了解宇宙是如何运行的（2010）

How the Universe Works S11E02

Part 9 April 10, 2023, 10:20 a.m.

All we can do is continue
to sniff
记录下我们看到它的时间和地点
the air and document
when and where we see it.
当“好奇号♥”探测到比预期更多的氧气时
ROWE: The picture becomes more
intriguing when Curiosity
情况变得更加有趣
detects oxygen in greater
quantities than expected.
火星上的氧气含量比我们想象的要多得多
There's a lot more oxygen on
Mars than we had suspected,
这本来就很奇怪
which is weird
in the first place.
然而氧气的含量是随季节变化的
And the amount of oxygen
is changing seasonally.
然而氧气的含量是随季节变化的
And the amount of oxygen
is changing seasonally.
在火星上或火星上有某种东西
There's something
in or on Mars
在春天和夏天向火星大气中添加氧气
that is adding oxygen
to the Martian atmosphere
然后在秋天和冬天
during the spring and summer
and then taking it away during
把氧气带走
the fall and winter.
有一种东西在积极地控制着
There is something that is
actively controlling
火星大气中的氧气含量
the amount of oxygen in
the Martian atmosphere.
那会是什么呢？
What is that?
地球上的大部分氧气来自生物的光合作用
ROWE: Most of Earth's oxygen
comes from living organisms
它随着季节的变化而变化
photosynthesizing, and it
changes with the seasons.
萨特:由于生命的存在，地球上的氧气含量
SUTTER: We have normal,
cyclical, seasonal variations in
萨特:由于生命的存在，地球上的氧气含量
SUTTER: We have normal,
cyclical, seasonal variations in
有正常的、周期性的、季节性的变化
the amount of oxygen here
on Earth because of life.
拉德博:地球上最大的陆地
RADEBAUGH:
The most landmass on the Earth
位于北半球
is located in
the Northern Hemisphere.
这就意味着在北半球的夏季
And so that means that during
northern summer,
会产生地球上大部分的氧气
most of the oxygen
on Earth is generated.
所以在北方的夏季氧气含量会达到峰值
So there's a peak in oxygen
during the northern summer.
那么火星上的氧气是从哪里来的呢？
ROWE: So where is the oxygen
on Mars coming from?
氧是已知的光合作用的结果
Oxygen is a known result of
life of photosynthesis.
氧是已知的光合作用的结果
Oxygen is a known result of
life of photosynthesis.
这是生物特征
It's a biosignature.
这是生命的迹象
It's a sign of life.
这是否表示火星上有生命的迹象呢？
Is this a sign
of life on Mars?
大气中氧气和甲烷的变化
ROWE: The atmospheric
changes in oxygen
是一个迷人的谜题
and methane are
a fascinating puzzle
也是生命存在的诱人线索
and a tantalizing hint
of life.
如果火星上的甲烷和氧气的这些变化
Life on Mars
explaining these changes in
能用火星生命来解释，那将是非常有趣的
methane and oxygen would be
incredibly interesting.
当然也可能是错误的
So it's probably wrong.
答案可能很无趣，并不是说化学无趣
The answer is probably more
boring, and not that chemistry
答案可能很无趣，并不是说化学无趣
The answer is probably more
boring, and not that chemistry
而是相比于生命来讲
is boring, but it's --
要显得无趣的多
it's a little less
interesting than life.
我们火星科学家总是对
We Mars scientists, of course,
are always very excited
在火星上发现生命的迹象感到非常兴奋
about seeing signs of maybe
extent life on Mars,
但在我们真正为我们的发现感到兴奋之前
but we're going to require
really big proof before we feel
我们需要真正有力的证据
truly excited that
we've made this discovery.
机器人探险队继续在改写
ROWE: The army of robotic
explorers continues
火星的故事
to rewrite the story of Mars,
发现了一个曾经温暖潮湿
discovering a once warm,
wet world
可能存在生命的世界
with the potential for life.
可能存在生命的世界
with the potential for life.
现在，由“毅力”号♥带领的
Now, a new generation of robots
新一代机器人
led by Perseverance will dig
将深入挖掘这颗红色星球动荡的过去
deeper into the Red Planet's
troubled past
和冰冻的现在
and its frozen present
也许还能找到它的矿脉——生命
and maybe hit the mother lode,
life itself.
塞勒:每一次新的火星任务
THALLER: With every
new mission to Mars,
我都希望有人真的能找到证据
I hope that somebody really is
going to find evidence
证明火星过去存在过生命
that life
either existed there
甚至现在仍然存在生命
in the past or maybe even
still does now.
在这个星球上的很多地方都有这样的任务
And with all of these missions
on many places on this planet,
也许现在是回答这个问题的最佳时机
maybe now is the best time to
actually answer that question.
无论毅力号♥是否有可能
Whether or not it's likely
在火星上发现生命
that Perseverance finds life
on Mars,
我们已经为成功做好了准备
we have set ourselves up
for success, and I am
我非常希望我们最终能回答
so hopeful that we get to
finally answer that question,
这个大问题
the big question.
我们孤独的吗？
Are we alone?