地球未知档案：宇宙时光机（2023）

宇宙大爆♥炸♥之后 ‎宇宙里充满了这种宇宙汤
After the Big Bang, the universe was just filled
是由氢气和氦气组成的
with this sort of cosmic soup of hydrogen and helium gas.
最终那些氢和氦原子
Eventually, those hydrogen and helium atoms
开始结合 形成恒星
started to form together to fuse stars.
恒星可能聚集在一起 变成了星系
The stars were probably grouped into galaxies.
那就是我们所说的第一缕光
That was what we call the first light.
为了看到第一缕光 ‎宇宙中的第一个星系
To see first light, the first, uh, galaxies in our universe,
遥远的过去就是创造发生的地方
that distant past is where creation happened.
当我们看着天空 ‎在我们银河系的星体之外
When we look at the sky, beyond the stars in our Milky Way,
我们只能看见黑暗
we can only see darkness.
我们从来没有技术
We've never had the technology
可以看到宇宙故事的第一部分
to see that first part of the story of the universe.
为了能够回到过去
To be able to look back in time
看到第一缕光
to see the very first light,
你需要史上最复杂的望远镜
you need the most complex telescope in history.
韦伯 在美国宇航局的整个历史上 ‎是最冒险的任务
Webb, in the whole history of NASA,is the riskiest mission ever done.
这项任务可能是技术上的胜利
This mission could be a technological triumph
也可能是令人心碎的灾难
or a heartbreaking disaster.
我们要把最大的望远镜送入太空 ‎160万公里之外
We're putting the largest telescope in space,a million miles away.
很多环节都可能会出错
You know, you can think of a thousand things that can go wrong.
这是有史以来所有任务中
It's the largest number of single point failures
最大的单点失效数量
of any mission ever done.
试着想想不敢去想的事 “如果失败...”
To try to think the unthinkable of, "If it doesn't work..."
这绝对是个可怕的想法
It's a scary thought, for sure.
任何成功任务系统的工程师
Any successful mission systems engineer
如果不觉得有运气成分 ‎要么是傻子 要么是骗子
who doesn't think there was luck involved is either a fool or a liar.
那些第一批照片会帮助我们 ‎更接近这些问题的答案
Those first images will help us get closer to answering those questions of,
“我们从哪里来？”
"Where do we come from?"
“我们怎么来这里的？”
"How did we get here?"
“只有我们吗？”
"Are we alone?"
那是我们的历史 就在那里
That's our history, right there.
这是我们的整个历史 ‎-我们的整个历史就在那里
It is our whole history. - Our whole history right there.
我毫不怀疑 ‎这个望远镜是我们寻找生命的
I have no doubt that this telescope is our next giant leap
下一个巨大飞跃
in our search for life.
宇宙如此之大
The universe is so big,
外面一定有进化的有意识生命
there's got to be evolved conscious life out there.
詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜
The James Webb Space Telescope
会从根本上改变我们理解宇宙的方式
will fundamentally change the way we understand the universe.
现在有了新的望远镜
There's a new telescope in town.
詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜
The James Webb Space Telescope,
以第二任美国宇航局局长的名字 ‎命名的望远镜 即将成为现实
named after the second administrator of NASA, is about to become a reality.
它会从法属圭亚那发射 ‎那里有一个太空港
It's going to be launching from French Guiana, a spaceport there,
这提示着 ‎这不仅仅是一个美国宇航局的任务
which is a reminder that this is not just a NASA mission.
这是与欧洲航♥天♥局
It is a joint mission with the European Space Agency
和加拿大航♥天♥局的联合任务
and the Canadian Space Agency.
三十年 一百亿美元的制♥作♥
Three decades and ten billion dollars in the making,
整个项目并非毫无非议
the project hasn't been without controversy.
多个闪失 预算危机
Multiple mishaps, budget crises,
甚至还有国会提议取消的威胁
even a threatened congressional cancellation.
詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的发射
The launch of the James Webb Space Telescope
对美国宇航局而言是高风险的
is about as high stakes as it gets for NASA.
如果出了问题 那就是约一百亿美元
If something goes wrong, that is about ten billion dollars,
超过二十年的工作都白费了 ‎就是这样
more than two decades' worth of work, down the drain, just like that.
嗨 你好吗？
Hey.
你好吗？ ‎-嗯
How you doing? - Well.
托马斯·泽布臣是 ‎美国宇航局的科学主管
Thomas Zurbuchen is the head of science at NASA,
我们也可以叫你Z博士
or Dr. Z, as we can also call you.
那一天已经到了
The day has come.
几十年来 所有这些时间
All these decades, all this time,
所有在这个望远镜上工作的人
all these people working on this telescope,
终于到了这一刻 ‎距离发射还有几分钟
and here we are, minutes to launch.
我们在火箭上面放了这个望远镜
We have this telescope on top of this rocket.
这是一万多人 ‎用多种方法研究出的望远镜
A telescope that 10,000-plus people have worked on in many ways.
那个望远镜身上
And together with that telescope,
所有这些人的希望和梦想
all the hopes and dreams of those individuals,
还有成千上万的科学家 ‎有一些甚至还没出生
and also tens of thousands of scientists, some of them not even born,
将受益于这些数据 和他们一起
that will benefit from this data, are there with them,
在等待其太空之旅 ‎倒计时前的最后几分钟
waiting for these last minutes of countdown for its journey to... to space.
准备好了 所有系统就绪
Thumbs up, all systems are go.
剩余时间 倒计时30秒
T-minus 30 seconds and counting.
韦伯在美国宇航局的整个历史上 ‎是最艰难的任务
Webb, in the whole history of NASA,is the toughest mission ever done.
有制♥造♥问题、计划问题、系统问题
There were manufacturing issues, planning issues, system issues,
人事问题
personnel issues.
有时候我觉得根本没希望
Sometimes it looked hopeless to me.
待命 准备最终倒计时
Standing by for terminal count.
十、九、八...
Ten, nine, eight...
我经常把韦伯想成科学的阿波罗
I've often thought of Webb as the Apollo of science.
这是一件几乎不可能的事 超级艰难
It is a super hard thing that's almost impossible.
尽管如此 我们还是做了
And we do it despite it.
三、二、一 发射！
three, two, one, liftoff!
我们真的努力了很久才促成这次发射
It's been a really long road to get to this launch.
我为这个项目工作了15年
I've worked on the project for 15 years.
我觉得我作为一个人 ‎身份非常核心的一个部分
I feel like such a core part of my identity as a person
是我的事业 我的工作
is my... my job, my work.
我喜欢它 我对它充满热情 ‎所以我才会做这份工作
I love it, I'm passionate about it, that's why I do it.
试着想想不敢去想的事 “如果失败...”
To try to think the unthinkable of, "If it doesn't work,"
我为此倾注了我的整个职业生涯
like, and then I've poured my entire career into this,
这绝对是个可怕的想法
it's a scary thought, for sure.
我是说 是从六、七岁开始
I mean, from the time I was six or seven,
我就决定要做这个 我想当天文学家
I decided that that's what I want to do. I want to be an astronomer.
我在阿肯色州的乡下长大 ‎在一个荒无人烟的小农场上
I grew up in rural Arkansas on a little farm, middle of nowhere.
周围没有城市的灯光
There were no city lights around.
天很黑 天空很美
It was very dark. The sky was beautiful.
我从小就为夜空着迷
And I was just enthralled by the night sky from the time I was a kid.
我在四年级或五年级时去看了
I was in fourth or fifth grade, went up and watched.
我们得到了批准
We have been given the go-ahead to begin commanding
开始命令释放前锁
a release of the forward latches.
我们看到两条毯子 ‎都在太阳能电池板上展开
We're seeing both blankets unfurl on the solar array.
很好
Looks good.
我希望哈勃能有自己的冒险
I want to wish Hubble its own set of adventures,
能进一步揭开宇宙的神秘面纱
that it may unlock further mysteries of the universe.
他们决定把它
They decided to point it at a blank piece of sky,
指向一片空白的天空 那里 ‎什么都没有 只是看看发生了什么
nothing there, just to see what happened.
就像世界其他地方一样
Like the rest of the world,
我记得被我们看到的东西震惊了
I remember just being stunned at what we saw.
什么都没有的地方 ‎填充了成千上万个星系
The nothing turned out to be filled with thousands of galaxies.
这让我们第一次感觉到
It really gave us a sense, for the very first time,
宇宙有多古老
just how old the universe is.
这是一个很酷的物理技巧
It's a really cool, sort of, trick of physics...
我们可以用这些巨大的望远镜
uh, that we can literally look back in time, uh,
追溯过去
with these massive telescopes.
望远镜就像时光机一样
Telescopes are really like time machines
能让我们看到过去的宇宙
in that they let us see the universe as it was in the past.
这听起来像科幻小说 ‎但这是因为一个简单的事实
This sounds like science fiction,but it's actually just due to the simple fact
光在太空中传播需要时间
that light takes time to travel through space.
如果你看一个路灯 那个路灯的光
If you look at a streetlamp, the light from that streetlamp
只需要很短的时间跨过街道 ‎到达你的眼睛
takes a teeny, tiny fraction of a second to cross the street and get to your eye.
太阳的光需要八分钟才能到达地球
Light from the Sun takes about eight minutes to get to Earth.
想想让光出来深入宇宙
Think about stepping that out further and further into the universe.
非常远的东西
Things that are much further away,
光就需要走更长的时间 ‎来到达我们的望远镜
the light takes more time to travel to our telescopes.
所以我们真的就是 ‎看到了它们过去的样子
And so we are literally seeing them as they were in the past.
有了哈勃 我们成功回望过去
With Hubble, we've been able to look back into the distant past
看到了一些很早的星系 ‎一些很年轻的星系
and see some very early galaxies, some very young galaxies.
但...我们缺少了开始
But... we're missing the beginning.
我们缺少了这段138亿年
We're missing the first bit in the first chapter
宇宙故事的第一章
of this 13.8-billion-year story of the universe.
我们想看看宇宙的广阔
We want to look out into the vastness of space
然后回到最开始 回答那个问题...
and back to the beginnings of time to answer the questions,
“星系是怎么形成的？”
"How did, and how do, galaxies form?"