics, humpbacks are heading away from the Equator towards the rich temperate seas of both the southern and the northern hemispheres.
这些是更冷、更狂暴、更多危险的水域
These are colder, rougher, and more dangerous waters.
母鲸和小鲸鱼必须靠得很近
Mother and calf must stay close.
他们可以通过拍打海面 制♥造♥超越海洋轰鸣的的声音
They can send sound signals to one another, above the roar of the ocean
以此相互传送声音信♥号♥♥
by slapping fins on the surface.
在冬季 气候温和的海域被风暴肆虐着
In winter, the temperate seas are lashed by violent storms.
湍流激起海水 将深处的养分搅上来
The turbulence stirs the water, and draws nutrients up from the depths
但只有养分并不能维持生命
but nutrients alone can not support life.
还必须有阳光
There must also be sunlight.
春天 太阳高悬空中
In the spring, as the sun daily climbs higher in the sky
藻类开始生长
the algae start to grow.
旺盛的藻类占据着亚马逊雨林般大小的面♥积♥ 它们将大海染绿
Blooms the size of the Amazon Rainforest turn the seas green.
单体藻类虽然很细小 但它们共同产生了我们大气中四分之三的氧气
Individually the algae are tiny but together, they produce three quarters of all the oxygen in our atmosphere.
藻类被一群让人困惑的生物吃掉
They're eaten by an array of bewildering creatures.
樽海鞘出现在浮游生物汤中
Salps appear in the plankton soup.
这些一个个单体组成的链条可长达15米
Individuals link together to form chains which can stretch for fifteen meters.
他们用汲取海水,在身体里过滤 分离出藻类及其他可食用微粒
Pumping water through their bodies they strain out algae and other edible particles.
栉水母在水中游弋,
Comb jellies cruise through the water.
它们也在这个季节性美汤里蓬勃生长
They too flourish in this seasonal soup
在很短的时间内,它们就能达到惊人的数量.
and for short periods, they appear in astounding numbers.
磷虾,一种小型虾类,如果按重量计算 他们是地球上最多量的动物,一群就可达200万吨♥
Krill, shrimp like creatures. By weight they're the most abundant animals on the planet. A single swarm can contain two million tons of them
磷虾也为鱼提供了大量的食物
and that is a lot of fish food.
这片温和的浅海是地球上鱼类最密集的地区
The shallow temperate seas support the greatest concentrations of fish on our planet.
大量鱼群从海洋深处的冬歇地赶来
Huge shoals migrate from their overwintering grounds in the depths
在这片富饶海域进食
to feed in these rich waters.
鱼群也养育了世界上大多数海洋哺乳动物
It's these shoals that support most of the world's sea mammals.
海狮拥有捕鱼所需的敏捷和速度
Sea lions have all the agility and speed needed to collect what they want
看起来他们也喜欢这样做
and seemingly delight in doing so.
200条暗色斑纹海豚聚集在一起 紧密合作,尽情收获
Dusky dolphin, often in pods two hundred strong work together to reap the harvest.
它们将鱼群分成许多小群, 让猎人们更加易于处理.
They break up the shoals into smaller, more manageable balls, and all the hunters benefit.
直到夏至 海洋表面的养分全部被摄取
By midsummer, the surface nutrients have all been absorbed.
藻类死亡 食物链因此崩溃
The algae die and the food chain collapses.
然而在少数特别的地方
In a few special places, however
气候温和的海域维持这个生命水平贯穿整个夏季
the temperate seas sustain these levels of life throughout the summer.
在加利福尼亚沿海,洋流持续不断的把养分从海底 带到海平面上来
Along the coast of California, ocean currents carry a constant supply of nutrients up from the depths to the surface layers.
这种上升洋流给巨藻带来了大量养分 在夏日阳光照射下它们飞速生长
These upwellings fertilize forests of giant kelp, that thrive in the summer sunshine.
这片巨藻林有足有三层楼那么高
The algal towers are as high as a three story house
它们每天还能长半米
and they can grow by half a meter a day.
海藻中的生命充满戏剧性 跟其他森林一样
Life in the kelp is as full of drama, as in any other forest
但演员们仍不太为人知.
but the cast is less familiar.
一大群紫海胆正在发动进攻
An army of sea urchins is mounting an attack.
海胆们正在吃巨藻的固着器 把巨藻固定在石头上的重要装置
The urchin plague strikes at the kelp's holdfasts their crucial attachments to the rock.
固着器非常坚硬
Holdfasts are extremely tough,
但是每只海胆有5个锋利的牙齿 而且每隔几个月就换牙
but each urchin has five teeth, which are self sharpening and are replaced every few months.
海胆吃掉了大♥片♥的海藻森林 把它们变成了不毛之地.
Urchins fell vast areas of kelp forest creating clearings know as urchin barrens
无法形容的荒凉.
yet barrens is a poor description.
百万只无脊椎动物侵袭了海床
Millions of invertebrates invade the seabed.
这里有可怕的大型掠食动物
The most fearsome predator here is a giant.
向日葵海星长达1米 它喜欢吃蛇尾海星
The sunflower starfish is a meter across, with an appetite for brittle stars.
向日葵海星用触角来试探猎物
It uses it's feet to taste for prey.
在快速镜头下
When it's actions are speeded up,
可以清楚看到向日葵海星喜欢吃蛇尾海星, 这与蛇尾海星快速逃离现场也是相吻合的
it becomes clear that the predator's fondness for the brittle stars is almost matched by the brittle stars ability to get out of the way.
成群的饼海胆叠加起来组成防御阵线
Sand dollars flat sea urchins cluster together as a defense
不过好像在向日葵海星面前没有作用
But it doesn't seem to work against the sunflower starfish.
向日葵海星挤出它的胃 包住饼海胆直接消化其软组织
The predator extrudes it's stomach, and wraps it around it's victims liquefying their soft parts.
最后只剩下饼海胆的白色骨架.
Nothing is left of them, except their white skeletons.
加利福尼亚寒流是季节性洋流,相对较小.
The Californian upwellings are seasonal and relatively small
不过在南部非洲的大洋流带来的 充足食物能满足百万只海豹的需要
but in Southern Africa they're so big they create seas rich enough to support colonies of over a million seals.
本格拉寒流--沿南部非洲西岸流动 给海洋表面带来充足养分
The Benguela Current sweeps along the western coastline of Southern Africa driving nutrient rich waters up to the surface
然后,在非洲南端(好望角)与 沿非洲大♥陆♥以南海域流动的厄加勒斯暖流汇合
and then, at the southern tip of Africa it meets the Agulhas Current, arriving from the east.
结果是,海洋养分更加丰富.
The result: even richer waters.
海豹在吃这里大量的鱼和枪乌贼(即鱿鱼)
The seals here thrive on a diet of fish and squid.
在这块海洋里,鱿鱼实际上要比鱼类多.
In temperate seas there may actually be more squid than fish.
这是宽褶鱿鱼
These are choker squid,
它们在厄加勒斯暖流经过的砂质浅海处产卵
and they lay their egg capsules in sandy shallows bathed by the warmer Agulhas Current.
每个卵囊都有100多条小鱿鱼
Each capsule contains a hundred tiny squid.
几天后它们长出一些色斑 等到成熟后,就可以用这些色斑来互相联♥系♥
Within a few days they develop spots of pigment which, when they're adult, they will use to communicate with one another.
雌鱿鱼继续产卵
With females continuing to lay eggs
雄鱿鱼则忙于击退竞争对手而放松了警惕
and males still preoccupied with repelling rivals, the squid drop their guard.
黄貂鱼
Stingray.
短尾黄貂鱼身长可达2米
Short tailed stingray can be up to two meters across.
它是世界上最大的一种? 与之相称的还有它的胃口
They're the largest of all the stingrays, and they have appetites to match.
还有掠食者在游弋
Another predator is on the prowl.
南非虎头鲨
The aptly named ragged tooth shark.
虎头鲨可以长到3米长
Raggies grow to three meters long,
不过还有2倍于它的鲨鱼 在和它们一起分享这片水域
but they share these waters with a shark twice their size.
大白鲨
The great white.
地球上最大的掠食性鱼类
The largest predatory fish on the planet.
黎明时分,南非海狗离开聚居地去捕鱼
Each dawn cape fur seals leave their colony to go fishing.
要到达远海
To reach the open sea,
它们必须穿越一片狭窄的水域
they must cross a narrow strip of water
大白鲨就在那里逡巡
and that is patrolled by great whites.
每只海豹必须拼命游泳
Each seal is indeed swimming for it's life.
可大白鲨让人惊奇
The shark relies on surprise.
大白鲨的速度和力量来自体内高速的新陈代谢
The great white's turn of speed is powered by a high metabolism.
它们只呆在冰冷的海里,也只有大海才有充足的食物 供这种贪婪的掠食者享用
They only thrive in cold temperate seas for only these waters contain sufficient food necessary to fuel such a ravenous predator.
当你朝南北两极旅行 更冷,更多风暴的海域才是更加富饶的
As you travel towards the poles north or south the colder, stormier seas can become even richer.
在南非和南极之间
Midway between South Africa and the South Pole
有一个与世隔绝的岛屿--马里恩岛
lies the isolated island of Marion.
岛屿位于气候恶劣的"咆哮西风带"
The island sits in the infamous "roaring forties"
不间断的大风把海底的养分送上来 从而给帝企鹅提供了丰富的食物
where incessant gale force winds draw nutrients up from the depths ensuring plenty of food for king penguins.
帝企鹅刚刚完成了3天的捕捞航行
The kings are returning from a three day fishing trip,
并给孩子们带来了食物
with food for their chicks
不过首先它们要通过拥挤的海滩
But first they must cross a crowded beach,
从巨大的,暴躁的海象间开出一条路来
threading their way between gigantic and bad tempered elephant seals.
在这块富饶的捕鱼圣地上 大约有20万只企鹅在这里繁殖
The two hundred thousand penguins breeding here are testament to the richness of the fishing.
小帝企鹅必须依靠它们的母亲至少一年 这给它们父母带来巨大的压力
King chicks are dependent on their mothers for over a year and this puts a great deal of pressure on the parents.
由于不能飞 企鹅必须步行穿越空旷的海滩
Being flightless, the returning penguins must cross the open beach on foot.
海狗,来到海滩繁殖并等待企鹅的到来
Fur seals, that have come to the beach to breed, are waiting for them.
通常海狗以磷虾为生
Fur seals normally live on krill
不过现在.它们可以从富含鲸脂的企鹅身上 获得意想不到的美味
but these have now acquired an unexpected taste for blubber rich penguins.
企鹅在海狗面前可能是轻量级选手
Penguins may be featherweights by comparison
但是企鹅有尖利的喙和易怒的性格
but they have razor sharp bills and a feisty character.
海狗可能会被啄瞎眼睛
The seal could easily lose an eye.
唯一的方法就是从背后抓住企鹅 不过企鹅也很清楚这一点.
The only safe way to grab a penguin is from behind, and the birds are well aware of that.
两种动物在这地形下都显得笨拙 不过企鹅更容易失败
Both animals are clumsy on this terrain but the penguin has the more to lose.
成功了!
Made it.
有三分之二的企鹅能在海狗的攻击下逃生 顺利到达永远吃不饱的小企鹅身边
Two out of three penguins survive the seal attacks and succeed in reaching their ever hungry chicks.
座头鲸接近它们史诗般旅程的终点
The humpbacks are nearing the end of their epic journeys.
历时2个月,数千英里的跋涉 它们进入了两极的极地海洋
After two months and thousands of miles, they're entering the polar seas both in the north and the south.
在遥远的北方 寒冬终于过去
In the far north, winter is over at last
冰雪开始消融
and the ice is starting to melt.
阿♥拉♥斯加(美国)西部的 阿留申群岛是通向白令海的大门
The Aleutian Island chain running west from Alaska is the gateway to the Bearing Sea.
随着冰雪的消退,暴烈的天气 和汹涌的洋流把这片浅海搅得天翻地覆
With the retreating ice, rough weather and ferocious currents stir up these shallow seas.
再加上阳光,这种组合的产生了大量的养分
Add sunshine and the mix is spectacularly productive.
500万只水雉鸟 从澳大利亚飞行了近万英里来到这里
Five million shearwaters have flown almost ten thousand miles from Australia to get here.
总计约有8000万只海鸟到这里度夏
In all eighty million seabirds come here for the summer
到处都是世界上最伟大的聚集
the greatest concentration to be found anywhere on Earth.
座头鲸终于抵达
The humpbacks have finally arrived.