了解宇宙是如何运行的（2010）

How the Universe Works S11E05

Part 8 April 10, 2023, 10:20 a.m.

所以它向内移♥动♥的速度更快
so it's moving in
more rapidly.
和平军师土星，赶上了木星
ROWE: Peace-making consigliere,
Saturn, catches up
促成了一笔交易
with Jupiter
and brokers a deal.
当它们到达对方时，它们不会碰撞
When they reach each other,
they don't collide.
它们彼此陷入了复杂的轨道舞蹈中
They get stuck in a complicated
orbital dance with each other.
它们的宇宙探戈将气体从圆盘中剥离出来
ROWE: Their cosmic tango
strips out gas from the disc,
为土星和木星向外移♥动♥扫清了道路
clearing a path for Saturn and
Jupiter to move back outwards.
为土星和木星向外移♥动♥扫清了道路
clearing a path for Saturn and
Jupiter to move back outwards.
所以这实际上可以逆转它们的迁移
So this can actually reverse
突然之间，我们有两颗行星
their migration, and all of
a sudden, we have
在太阳系中向外移♥动♥
the two planets moving outward
in the solar system.
所以这就像土星有一个拖车
So it's like Saturn has
a trailer hitch, and it's towing
它拖着木星回到太阳系外，来到
Jupiter back to the outer
solar system,
我们今天发现它们的地方
where we find them today.
普莱特:基本上，是土星拯救了地球
PLAIT: Saturn saved
the earth, basically.
如果它没有把木星
If it hadn't have been there
to pull Jupiter back out from
从太阳系内部拉出来
the inner solar system,
木星就会把所有的内行星都扔出去
Jupiter would have thrown all
the inner planets out.
那么就没有水星，没有金星，没有火星，没有地球
So no Mercury, no Venus,
no Mars, no Earth.
太阳诞生后300万年
ROWE: Three million years after
the birth of the Sun,
太阳诞生后300万年
ROWE: Three million years after
the birth of the Sun,
大约有20颗新生行星在木星对太阳系内部的洗劫中
around 20 baby planets
survive Jupiter's
幸存了下来
ransacking of
the inner solar system,
但大屠♥杀♥还没有结束
but the carnage isn't over.
沃尔什:太阳系内部有点混乱
WALSH: The inner solar system's
kind of in turmoil.
来自木星的引力相互作用非常严重
The gravitational interaction
from Jupiter was severe.
一切都很亢奋、疯狂，轨道失去控制
Everything is excited,
orbits are out of control
物质相互作用，发生巨大而激烈的
and crazy, and things are
interacting and having big,
碰撞
violent collisions.
太阳系内部就像一条拥挤的高速公路
ROWE: The inner solar system
is like a congested highway.
行星穿越轨道，碰撞频繁
Planets cross lanes,
collisions are frequent.
随着杀戮的继续
As the bloodshed continues,
年轻的地球走上了成为一颗较小行星的道路
the young Earth wanders into
the path of a smaller planet.
普莱特:有一种理论，这是一个很好的理论
PLAIT: There's a theory,
and it's a pretty good one,
地球在很久以前
that the Earth,
a long time ago,
被另一颗相对较大的行星撞击
was hit by another
relatively big planet,
我们称那颗行星为忒伊亚
and we call that planet Theia.
它们以每小时25000英里的速度撞击地球
ROWE: Theia hit Earth at over
25,000 miles an hour.
这次撞击摧毁了忒伊亚
The impact destroyed Theia
几乎毁灭了地球
and nearly wiped out Earth.
奥卢塞伊:当地球被忒亚袭击时
OLUSEYI: When Earth
was struck by Theia,
它不同于之前或之后的任何事件
it was unlike any event
before or since.
我们认为导致恐龙灭绝的事件
We think about the event
that wiped
是一次巨大的碰撞
out the dinosaurs
as a huge collision.
哦，这个比那个小
Oh, this one dwarfs that one.
地球完全被翻过来了
The Earth was completely
turned inside out.
它的表面是全新的，它是熔融的，它在下雨
The surface was new, it was
molten, and it was raining fire,
确切地说——熔岩像雨一样从天上掉下来
literally -- lava rock was
raining down from the heavens.
地球身受重伤，但幸存了下来
ROWE: Earth was badly
wounded but survived.
来自忒伊亚的物质与地球岩石混合
Material from Theia
mixed with Earth rock,
形成了一个更大的行星和一个新的伙伴
building a bigger planet
and a new companion.
这次碰撞非常巨大
This collision was so huge,
它从地球表面喷射出了大量的物质
it blasted off a tremendous
amount of material off
这些物质结合形成了月球
the Earth's surface, and this
coalesced to form the Moon.
这一理论现在可能成为事实
ROWE: That theory
may now become fact.
我们在地球表面深处
We found
two massive chunks of
发现了两块巨大的岩石
rock buried deep beneath
Earth's surface.
与周围的地幔岩石相比
These massive lumps of rock
have a different density,
这些巨大的岩石块
a different composition,
有不同的密度和成分
than the rest of
the mantle rock around them.
2021年的一项新研究表明
ROWE:
A new study in 2021 suggests
它们不是来自地球
they don't come from Earth.
我们地幔深处的这些密集的物质团
It could be that
these dense blobs of
可能是忒伊亚的遗迹
material deep in our mantle
are remnants of Theia.
在整个太阳系内部
ROWE: Throughout
the inner solar system
原行星在撞击原行星
protoplanet
hit protoplanet.
一些高速碰撞以灾难告终
Some high speed crashes
ended in catastrophe.
这是戏剧性事件，很多的戏剧性事件
There was drama,
a lot of drama.
这是戏剧性事件，很多的戏剧性事件
There was drama,
a lot of drama.
这既是一个关于创造的故事
It's as much
a story of destruction
也是一个关于毁灭的故事
as it is of creation.
有很多行星本可以形成地球
There are a lot of planets
that could have made it
但却没有
but didn't.
而我们恰好是幸运的幸运儿之一
And we just happened to be one
of the lucky ones that did.
缓慢的撞击将碰撞的世界粘合在一起
Slower impacts glued
the colliding worlds together,
从残骸中形成混合行星
building hybrid planets
from the wreckage.
四颗类地行星——水星、金星、
The four terrestrial planets --
Mercury, Venus,
地球和火星——从20颗原行星的灰烬中出现
Earth, and Mars --
emerged from the ashes
并加入了暴徒家族
of the 20 protoplanets
and joined the mob family.
并加入了暴徒家族
of the 20 protoplanets
and joined the mob family.
行星是相联♥系♥的
The planets are connected.
你的身体里可能有一些
You probably have some
material in your body
来自太阳系中曾经存在过的
from pretty much every world
几乎每一个世界的物质
that ever existed
in the solar system.
一切都混在一起了
Everything mixed around.
这种混合使地球
That mixing made Earth
变得更大，更适合生存
larger and better
equipped to survive.
这场大屠♥杀♥也在其他幸存的行星上
The bloodbath also
left its mark
留下了印记
on the other
surviving planets.
拉德博:金星的奇怪之处在于
RADEBAUGH: What's strange
about Venus is that
它实际上是以相反的方向旋转的
it actually spins in
the opposite direction.
其他行星都是向右旋的
All the other planets spin
sort of with --
其他行星都是向右旋的
All the other planets spin
sort of with --