人类大历史（2013）

Big History S01E08

Part 3 March 29, 2021, 2:02 p.m.

that it was not native.
从人类大历史的角度揭示了
The big history perspective reveals
一些如同咖啡一样简单地东西
that something as simple as coffee...
能引发人类历史上的一个史诗般的转型
can trigger an epic transformation in human history
殖民地因咖♥啡♥因♥而建立
that colonies are built on caffeine.
与咖啡种植遍布
And with coffee growing plantations
热带地区的同时
spread all across the tropics...
美国革命者倾倒他们的茶叶
American revolutionaries can toss their tea overboard...
不再拥有饮茶习惯
and kick their tea-drinking habit forever...
因为他们能在家附近种植咖啡
because they can get the same rush from coffee grown
从而感受相当的亢奋
closer to home...
加勒比海的种植园
on plantations in the Caribbean.
茶快速的消失在美国
Tea quickly becomes un-American.
但是穿过大西洋它成为了英国的象征
But across the Atlantic, this steadfast symbol of Britain...
启动了另一项革命
kick starts yet another revolution.
人类大历史揭示咖啡上瘾者
Big history reveals how our caffeine addiction...
是如何改变现代世界的
transforms the modern world.
我们现在在1850年的英国
We are now in Britain in 1850...
人口从1个半世纪前的500万人
where the population has boomed to 22 million...
飞速上升到2200万
up from just five million a century and a half before.
秘密驱动人口激增的原因很可能就是茶
And the secret driving the surge could be tea.
1700年左右英国人开始饮茶
The British start drinking tea around 1700.
到1880年英国成为世界上第一饮茶大国
By 1800, Britain is the biggest tea-drinking nation in the world.
因为饮茶的方式可以挽救生命
It's a habit that saves lives because of the way tea is made.
你只需要用开水冲泡茶叶
You can only infuse this substance if you add boiling water.
开水可以杀死
And boiling water is going to kill
大量的致命的
many of the waterborne pathogens...
水中病原体
that were otherwise killing people.
自从英国人开始饮茶
After Britain starts drinking tea...
与水有关的疾病的死亡人数下降50%
deaths from waterborne illnesses fall by 50 %.
咖♥啡♥因♥容易上瘾因此英国人饮用大量的茶
Because caffeine is addictive, the British drink a lot of tea.
这就意味着他们饮用大量的开水
And that means they're drinking a lot more boiled water...
因此他们活得更久孩子更多
so they live longer and have more children...
给予英国大量的人力
giving Britain enough manpower
进行工业革命
to fuel a mass-production machine...
开启现代的大门
that launches the modern age
一个人们每天饮用59亿杯茶
an age where people down 5.9 billion cups of tea...
22亿杯咖啡的时代
and 2.2 billion cups of coffee every day.
为什么咖♥啡♥因♥作为全球化致幻物质
Why has caffeine been so successful
如此成功
as a global mind-altering substance?
它提供的是廉价快速的能量
It provides a sort of cheap and quick fuel.
它能帮助你在复杂社会中更好的进行运作
It can help you operate better in a complex society.
回到最初
And it all connects back
月球减慢了地球
To the moon that slows down our planet...
给予我们加速世界的分子
giving us the molecule that speeds up our world.
但是咖♥啡♥因♥的故事才刚开始
But the story of caffeine is just the beginning.
还有一个更大的谜团隐藏在人类大历史中
There's a much bigger puzzle hidden in big history.
每一集解开一个谜团
Each episode unlocks a clue.
万事万事例如牛肉
Everyday things like beef...
阳光和水
the sun and water...
都是关键
hold the key.
审视它们你将揭开这个大谜团
Watch them all and you'll see this grand mystery revealed.
时间空间
The big history of time, of space
以及我们自己的人类大历史
the big history of us.